The Cytosolic DNA-Sensing cGAS–STING Pathway in Cancer

PD-1 and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Breast Cancer

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Nivolumab versus Everolimus in Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma

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Primary, Adaptive, and Acquired Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy

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Nivolumab for Recurrent Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

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Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is a Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Activates the Type I Interferon Pathway

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Systematic RNA interference reveals that oncogenic KRAS-driven cancers require TBK1

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Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability

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STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity

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STING-Dependent Cytosolic DNA Sensing Promotes Radiation-Induced Type I Interferon-Dependent Antitumor Immunity in Immunogenic Tumors

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Pooled Analysis of Long-Term Survival Data From Phase II and Phase III Trials of Ipilimumab in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma

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Oncogene-Induced Senescence Relayed by an Interleukin-Dependent Inflammatory Network

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Mitochondrial DNA stress primes the antiviral innate immune response

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Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STING, and TRIF induces IRF3 activation

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STING-Dependent Cytosolic DNA Sensing Mediates Innate Immune Recognition of Immunogenic Tumors

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Chemokine signaling via the CXCR2 receptor reinforces senescence

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cGAS surveillance of micronuclei links genome instability to innate immunity

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Senescent fibroblasts promote epithelial cell growth and tumorigenesis: A link between cancer and aging

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CGAS produces a 2′-5′-linked cyclic dinucleotide second messenger that activates STING.

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Targeting mitochondria for cancer therapy

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Chromosomal instability drives metastasis through a cytosolic DNA response

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Direct Activation of STING in the Tumor Microenvironment Leads to Potent and Systemic Tumor Regression and Immunity

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Mitotic progression following DNA damage enables pattern recognition within micronuclei

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Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 therapy of human cancer: past, present, and future

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Consequences of Cell Death

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Autophagy-deficient mice develop multiple liver tumors

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Cytoplasmic chromatin triggers inflammation in senescence and cancer

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STING: infection, inflammation and cancer.

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Autophagy induction via STING trafficking is a primordial function of the cGAS pathway

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DNA breaks and chromosome pulverization from errors in mitosis

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Innate immune sensing of cytosolic chromatin fragments through cGAS promotes senescence

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Overall Survival and Long-Term Safety of Nivolumab (Anti–Programmed Death 1 Antibody, BMS-936558, ONO-4538) in Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

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Targeting STING with covalent small-molecule inhibitors

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Chemokine expression in melanoma metastases associated with CD8+ T-cell recruitment

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Cyclic [G(2′,5′)pA(3′,5′)p] is the metazoan second messenger produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase.

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Pivotal Roles of cGAS-cGAMP Signaling in Antiviral Defense and Immune Adjuvant Effects

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Structural basis of STING binding with and phosphorylation by TBK1

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Type I interferon is selectively required by dendritic cells for immune rejection of tumors

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cGAS in action: Expanding roles in immunity and inflammation

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DNA-induced liquid phase condensation of cGAS activates innate immune signaling

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Principles of Tumor Suppression

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cGAS is essential for cellular senescence

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Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is an Innate Immune Sensor of HIV and Other Retroviruses

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Carcinoma–astrocyte gap junctions promote brain metastasis by cGAMP transfer

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Design of amidobenzimidazole STING receptor agonists with systemic activity

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Targeting DNA damage response promotes antitumor immunity through STING-mediated T-cell activation in small cell lung cancer

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Pan-viral specificity of IFN-induced genes reveals new roles for cGAS in innate immunity

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Structural mechanism of cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS

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Exploiting tumor-specific defects in the interferon pathway with a previously unknown oncolytic virus

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In Vivo Imaging Reveals Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Phenocopying of Metastatic Behavior

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Deubiquitination and Stabilization of PD-L1 by CSN5

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Mitochondrial genome acquisition restores respiratory function and tumorigenic potential of cancer cells without mitochondrial DNA

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Cryo-EM structures of STING reveal its mechanism of activation by cyclic GMP–AMP

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Exosome Transfer from Stromal to Breast Cancer Cells Regulates Therapy Resistance Pathways

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The innate immune DNA Sensor cGAS produces a noncanonical cyclic dinucleotide that activates human STING.

