Cited by 9,092Cancer Genomics and DiagnosticsChromatin Remodeling and CancerGene expression and cancer classification

The cancer genome atlas pan-cancer analysis project

Open access
The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Weinstein, John N, Collisson, Eric A, Mills, Gordon B, Shaw, Kenna R Mills, Ozenberger, Brad A, Ellrott, Kyle, Shmulevich, Ilya +2 more·2013·Nature Genetics

Abstract

Current clinical practice is organized according to tissue or organ of origin of tumors. Now, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network has started to identify genomic and other molecular commonalities among a dozen different types of cancer. Emerging similarities and contrasts will form the basis for targeted therapies of the future and for repurposing existing therapies by molecular rather than histological similarities of the diseases. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network has profiled and analyzed large numbers of human tumors to discover molecular aberrations at the DNA, RNA, protein and epigenetic levels. The resulting rich data provide a major opportunity to develop an integrated picture of commonalities, differences and emergent themes across tumor lineages. The Pan-Cancer initiative compares the first 12 tumor types profiled by TCGA. Analysis of the molecular aberrations and their functional roles across tumor types will teach us how to extend therapies effective in one cancer type to others with a similar genomic profile.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ng.2764

Cites

44 of 44 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The large number of applications based on omics can be ascribed to The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA), a publicly available collection of genomes developed mainly for cancer-related research.

    “the large number based on omics can be ascribed to The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA), a publicly available collection of genomes that was developed mainly for cancer-related research42.”

    From A scoping review of robustness concepts for machine learning in healthcare (2025) · cites this paper as [42]

    The Pan-Cancer Project section describes TCGA’s cancer-focused datasets across genomic, epigenomic, transcriptional and proteomic platforms. From Many Tumours to the Individual Patient says the datasets are publicly available and a resource for cancer analysis. It does not establish that TCGA accounts for the large number of omics-based applications. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The genetics and genomics communities have created large reference datasets, including the human genome project, HapMap, TCGA, ENCODE, GTEx, HPA, HCA, and population-scale biobank efforts.

    “The genetics and genomics communities have created large reference datasets, such as the human genome project,23 HapMap,122 the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA),123 ENCODE,124 the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project,125 the Human Protein Atlas (HPA),64,126 the Human Cell Atlas (HCA),24 and a growing number of deeply phenotyped, population-scale biobank efforts.127”
  • CTransPath is a lightweight (30 million parameters) Swin Transformer trained at a resolution of 1.0 micron per pixel on over 32,000 WSIs from TCGA and PAIP using a semantically guided contrastive learning algorithm.

    “The former is a lightweight (30 million parameters) Swin Transformer15 trained at a resolution of 1.0 micron per pixel (mpp) on over 32,000 WSIs from TCGA16 and PAIP19 using a semantically guided contrastive learning algorithm20.”
  • Generative vision language models such as Med-PaLM M, LLaVA-Med, or PathChat can output text, but only at the patch level for small image regions up to 1024 × 1024 pixels.

    “Generative vision language models such as Med-PaLM M14, LLaVA-Med15, or PathChat16 can output text, but only at the patch level for small image regions up to 1024 × 1024 pixels.”

    From Generating dermatopathology reports from gigapixel whole slide images with HistoGPT (2025) · cites this paper as [16]

    The Pan-Cancer Project and Limitations of Pan-Cancer Analysis sections discuss cancer-genomics data and integration challenges, not generative vision-language models. Searches for Med-PaLM M, LLaVA-Med, PathChat, and the 1024 × 1024-pixel patch limit found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • In patients with HCC, high PROX1 expression is associated with increased survival.

    “in patients with HCC, high PROX1 expression or chromosomal amplifications including PROX1 were both associated with increased survival25–32”

    From Active repression of cell fate plasticity by PROX1 safeguards hepatocyte identity and prevents liver tumorigenesis (2025) · cites this paper as [30]

    The Pan-Cancer Project section discusses predicting patient outcomes across tumour types, while Limitations of Pan-Cancer Analysis mentions hepatocellular carcinoma only in relation to viral causes (page numbers unavailable). Searches for PROX1, HCC survival and chromosomal amplification found no passage linking PROX1 expression to survival in HCC patients. (LLM, conf=0.77)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [36]Gonzalez A Ding L Bader GD Bigas-Lopes N Identification of cancer driver genes using complementary criteria. Nature Scientific Reports Under review 2013
  2. [38]Verhaak RG Estimating the presence of tumor-associated normal cells relates the tumor microenvironment to genomic correlates. Nature Communications Under review 2013
  3. [39]Yuan Y How much can we gain in predicting patient prognosis by integrating cancer genomics data? Nature biotechnology Under review 2013

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Weinstein, J. N., Collisson, E. A., Mills, G. B., Shaw, K. R. M., Ozenberger, B. A., Ellrott, K., Shmulevich, I., Sander, C., & Stuart, J. M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
Corresponding author
Stuart, Joshua M
Venue
Nature Genetics
Published
2013-09-26
Volume
45
Issue
10
Pages
1113-1120
ISSN
  • 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-1718
OpenAlex
W2158485828
Cited by
9,092
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 884 · 2025: 1024 · 2024: 1102 · 2023: 948 · 2022: 908 · 2021: 949 · 2020: 842 · 2019: 675 · 2018: 538 · 2017: 442 · 2016: 360 · 2015: 260 · 2014: 137 · 2013: 15
FWCI
90.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
  • Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Funders
  • National Human Genome Research Institute (R01HG005690)
  • National Cancer Institute (P50CA098258, U24CA143882, U24CA143840, U24CA143858, K08CA137153, R01CA180778, U01CA168394, U24CA143883, U24CA143835, P50CA083639, P01CA101937, P30CA008748, P30CA016672)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene expression and cancer classification
Keywords
pan-cancer analysis, TCGA, genetic abnormalities, targeted cancer therapy, drug repurposing, tumor lineage, epigenetic modifications, RNA expression profiling, protein expression profiling
MeSH terms
Humans, Neoplasms, Genome, Gene Expression Profiling

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review