Psychomotor Functioning and Alertness with Guanfacine Extended Release in Subjects with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Abstract
Objectives To determine whether treatment with guanfacine extended release (GXR) in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) disrupted psychomotor functioning and alertness, or impacted daytime sleepiness. Method This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase 2, dose-optimization, noninferiority, laboratory classroom study of GXR (1, 2, and 3 mg/day) in 182 subjects aged 6 to 17 years with ADHD. Psychomotor functioning and alertness were assessed through several measures, including the Choice Reaction Time (CRT) test from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Sedative effects were examined via spontaneously reported adverse events of sedation, somnolence, and hypersomnia as well as fatigue and lethargy, and with two validated subject- and observer-rated sleepiness scales. Standard efficacy measures for ADHD also were included. Cardiovascular and laboratory parameters were assessed. Results There were no significant differences between the GXR and placebo groups on measures of psychomotor functioning or alertness from the CRT at endpoint (least-square mean difference: 2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): -22.9, 28.0], p = 0.8 for CRT; 2.5 [95% CI: -21.5, 26.4], p = 0.84 for correct responses; 15.5 [95% CI: -45.1, 14.1], p = 0.30 for movement time; and -8.2 [95% CI: -54.1, 37.6] p = 0.72 for total time). Most sedative adverse events were mild to moderate, occurred during dose titration, decreased with dose maint…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Most studies found no effects of guanfacine on cognition in people with ADHD.
“The majority of studies found no effects of guanfacine on cognition; eight weeks of guanfacine compared to placebo did not improve WM performance, response inhibition, MRT, or RTV in 182 children with ADHD (39); likewise, 45 days of guanfacine relative to placebo had no effect on RT, sustained attention, spatial WM, and visual-motor processing in 178 children with ADHD (40).”
From Differential effects of a single dose of Lisdexamfetamine and Guanfacine on cognitive function in children with ADHD (2025) · cites this paper as [40]
Guanfacine, while improving ADHD symptoms relative to placebo, may not be an optimal drug to improve specific attention measures.
“Together, this suggests that guanfacine, while improving ADHD symptoms relative to placebo (39–41, 43, 44), may not be an optimal drug to improve specific attention measures.”
From Differential effects of a single dose of Lisdexamfetamine and Guanfacine on cognitive function in children with ADHD (2025) · cites this paper as [40]
The study adds to the majority of previous studies showing either no or negative effects of guanfacine on cognition in children with ADHD.
“Nevertheless, our study adds to the majority of previous studies showing either no (39–42) or negative effects (43) of guanfacine on cognition in children with ADHD, with only a single very small numbered study in 17 adults with ADHD showing cognitive improvement in interference inhibition (44).”
From Differential effects of a single dose of Lisdexamfetamine and Guanfacine on cognitive function in children with ADHD (2025) · cites this paper as [40]
The study's findings extend evidence of no acute or chronic effects of guanfacine on cognitive performance in children and adults with ADHD.
“They also extend evidence of no acute or chronic effects of guanfacine on cognitive performance in children and adults with ADHD (39–42).”
From Differential effects of a single dose of Lisdexamfetamine and Guanfacine on cognitive function in children with ADHD (2025) · cites this paper as [40]
There is evidence that guanfacine decreases arousal in animal models and people with addiction, and decreases physiological parameters related to arousal like blood pressure and pulse in children with ADHD.
“There is evidence that guanfacine decreases arousal in animal models (82) and people with addiction (83), and decreases physiological parameters that are related to arousal like blood pressure and pulse in children with ADHD (40, 84).”
From Differential effects of a single dose of Lisdexamfetamine and Guanfacine on cognitive function in children with ADHD (2025) · cites this paper as [40]
Out of six studies testing effects of mostly longer-term guanfacine effects on cognition, four reported sedative symptoms or fatigue while two other studies did not record or report them.
“Out of six studies testing effects of mostly longer-term guanfacine effects on cognition, four reported sedative symptoms (39, 40, 43) or fatigue (44) while two other studies did not record or report them (39, 42).”
