A question of balance: Time perspective and well-being in British and Russian samples

Boniwell, Ilona; Osin, Evgeny; Alex Linley, P.; Ivanchenko, Galina V.

doi:10.1080/17439760903271181

Cited by 376Psychological and Temporal Perspectives ResearchPsychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionAging and Gerontology Research

A question of balance: Time perspective and well-being in British and Russian samples

Boniwell, Ilona, Osin, Evgeny, Alex Linley, P., Ivanchenko, Galina V.·2010·The Journal of Positive Psychology

DOI 10.1080/17439760903271181

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Abstract

Two studies were conducted investigating the relationship between the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) scales and well-being measures in British (N = 179) and Russian (N = 289) student samples. On the basis of person-oriented approach, a cluster-analysis operationalization of Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) using ZTPI was proposed and validated, demonstrating more evidence for its validity than the previously suggested cut-off-point approach. Four distinct time perspective patterns were discovered in both samples: future-oriented, present-oriented, balanced and negative. The clusters revealed significant differences in well-being, with members of the BTP cluster demonstrating the highest scores in both samples. The relationship between ZTPI and Temporal Life Satisfaction Scale in the British sample was found to be non-uniform for past, present and future. Based on these findings, a distinction between three aspects of time perspective is theoretically proposed, and its implications for the future development of the ZTPI are discussed.

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Future-oriented people tend to feel a little bit less happy in life than other time perspectives, but they paradoxically suffer less anxiety and depression, are more optimistic, and have both more positive and less negative affect than less future-oriented individuals.
“In comparison, future-oriented people tend to feel a little bit less happy in life than other time perspectives, but they paradoxically suffer less anxiety and depression, are more optimistic, and have both more positive and less negative affect than less future-oriented individuals [78–81].”
From Association between time perspective and metacognition among Lebanese adults: the mediating role of mindfulness (2023) · cites this paper as [79]

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Authors: Boniwell, I., Osin, E., Alex Linley, P., & Ivanchenko, G. V.
Affiliations: University of East London (GB)
ORCID: Boniwell, Ilona
Venue: The Journal of Positive Psychology
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2010-01
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 24-40
ISSN: 1743-9760 (ISSN-L)
1743-9779
DOI: 10.1080/17439760903271181
OpenAlex: W2107641483
Cited by: 376
References: 86
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 14.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journal of Positive Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Keywords: time perspective, balanced time perspective, well-being, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, person-oriented approach, clustering, cross-cultural comparison, future orientation, present orientation

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A question of balance: Time perspective and well-being in British and Russian samples

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