The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The tumor microenvironment: shaping cancer progression and treatment response
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and treatment response. It comprises a complex network of stromal cells, immune cells, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, all of which interact with cancer cells and influence tumor behaviour. This review article provides an in-depth examination of the TME, focusing on stromal cells, blood vessels, signaling molecules, and ECM, along with commonly available therapeutic compounds that target these components. Moreover, we explore the TME as a novel strategy for discovering new anti-tumor drugs. The dynamic and adaptive nature of the TME offers opportunities for targeting specific cellular interactions and signaling pathways. We discuss emerging approaches, such as combination therapies that simultaneously target cancer cells and modulate the TME. Finally, we address the challenges and future prospects in targeting the TME. Overcoming drug resistance, improving drug delivery, and identifying new therapeutic targets within the TME are among the challenges discussed. We also highlight the potential of personalized medicine and the integration of emerging technologies, such as immunotherapy and nanotechnology, in TME-targeted therapies. This comprehensive review provides insights into the TME and its therapeutic implications. Understanding the TME's complexity and targeting its components offer promising avenues for the development of novel anti-tumor therapies and improved patient outcomes.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Emerging evidence highlights that the tumor microenvironment is not merely a passive obstacle but a dynamic, co evolving network shaped by stromal remodeling, immune modulation and neural tumor interactions [132].”
From Overcoming tumor microenvironment barriers: transformable and bioinspired nanomedicine strategies for deep tumor penetration (2026) · cites this paper as [132]
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Kaur, A., Webster, M. R., Marchbank, K., Behera, R., Ndoye, A., Kugel, C. H., Dang, V. M., Appleton, J., O’Connell, M. P., Cheng, P., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17392 · Cited by 398
RetractedCancer drug resistance: an evolving paradigm
Holohan, C., Van Schaeybroeck, S., Longley, D. B., & Johnston, P. G. (2013) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3599 · Cited by 4,681
Transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal states: acquisition of malignant and stem cell traits
Polyak, K., & Weinberg, R. A. (2009) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2620 · Cited by 3,302
CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways: Similarities, Differences, and Implications of Their Inhibition
Buchbinder, E. I., & Desai, A. (2016) · American Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1097/coc.0000000000000239 · Cited by 2,360
Tumor microenvironment complexity and therapeutic implications at a glance
Baghban, R., Roshangar, L., Jahanban-Esfahlan, R., Seidi, K., Ebrahimi-Kalan, A., Jaymand, M., Kolahian, S., Javaheri, T., & Zare, P. (2020) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-020-0530-4 · Cited by 1,784 · cited 3×
“The TME (tumor microenvironment) offers opportunities and challenges for treating tumors, as it can either support or inhibit their growth and spread [11].”
Lei, X., Lei, Y., Li, J.-K., Du, W.-X., Li, R.-G., Yang, J., Li, J., Li, F., & Tan, H.-B. (2020) · Cancer Letters · doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.009 · Cited by 1,470
Cancer-associated fibroblasts: an emerging target of anti-cancer immunotherapy
Liu, T., Han, C., Wang, S., Fang, P., Ma, Z., Xu, L., & Yin, R. (2019) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-019-0770-1 · Cited by 860
Scharping, N. E., Menk, A. V., Moreci, R. S., Whetstone, R. D., Dadey, R. E., Watkins, S. C., Ferris, R. L., & Delgoffe, G. M. (2016) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.07.009 · Cited by 848
The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System 25 years later: past, present, and future developments
Hui, D., & Bruera, E. (2017) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.10.370 · Cited by 795
p53 and Pten control neural and glioma stem/progenitor cell renewal and differentiation
Zheng, H., Ying, H., Yan, H., Kimmelman, A. C., Hiller, D. J., Chen, A.-J., Perry, S. R., Tonon, G., Chu, G. C., Ding, Z., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07443 · Cited by 767
Why are tumour blood vessels abnormal and why is it important to know?
Nagy, J. A., Chang, S.-H., Dvorak, A. M., & Dvorak, H. F. (2009) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604929 · Cited by 611
Targeting TGFβ signal transduction for cancer therapy
Liu, S., Ren, J., & ten Dijke, P. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00436-9 · Cited by 413
Tumor Microenvironment: Extracellular Matrix Alterations Influence Tumor Progression
Brassart-Pasco, S., Brézillon, S., Brassart, B., Ramont, L., Oudart, J.-B., & Monboisse, J. C. (2020) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.00397 · Cited by 335
Orlistat, a lipase inhibitor, for weight maintenance after conventional dieting: a 1-y study.