From Differential effects of a single dose of Lisdexamfetamine and Guanfacine on cognitive function in children with ADHD (2025) · cites this paper as [40]
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Widiger, T. A. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/10518-009 · Cited by 19,767 · see citing works
Michelson, D., Allen, A. J., Busner, J., Casat, C., Dunn, D., Kratochvil, C., Newcorn, J., Sallee, F. R., Sangal, R. B., Saylor, K., et al. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.11.1896 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Drake, C. L., Nickel, C., Burduvali, E., Roth, T. G., Catherine Jefferson, B., & Badia, P. (2003) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/26.4.455 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Self-citationWolraich, M. L., Greenhill, L. L., Pelham, W., Swanson, J., Wilens, T., Palumbo, D., Atkins, M., McBurnett, K., Bukstein, O., August, G., et al. (2001) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.108.4.883 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Sallee, F. R., Mcgough, J., Wigal, T., Donahue, J., Lyne, A., & Biederman, J. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318191769e · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Self-citationBiederman, J., Boellner, S. W., Childress, A., Lopez, F. A., Krishnan, S., & Zhang, Y. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.015 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Self-citationSubtle executive impairment in children with autism and children with ADHD
Goldberg, M. C., Mostofsky, S. H., Cutting, L. E., Mahone, E. M., Astor, B. C., Denckla, M. B., & Landa, R. J. (2005) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-005-3291-4 · Cited by 349 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The CANTAB has also been used to assess functioning in populations with ADHD (Kempton et al. 1999; Bedard et al. 2004; Mehta et al. 2004; Goldberg et al. 2005; Coghill et al. 2007).”
KEMPTON, S., Vance, A. L. A., Maruff, P. T., Luk, E., Costin, J., & Pantelis, C. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799008338 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Biederman, J., Melmed, R. D., Patel, A., McBurnett, K., Konow, J., Lyne, A., Scherer, N., & for the SPD503 Study Group (2008) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2006-3695 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Self-citationArnsten, A. F. T., Scahill, L. D., & Findling, R. L. (2007) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2006.0098 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Mehta, M. A., Goodyer, I. M., & Sahakian, B. J. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00221.x · Cited by 257 · see citing works
ADHD and the Prefrontal Cortex
Arnsten, A. F. T. (2009) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.01.018 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Sleep During Titration Predicts Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Compliance
Drake, C. L., Day, R. C., Hudgel, D. W., Stefadu, Y., Parks, M. A., Syron, M. L., & Roth, T. G. (2003) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/26.3.308 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Self-citationFranowicz, J. S., Kessler, L. E., Borja, C. M. D., Kobilka, B. K., Limbird, L. E., & Arnsten, A. F. T. (2002) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-19-08771.2002 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Biederman, J., Lopez, F. A., Boellner, S. W., & Chandler, M. C. (2002) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.110.2.258 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationPérez-Chada, D., Perez‐Lloret, S., Videla, A. J., Cardinali, D. P., Bergna, M. A., Acquier, M. F., Larrateguy, L., Zabert, G. E., & Drake, C. L. (2007) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.12.1698 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Coghill, D. R., Rhodes, S. M., & Matthews, K. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.12.030 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Bedard, A.-C., Martinussen, R., Ickowicz, A., & Tannock, R. (2004) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200403000-00006 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Uhlén, S., & Wikberg, J. E. S. (1991) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0014-2999(91)90299-6 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep complaints among children with epilepsy
Maganti, R. K., Hausman, N., Koehn, M. A., Sandok, E. K., Glurich, I., & Mukesh, B. N. (2005) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.11.002 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
the 311 Study Group, Wigal, S. B., Kollins, S. H., Childress, A. C., & Squires, L. (2009) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/1753-2000-3-17 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationThe basis for choice reaction time slowing in Alzheimer's disease
Gordon, B., & Carson, K. J. (1990) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/0278-2626(90)90047-r · Cited by 90 · see citing works
A Pictorial Sleepiness Scale Based on Cartoon Faces
Maldonado, C. C., Bentley, A., & Mitchell, D. (2004) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.3.541 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
The Laboratory School Protocol
Wigal, S. B., & Wigal, T. L. (2006) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054705286049 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationAttention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
MAY, D. E., & Kratochvil, C. J. (2009) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/11530540-000000000-00000 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Millar, K., Asbury, A. J., BOWMAN, A. W., Hosey, M. T., Martin, K., Musiello, T., & Welbury, R. R. (2007) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05148.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Choice Reaction Time Modifiability in Dementia and depression