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A fresh look at tumor immunosurveillance and immunotherapy

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PARP inhibitor efficacy depends on CD8(+) T-cell recruitment via intratumoral STING pathway activation in BRCA-deficient models of triple-negative breast cancer

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Activation of STING requires palmitoylation at the Golgi

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Packaging and transfer of mitochondrial DNA via exosomes regulate escape from dormancy in hormonal therapy-resistant breast cancer

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STING agonist formulated cancer vaccines can cure established tumors resistant to PD-1 blockade

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The Multifaceted Role of Chromosomal Instability in Cancer and Its Microenvironment

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Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4 antibody) causes regression of metastatic renal cell cancer associated with enteritis and hypophysitis

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CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade: New Immunotherapeutic Modalities with Durable Clinical Benefit in Melanoma Patients

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Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is Activated by Double-Stranded DNA-Induced Oligomerization

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Nuclear cGAS suppresses DNA repair and promotes tumorigenesis

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Non-canonical activation of the DNA sensing adaptor STING by ATM and IFI16 mediates NF-κB signaling after nuclear DNA damage

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Tumor-Derived cGAMP Triggers a STING-Mediated Interferon Response in Non-tumor Cells to Activate the NK Cell Response

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Sensing of RNA viruses: a review of innate immune receptors involved in recognizing RNA virus invasion

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PARPi Triggers the STING-Dependent Immune Response and Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Blockade Independent of BRCAness

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Deregulation of STING Signaling in Colorectal Carcinoma Constrains DNA Damage Responses and Correlates With Tumorigenesis

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STING activation of tumor endothelial cells initiates spontaneous and therapeutic antitumor immunity

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PARP inhibition elicits STING-dependent antitumor immunity in brca1-deficient ovarian cancer

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Evolutionary aspects of recombination in RNA viruses

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Mitochondrial inner membrane permeabilisation enables mtDNA release during apoptosis

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Horizontal transfer of oncogenes by uptake of apoptotic bodies

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Suppression of STING Associated with LKB1 Loss in KRAS-Driven Lung Cancer

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DNA Sensing in Mismatch Repair-Deficient Tumor Cells Is Essential for Anti-tumor Immunity

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ZBP1-MLKL necroptotic signaling potentiates radiation-induced antitumor immunity via intratumoral STING pathway activation

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Targeting TBK1 to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy

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Cell cycle checkpoints cooperate to suppress DNA- and RNA-associated molecular pattern recognition and anti-tumor immune responses

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The role of DNA damage repair (DDR) system in response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy

Shi, C., Qin, K., Lin, A., Jiang, A., Cheng, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., & Luo, P. (2022) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-022-02469-0 · Cited by 85 · see citing works

Hyperbaric oxygen facilitates teniposide-induced cGAS-STING activation to enhance the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 antibody in HCC

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Decoding the Rosetta stone of mitonuclear communication

English, J., Son, J. M., Cardamone, M. D., Lee, C., & Perissi, V. (2020) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105161 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

cGAS-STING signaling encourages immune cell overcoming of fibroblast barricades in pancreatic cancer

Kabashima, A., Matsuo, Y., Ito, S., Akiyama, Y., Ishii, T., Shimada, S., Masamune, A., Tanabe, M., & Tanaka, S. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14297-5 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

Mammalian cells internalize bacteriophages and use them as a resource to enhance cellular growth and survival

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Targeting DNA Damage Response and Immune Checkpoint for Anticancer Therapy

Huang, J.-L., Chang, Y.-T., Hong, Z.-Y., & Lin, C.-S. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23063238 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Cancer Cells Enter an Adaptive Persistence to Survive Radiotherapy and Repopulate Tumor

Zhao, Y., Lu, T., Song, Y., Wen, Y., Deng, Z., Fan, J., Zhao, M., Zhao, R., Luo, Y., xie, J., et al. (2023) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202204177 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

DNA Repair Inhibition Leads to Active Export of Repetitive Sequences to the Cytoplasm Triggering an Inflammatory Response

Song, X., Aw, J. T. M., Ma, F., Cheung, M. F., Leung, D., & Herrup, K. (2021) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0845-21.2021 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Organoid transcriptomics identifies IFIT-associated immune modulation during cryptotanshinone treatment for cancer

Yang, M., Li, S., Li, R., Dong, Y., Zhou, M., Zhao, J., Liu, M., & Tan, R. (2026) · New Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2026.05.006

Organoid-Based Transcriptomics Indicate IFIT-Associated Immune Modulation during Cryptotanshinone Treatment in Bladder Cancer

Yang, M., Li, R., Dong, Y., Zhou, M., Zhao, J., Liu, M., & Tan, R. (2026) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.28.702456

Investigating mechanisms of T Cell recruitment to sites of inflammation and injury

Αναστασίου, Μ. (2021) · doi:10.12681/eadd/50045

Putting the sting back in STING therapy: novel delivery vehicles for improved STING activation

Khorsandi, S., Huntoon, K. M., & Lux, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Chemical Biology · doi:10.3389/fchbi.2024.1386220 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Myocardial dysfunction in children with scorpion sting envenomation.

Mishra, O. P., & Prasad, R. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 5 · see citing works

STING structure probed

Howes, L. L. (2019) · C&EN Global Enterprise · doi:10.1021/cen-09710-scicon1

An investigation of the interference effects of a sting support system on the pressure distribution over a body of revolution

Schurmeier, H. M. (1949) · PhDT · doi:10.7907/h9sm-cm40 · Cited by 1 · see citing works