Hill, J. O., Hauptman, J., Anderson, J. W., Fujioka, K., O'Neil, P. M., Smith, D. K., Zavoral, J. H., & Aronne, L. J. (1999) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.6.1108 · Cited by 287
Hyaluronidases in cancer biology
Stern, R. (2008) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.03.017 · Cited by 261
Contribution of adipose tissue to development of cancer
Cozzo, A. J., Fuller, A. M., & Makowski, L. (2017) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c170008 · Cited by 188
Targeting tumour microenvironment by tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Tan, H.-Y., Wang, N., Lam, W., Guo, W., Feng, Y., & Cheng, Y.-C. (2018) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-018-0800-6 · Cited by 107
Research works printed but not linked: 171
- 10.3322/caac.21492 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/20503121211034366 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1142/S2339547818300020 · DOI
- 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-3870 · DOI
- 10.1038/ng.2764 · DOI · Paper page
- Cooper GM, Hausman RE. The cell: a molecular approach. 2nd ed. Sinauer Associates. 2000. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9839/
- 10.1002/cam4.5698 · DOI
- 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-1808 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers14163906 · DOI
- 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/s00018-019-03351-7 · DOI
- 10.1038/nm.3394 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.028 · DOI
- Hassouna A, M, Abd Elgwad M, Fahmy H. Stromal stem cells: nature, biology and potential therapeutic applications. In: stromal Cells - Structure, function, and therapeutic implications. IntechOpen; 2019.
- 10.5966/sctm.2011-0018 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.012 · DOI
- 10.1084/jem.20122344 · DOI
- 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-18-0710 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1073/pnas.1620164114 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0007965 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/cancers13184720 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers15061899 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers13143466 · DOI
- 10.1177/1533033819879905 · DOI
- 10.37349/etat.2022.00103 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers14051231 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers12071718 · DOI
- 10.2147/DDDT.S264715 · DOI
- 10.3390/cells9030775 · DOI
- 10.1124/jpet.117.244129 · DOI
- 10.18632/oncotarget.28145 · DOI
- Chatterjee S Behnam Azad B Nimmagadda S. The intricate role of CXCR4 in cancer. 2014. p. 31–82. · DOI
- 10.1038/s41568-021-00340-6 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms23116249 · DOI
- 10.3324/haematol.2019.230227 · DOI
- 10.3389/fphar.2013.00030 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms21249739 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1586/14737140.2016.1123626 · DOI
- 10.7150/jca.17144 · DOI
- 10.3390/curroncol29050247 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3748/wjg.v20.i22.6716 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41416-018-0328-y · DOI
- 10.1182/blood.V95.10.3183.010k36_3183_3190 · DOI
- 10.2217/imt.09.70 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2022.925985 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2165/11595950-000000000-00000 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1039260 · DOI
- 10.1101/gad.314617.118 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/biomedicines9050486 · DOI
- 10.1002/eji.201848058 · DOI
- 10.1002/bies.202100285 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.10.002 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41568-022-00466-1 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231315 · DOI
- 10.1007/978-3-030-59038-3_17 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583084 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers13215318 · DOI
- 10.5483/BMBRep.2021.54.1.224 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613492 · DOI
- 10.14712/18059694.2016.63 · DOI
- 10.1007/s00262-021-02881-z · DOI
- 10.1038/nri2506 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/978-3-030-35723-8_8 · DOI
- 10.1002/ctm2.497 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.11.030 · DOI
- 10.1007/s10456-009-9160-6 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms23084408 · DOI
- 10.1101/cshperspect.a006478 · DOI
- 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81848-6 · DOI · Paper page
- De Luca A, Normanno N. Tivozanib, a pan-VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the potential treatment of solid tumors. IDrugs. 2010;13(9):636–645.
