The effective field theory of dark energy
Open accessAbstract
We propose a universal description of dark energy and modified gravity that includes all single-field models. By extending a formalism previously applied to inflation, we consider the metric universally coupled to matter fields and we write in terms of it the most general unitary gauge action consistent with the residual unbroken symmetries of spatial diffeomorphisms. Our action is particularly suited for cosmological perturbation theory: the background evolution depends on only three operators. All other operators start at least at quadratic order in the perturbations and their effects can be studied independently and systematically. In particular, we focus on the properties of a few operators which appear in non-minimally coupled scalar-tensor gravity and galileon theories. In this context, we study the mixing between gravity and the scalar degree of freedom. We assess the quantum and classical stability, derive the speed of sound of fluctuations and the renormalization of the Newton constant. The scalar can always be de-mixed from gravity at quadratic order in the perturbations, but not necessarily through a conformal rescaling of the metric. We show how to express covariant field-operators in our formalism and give several explicit examples of dark energy and modified gravity models in our language. Finally, we discuss the relation with the covariant EFT methods recently appeared in the literature.
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- Authors
- Gubitosi, G., Piazza, F., & Vernizzi, F.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie (FR)
- Venue
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2013-02-19
- Volume
- 2013
- Issue
- 02
- Pages
- 032-032
- ISSN
- 1475-7508 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-7516
- OpenAlex
- W2084669109
- Cited by
- 510
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 16
- FWCI
- 20.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Keywords
- dark energy, modified gravity, effective field theory, cosmological perturbations, unitary gauge, spatial diffeomorphism invariance, Galileon, sound velocity, quantum stability
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