Pirozzolo, F. J., Mahurin, R. K., Loring, D. W., Appel, S. H., & Maletta, G. J. (1985) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.3109/00207458508985597 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Boyle, J., Wolford, D. G., Gargano, C., McCrea, J. B., Cummings, C. E., Cerchio, K., & Lines, C. (2008) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.986 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Echizenya, M., Mishima, K., Satoh, K., Kusanagi, H., Ohkubo, T., & Shimizu, T. (2007) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.859 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Safety and Efficacy Limitations of ADHD Pharmacotherapy
Wigal, S. B. (2009) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.01.017 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cognitive function in a randomized trial of evolocumab
Giugliano, R. P., Mach, F., Zavitz, K., Kurtz, C., Im, K., Kanevsky, E., Schneider, J., Wang, H., Keech, A., Pedersen, T. R., et al. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1701131 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Associations of sleep disturbance with ADHD: implications for treatment
Hvolby, A. (2015) · ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders · doi:10.1007/s12402-014-0151-0 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Hirota, T., Schwartz, S., & Correll, C. U. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.11.009 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Cognitive enhancers for the treatment of ADHD
Bidwell, L. C., McClernon, F. J., & Kollins, S. H. (2011) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2011.05.002 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationAmaia Hervas, G., Huß, M., Johnson, M., McNicholas, F., van Stralen, J., Sreckovic, S., Lyne, A., Bloomfield, R., Sikirica, V., & Robertson, B. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.09.014 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationSallee, F. R., Connor, D. F., & Newcorn, J. H. (2013) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2013.0028 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
McCracken, J. T., McGough, J. J., Loo, S. K., Levitt, J., Del’Homme, M., Cowen, J., Sturm, A., Whelan, F., Hellemann, G., Sugar, C., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.05.015 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Ruggiero, S., Clavenna, A., Reale, L., Capuano, A., Rossi, F., & Bonati, M. R. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.08.001 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Loo, S. K., Bilder, R. M., Cho, A. L., Sturm, A., Cowen, J., Walshaw, P. D., Levitt, J. G., Del’Homme, M., Piacentini, J. C., McGough, J. J., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.04.020 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Sleep-dependent enhancement of emotional memory in early childhood
Kurdziel, L. B. F., Kent, J., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30980-y · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Rugino, T. A. (2014) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054714554932 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Joseph, A., Ayyagari, R., Xie, M., Cai, S., Xie, J., Huss, M., & Sikirica, V. (2017) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-017-0962-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Isfandnia, F., El Masri, S., Radua, J., & Rubia, K. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105703 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Napping reduces emotional attention bias during early childhood
Cremone, A., Kurdziel, L. B. F., Fraticelli‐Torres, A., McDermott, J. M., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2016) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12411 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sallee, F. R., Kollins, S. H., & Wigal, T. L. (2012) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2010.0135 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationYu, S., Shen, S., & Tao, M. (2023) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2022.0038 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Bilder, R. M., Loo, S. K., McGough, J. J., Whelan, F., Hellemann, G., Sugar, C., Del’Homme, M., Sturm, A., Cowen, J., Hanada, G., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.05.016 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Sayer, G. R., McGough, J. J., Levitt, J., Cowen, J., Sturm, A., Castelo, E., & McCracken, J. T. (2016) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2015.0264 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Cutler, A. J., Brams, M. N., Bukstein, O. G., Mattingly, G. W., McBurnett, K., White, C., & Rubin, J. S. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2014.08.001 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Involvement of Noradrenaline in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Mentation
Gottesmann, C. (2011) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2011.00081 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Pillidge, K., Porter, A. J., Dudley, J., Tsai, Y., Heal, D. J., & Stanford, S. C. (2014) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.12860 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Cognitive Function in a Randomized Trial of Evolocumab
Giugliano, R. P., Mach, F., Zavitz, K. H., Kurtz, C. E., Im, K., Kanevsky, E., Schneider, J., Wang, H., KEECH, A. C., Pedersen, T. R., et al. (2018) · Yearbook of pediatric endocrinology · doi:10.1530/ey.15.12.14 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Sleep as an outcome measure in ADHD randomized controlled trials: A scoping review
McWilliams, S., Zhou, T., Stöckler, S., Elbe, D., & Ipsiroglu, O. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101613 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Li, Y., Gao, J., He, S., Zhang, Y., & Wang, Q. (2017) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0179-6 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Clinical utility of guanfacine extended release in the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents
Bello, N. T. (2015) · Patient Preference and Adherence · doi:10.2147/ppa.s73167 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Childress, A. C. (2012) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-012-0020-1 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The safety of extended-release drug formulations for the treatment of ADHD
