The DOI matches its Crossref record; 97 of the 100 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Can dynamic in vitro digestion systems mimic the physiological reality?
Open accessAbstract
During the last decade, there has been a growing interest in understanding the fate of food during digestion in the gastrointestinal tract in order to strengthen the possible effects of food on human health. Ideally, food digestion should be studied in vivo on humans but this is not always ethically and financially possible. Therefore simple static in vitro digestion models mimicking the gastrointestinal tract have been proposed as alternatives to in vivo experiments but these models are quite basic and hardly recreate the complexity of the digestive tract. In contrast, dynamic models that allow pH regulation, flow of the food and injection in real time of digestive enzymes in the different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract are more promising to accurately mimic the digestive process. Most of the systems developed so far have been compared for their performances to in vivo data obtained on animals and/or humans. The objective of this article is to review the validation towards in vivo data of some of the dynamic digestion systems currently available in order to determine what aspects of food digestion they are able to mimic. Eight dynamic digestion systems are presented as well as their validation towards in vivo data. Advantages and limits of each simulator is discussed. This is the result of a cooperative international effort made by some of the scientists involved in Infogest, an international network on food digestion
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Thus, in vitro digestion methods have been widely applied (Dupont et al. 2019; S. Lee et al. 2023; Qazi et al. 2025).”
From Designing Protein Gels for Nutrient Delivery: From Formulation to Digestion (2026) · cites this paper as Dupont et al. 2019
In the citing paper
“Dynamic in vitro digestion systems mimic closely the physiological conditions of human digestion tract compared to that of in vitro static method.”
From Designing Protein Gels for Nutrient Delivery: From Formulation to Digestion (2026) · cites this paper as Dupont et al. 2019
In the citing paper
“while in vitro dynamic models have more physiologically complex simulations, such as the gradual addition of digestive juices, gastric emptying, gastrointestinal motility, or morphology (Dupont et al. 2019).”
From Designing Protein Gels for Nutrient Delivery: From Formulation to Digestion (2026) · cites this paper as Dupont et al. 2019
Citations
Cites
Russell, W. R., Gratz, S. W., Duncan, S. H., Holtrop, G., Ince, J., Scobbie, L., Duncan, G., Johnstone, A. M., Lobley, G. E., Wallace, R. J., et al. (2011) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.002188 · Cited by 775
A Multicompartmental Dynamic Computer-controlled Model Simulating the Stomach and Small Intestine
Minekus, M., Marteau, P., Havenaar, R., & Veld, J. H. J. H. I. (1995) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/026119299502300205 · Cited by 686
Self-citationMolly, K., Vande Woestyne, M., & Verstraete, W. (1993) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/bf00228615 · Cited by 672
den Abbeele, P. V., Belzer, C., Goossens, M., Kleerebezem, M., de Vos, W. M., Thas, O., Weirdt, R. D., Kerckhof, F., & de Wiele, T. V. (2012) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.158 · Cited by 656
Disintegration of Solid Foods in Human Stomach
Kong, F., & Singh, R. P. (2008) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00766.x · Cited by 629
Relevance and challenges in modeling human gastric and small intestinal digestion
Guerra, A., Etienne‐Mesmin, L., Livrelli, V., Denis, S., Blanquet‐Diot, S., & Alric, M. (2012) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.08.001 · Cited by 612
Self-citationAnalysis of Gastric Emptying Data
ELASHOFF, J. D., Reedy, T. J., & Meyer, J. H. (1982) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(82)80145-5 · Cited by 534
Marciani, L., Gowland, P. A., Spiller, R. C., Manoj, P., Moore, R. J., Young, P., & Fillery-Travis, A. J. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.6.g1227 · Cited by 502
Marteau, P., Minekus, M., Havenaar, R., & Huis In’t Veld, J. H. J. (1997) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(97)76027-2 · Cited by 488
Self-citationMinekus, M., Smeets-Peeters, M. J. E., Bernalier, A., Marol-Bonnin, S., Havenaar, R., Marteau, P. R., Alric, M., Fonty, G., & Veld, J. H. J. H. I. (1999) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s002530051622 · Cited by 459
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Naylor T. A., 2006, Journal of Applied Therapeutic Research, 6, 15
- Phinney D. M., 2013, Design, Construction, and Evaluation of a Reactor Designed to Mimic Human Gastric Digestion
- 10.1208/s12249-011-9616-z · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
INFOGEST static in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion
Brodkorb, A., Egger, L., Alminger, M., Alvito, P., Assunção, R., Ballance, S., Bohn, T., Bourlieu-Lacanal, C., Boutrou, R., Carrière, F., et al. (2019) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-018-0119-1 · Cited by 5,199
Self-citationProgress in microencapsulation of probiotics: A review
Yao, M., Xie, J., Du, H., McClements, D. J., Xiao, H., & Li, L. (2020) · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12532 · Cited by 571
Wojtunik‐Kulesza, K. A., Oniszczuk, A., Oniszczuk, T., Combrzyński, M., Nowakowska, D., & Matwijczuk, A. P. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12051401 · Cited by 464
A review on the food digestion in the digestive tract and the used in vitro models
Şensoy, İ. (2021) · Current Research in Food Science · doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2021.04.004 · Cited by 362
“This computer-controlled model (Table 2) simulating only the stomach can process real size chewed meals and simulates the physiological conditions such as mixing, the transit of meals, and forces observed in the stomach (Wickham et al., 2012; Dupont et al., 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialTamargo, A., Molinero, N., Reinosa, J. J., Alcolea-Rodriguez, V., Portela, R., Bañares, M. Á., Fernández, J. F., & Moreno-Arribas, M. V. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-04489-w · Cited by 348
Metadata
- Authors
- Dupont, D., Alric, M., Blanquet-Diot, S., Bornhorst, G., Cueva, C., Deglaire, A., Denis, S., Ferrua, M., Havenaar, R., Lelieveld, J., Mackie, A. R., Marzorati, M., Menard, O., Minekus, M., Miralles, B., Recio, I., & Van den Abbeele, P.
- Affiliations
- Institut Agro Rennes-Angers (FR)
- Université Clermont Auvergne (FR)
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Fonterra (New Zealand) (NZ)
- Triskelion, Zeist, The Netherlands
- University of Leeds (GB)
- Ghent University (BE)
- INRA Agrocampus Ouest, STLO, Rennes, France
- ProDigest BVBA, Gent, Belgium
- Corresponding author
- Dupont, D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-01-23
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1546-1562
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2789386374
- Semantic Scholar
- 6214d2a33898583215c63c2e095f1c86b1a8aab5
- Cited by
- 345
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 3.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Digestive system and related health
- Keywords
- gastrointestinal tract simulation, food digestion, digestive enzymes, pH control, food flows
- MeSH terms
- Nutrients, Animals, Digestion, Fermentation, Food, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Models, Biological, Biomimetics, Gastrointestinal Tract, In Vitro Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
