Chronic neural probe for simultaneous recording of single-unit, multi-unit, and local field potential activity from multiple brain sites
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OBJECTIVE: Drug resistant focal epilepsy can be treated by resecting the epileptic focus requiring a precise focus localisation using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) probes. As commercial SEEG probes offer only a limited spatial resolution, probes of higher channel count and design freedom enabling the incorporation of macro and microelectrodes would help increasing spatial resolution and thus open new perspectives for investigating mechanisms underlying focal epilepsy and its treatment. This work describes a new fabrication process for SEEG probes with materials and dimensions similar to clinical probes enabling recording single neuron activity at high spatial resolution. APPROACH: Polyimide is used as a biocompatible flexible substrate into which platinum electrodes and leads are integrated with a minimal feature size of 5 μm. The polyimide foils are rolled into the cylindrical probe shape at a diameter of 0.8 mm. The resulting probe features match those of clinically approved devices. Tests in saline solution confirmed the probe stability and functionality. Probes were implanted into the brain of one monkey (Macaca mulatta), trained to perform different motor tasks. Suitable configurations including up to 128 electrode sites allow the recording of task-related neuronal signals. MAIN RESULTS: Probes with 32 and 64 electrode sites were implanted in the posterior parietal cortex. Local field potentials and multi-unit activity were recorded as early as one hour after implantation. Stable single-unit activity was achieved for up to 26 days after implantation of a 64-channel probe. All recorded signals showed modulation during task execution. SIGNIFICANCE: With the novel probes it is possible to record stable biologically relevant data over a time span exceeding the usual time needed for epileptic focus localisation in human patients. This is the first time that single units are recorded along cylindrical polyimide probes chronically implanted 22 mm deep into the brain of a monkey, which suggests the potential usefulness of this probe for human applications.
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Pothof et al. (2016) described fabrication of a chronic neural probe with similar material and geometrical properties to clinical probes that enables recording of single neuron activity at high spatial resolution.
“Most recent study by Pothof et al. (2016) described the fabrication process of a chronic neural probe that has similar material and geometrical properties with that of clinical probes that enable recording of a single neuron activity at a high spatial resolution.”
From Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review. (2017) · cites this paper as Pothof et al. (2016)
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- Authors
- Pothof, F., Bonini, L., Lanzilotto, M., Livi, A., Fogassi, L., Orban, G. A., Paul, O., & Ruther, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- Italian Institute of Technology (IT)
- University of Parma (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Pothof, F
- Venue
- Journal of Neural Engineering
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2016-06-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 046006
- ISSN
- 1741-2552 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-2560
- OpenAlex
- W2419219811
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 3.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neural Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- European Commission (600925)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Keywords
- stereoelectroencephalography, polyimide substrate, platinum microelectrodes, multi-unit activity, single-unit recording, local field potentials, focal epilepsy, posterior parietal cortex, monkey model, probe fabrication
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Brain, Electrodes, Implanted, Electroencephalography, Epilepsies, Partial, Evoked Potentials, Female, Macaca mulatta, Microelectrodes, Neurons, Parietal Lobe
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