Examining coaches’ perceptions of how their stress influences the coach–athlete relationship
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This study extends recent coach stress research by evaluating how coaches perceive their stress experiences to affect athletes, and the broader coach-athlete relationship. A total of 12 coaches working across a range of team sports at the elite level took part in semi-structured interviews to investigate the 3 study aims: how they perceive athletes to detect signals of coach stress; how they perceive their stress experiences to affect athletes; and, how effective they perceive themselves to be when experiencing stress. Following content analysis, data suggested that coaches perceived athletes able to detect when they were experiencing stress typically via communication, behavioural, and stylistic cues. Although coaches perceived their stress to have some positive effects on athletes, the overwhelming effects were negative and affected "performance and development", "psychological and emotional", and "behavioural and interaction" factors. Coaches also perceived themselves to be less effective when stressed, and this was reflected in their perceptions of competence, self-awareness, and coaching quality. An impactful finding is that coaches are aware of how a range of stress responses are expressed by themselves, and to how they affect athletes, and their coaching quality. Altogether, findings support the emerging view that coach stress affects their own, and athlete performance.
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Preliminary evidence indicates that mental health may contribute positively and negatively towards factors such as productivity and motivation.
“since preliminary evidence indicates that mental health may contribute positively and negatively towards factors such as productivity and motivation [13, 44–46].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [46]
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Anthi, C., Kipreos, G., Antonopoulou, P., Gdonteli, K., Kakkos, V., & Stavrou, N. A. M. (2024) · Journal of Human Sport and Exercise · doi:10.55860/97rmwt69 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
da Silva, L. V., Miragaia, D. A. M., Ibáñez, S., & Garcez, A. P. B. (2024) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2023-0081 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Preventing Interpersonal Violence in Sport Through Coach Training: A Needs Assessment
Gillard, A., Radziszewski, S., Woodburn, A. J., Bélanger‐Gravel, A., Vertommen, T., Gagné, M., & Parent, S. (2025) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2024-0067
Yan, Z., Wang, L., & Guo, Y. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6966955/v1
Additional file 2 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25203736
Additional file 4 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679632
Additional file 6 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679638
Additional file 1 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25203625
Additional file 3 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679629
Additional file 5 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679635
Wijayanti, W., Tomoliyus, T., Siswantoyo, S., & Pambudi, T. (2025) · SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte · doi:10.6018/sportk.608881
Tao, R., Zhang, N., & Guo, C. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8701114/v1
Jenssen, A. L., Coates, J. K., Plateau, C. R., & Barker, J. B. (2026) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.2024-0153
McShan, K., & Salem, L. (2026) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2026.2654178
Can sports organisations genuinely care about their coaches?
Howe, O. R. (2026) · Sport Ethics and Philosophy · doi:10.1080/17511321.2026.2701668
Eugene, E., Horvath, S., & Röthlin, P. (2026) · Swiss Psychology Open · doi:10.5334/spo.100
Ilbak, İ., Ilkım, M., TAŞÇI, M., Karataş, Ö., & Tornóczky, G. J. (2026) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1177/17479541261479936
Oh, Y., & Uhm, J.-P. (2026) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2026.2728790
Turhal, S. N., & Çamiçi, F. (2026) · Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.38021/asbid.2042412
- Authors
- Thelwell, R. C., Wagstaff, C. R. D., Chapman, M. T., & Kenttä, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Portsmouth (GB)
- Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Thelwell, Richard C.
- Venue
- Journal of Sports Sciences
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-10-08
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1928-1939
- ISSN
- 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-447X
- OpenAlex
- W2528660595
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 7.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- urn.kb.se
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Diva portal (Dalarna University Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- coach stress, coach-athlete relationship, coaching effectiveness, coaching quality, athletic performance, athlete development, coach self-awareness, coach competencies
- MeSH terms
- Mentoring, Adult, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Leadership, Male, Middle Aged, Sports, Stress, Psychological, Athletic Performance, Athletes
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