- 10.1007/s40262-019-00766-0 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41392-022-01168-8 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.02.005 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.07.001 · DOI
- 10.3389/fcell.2021.676342 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-023-31352-x · DOI
- 10.1387/ijdb.103167dr · DOI
- 10.1186/s13045-019-0778-6 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1210/en.2006-1121 · DOI
- 10.3389/fgene.2022.1022739 · DOI
- 10.3389/fendo.2011.00102 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms21165761 · DOI
- 10.7717/peerj.5173 · DOI
- 10.1146/annurev-nutr-122319-034142 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1002/jcb.22793 · DOI
- 10.3390/nu11102307 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.bj.2019.02.003 · DOI
- 10.3389/fendo.2020.00114 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41573-021-00337-8 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1515/hmbci-2014-0037 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers15174250 · DOI
- 10.1007/s00125-012-2629-7 · DOI
- 10.1042/CS20200895 · DOI
- 10.1172/JCI127201 · DOI
- 10.3389/fcell.2020.00332 · DOI
- 10.1007/s10555-022-10059-x · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers11030345 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers12040879 · DOI
- 10.1097/MD.0000000000004766 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.drup.2016.06.006 · DOI
- 10.3892/ijo.2014.2362 · DOI
- 10.1007/s00018-015-1920-4 · DOI
- 10.1038/cdd.2014.37 · DOI
- 10.1111/febs.13023 · DOI
- 10.1530/VB-19-0032 · DOI
- Sloan B, Scheinfeld NS. Pazopanib, a VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor for cancer therapy. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2008;9(12):1324–1335.
- 10.1186/s13045-019-0718-5 · DOI
- 10.3109/10428194.2012.728597 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1038/aps.2015.73 · DOI
- 10.3892/ol.2022.13583 · DOI
- 10.1186/2045-824X-6-18 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/s00280-012-2000-1 · DOI
- 10.1093/neuonc/noz232 · DOI
- 10.3389/fonc.2013.00211 · DOI
- 10.1186/s12935-020-01719-5 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/ijms22115736 · DOI
- 10.3389/fonc.2019.01482 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/cancers14010238 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.081 · DOI · Paper page
- Nataatmadja M, West J, Prabowo S, et al. Angiotensin II receptor antagonism reduces transforming growth factor beta and smad signaling in thoracic aortic aneurysm. Ochsner J. 2013;13(1):42–48.
- 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01690.x · DOI
- 10.18632/oncotarget.23869 · DOI
- 10.1242/jcs.056770 · DOI
- 10.3390/antiox10020312 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms221810098 · DOI
- 10.3389/fonc.2018.00145 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41467-020-18794-x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/ijms19113300 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199513 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers12103067 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers12051232 · DOI
- 10.3390/molecules22111818 · DOI
- 10.1155/2014/357027 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers12030731 · DOI
- 10.1080/17460441.2016.1201057 · DOI
- 10.3892/mmr.2018.8769 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms21186479 · DOI
- 10.2174/156800911794519752 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms23031733 · DOI
- 10.1186/s12943-019-0954-x · DOI
- 10.2147/JPR.S278285 · DOI
- 10.1152/physiol.00045.2009 · DOI
- 10.2741/3612 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers14122884 · DOI
- 10.3390/cancers14092178 · DOI
- 10.1152/ajpcell.00151.2022 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms22189804 · DOI
- 10.1007/978-1-0716-0759-6_10 · DOI
- 10.3389/fcell.2023.1154576 · DOI
- 10.3390/ijms23116241 · DOI
- Ruan Y Ogana H Gang E et al. WNT signaling in the tumor microenvironment. 2021. p. 107–121. · DOI
- 10.3389/fonc.2023.1171418 · DOI
- 10.3389/fcell.2021.738373 · DOI
- 10.1177/20503121211069012 · DOI
- 10.1042/BST20160387 · DOI
- 10.1186/s13045-020-01030-w · DOI
- 10.1038/s41392-020-00359-5 · DOI
- 10.2174/1381612823666170616082125 · DOI
- 10.7150/ijms.1.101 · DOI
- 10.37349/etat.2023.00137 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215925 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1146/annurev.pathmechdis.3.121806.151434 · DOI
- 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00011 · DOI
- 10.1101/cshperspect.a007666 · DOI
- 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0761 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/cells11182812 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2022.996663 · DOI
- 10.3390/biology12060832 · DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01324 · DOI
- 10.3390/biology10111178 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sheng, J., Yuan, W., Zhang, M., Chen, Z., Qi, Y., Zhao, Y., & Zhang, S. (2026) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-026-04028-7 · Cited by 35
Metadata
- Authors
- Desai, S. A., Patel, V. P., Bhosle, K. P., Nagare, S. D., & Thombare, K. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Chemotherapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2024-01-05
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-44
- ISSN
- 1120-009X
- 1973-9478
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 17
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