Childress, A. C. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1317344 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Faraone, S. V., Goméni, R., Hull, J. T., Busse, G. D., Melyan, Z., Rubin, J. S., & Nasser, A. F. (2021) · Pediatric Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40272-021-00470-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Martínez-Raga, J., Knecht, C., & de Alvaro, R. (2015) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s65735 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Young, J. L., Rugino, T. A., Dammerman, R. S., Lyne, A., & Newcorn, J. H. (2014) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2013.0134 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationConnor, D., Arnsten, A., Pearson, G., & Greco, G. F. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2014.930437 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Guanfacine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents
Rizzo, R., & Martino, D. (2015) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1028370 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Wilens, T. E., Stone, M., Lanni, S. R., Berger, A. F., Wilson, R. L. H., Lydston, M., & Surman, C. B. H. (2024) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/10870547231218925 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Focus on Guanfacine Extended-release: A Review of its Use in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
(2014) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Symptom scores and medication treatment patterns in children with ADHD versus autism
Mayes, S. D., Waxmonsky, J. G., Baweja, R. K., Mattison, R. E., Memon, H., Klein, M., Hameed, U., & Waschbusch, D. A. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112937 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Luan, R., Mu, Z., Yue, F., & He, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00229 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Huß, M., McBurnett, K., Cutler, A. J., Amaia Hervas, G., Bliss, C. A., Gao, J., Dirks, B., & Newcorn, J. H. (2018) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.05.012 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Knebel, W., Ermer, J. C., Purkayastha, J., Martin, P. T., & Gastonguay, M. R. (2014) · The AAPS Journal · doi:10.1208/s12248-014-9645-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Stanford, S. C. (2022) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2022_342 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Autonomic instability in a dehydrated child on guanfacine: Case report and literature review
Roach-Fox, E., Welisch, E., & Sarpal, A. (2017) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/pxx172 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Switching from Clonidine Immediate-Release to Guanfacine Extended-Release.
Elbe, D. (2020) · PubMed Central · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Guanfacine in Pediatric Patients
Knebel, W., Corcoran, M., Ermer, J. C., & Gastonguay, M. R. (2015) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s40262-015-0245-7 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Li, X., Li, N., Sun, X., Yang, W. Q., Dai, Y., Xu, J., Zhang, W., Wang, C., Wang, S., & Chen, X. (2013) · Biomedical Chromatography · doi:10.1002/bmc.2983 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sleep and ADHD: A review article
Mehta, T., Gurung, P., Nene, Y., Fayyaz, M., & Bollu, P. C. (2019) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-019-00178-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Yükçü, B., Önal, B. S., Osmanlı, C. Ç., Tonkaz, G. Y., & Şahin, B. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children12030302 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
van Stralen, J., Gill, S. K., Reaume, C. J., & Handelman, K. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-021-00402-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cognitive Development Considerations for Long-term Safety Exposures in Children
Pipan, M. E., Wang, P. P., & Penna, R. T. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118312087.ch30 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Doi, K., Sogawa, R., Eguchi, Y., Matsuo, M., & Shimanoe, C. (2024) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/bpb.b24-00147 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
El Masri, S., Kowalczyk, O. S., Chiu, T. H., Criaud, M., Lukito, S., Mazibuko, N., Salazar de Pablo, G., Perez Rodriguez, V., Makos, O., Lam, S.-L., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1676472
The role of napping on memory consolidation in preschool children
Kurdziel, L. B. F. (2020) · Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/6053550.0
Martı́nez-Raga, J., Knecht, C., & de Alvaro, R. (2015) · OncoTargets and Therapy · doi:10.2147/ott.s65735
van Stralen, J., Gill, S. K., Reaume, C. J., & Handelman, K. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16735689
- Authors
- Kollins, S. H., López, F. A., Vince, B. D., Turnbow, J. M., Farrand, K., Lyne, A., Wigal, S. B., & Roth, T.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Children's Developmental Center
- Altasciences Clinical Research Vince & Associates (US)
- Westex Clinical Investigations
- Takeda (United States) (US)
- Shire (United Kingdom) (GB)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Henry Ford Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kollins, Scott H.
- Venue
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 111-120
- ISSN
- 1044-5463 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-8992
- OpenAlex
- W2017449681
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cell Science Research Foundation
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- guanfacine extended release, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, alertness, daytime sleepiness, sedation, choice reaction time, cognitive impairment, ADHD symptoms, children and adolescents, dose optimization, non-inferiority, sleepiness, fatigue, cardiovascular safety, adverse events, ADHD Rating Scale-IV, CANTAB
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Fatigue, Female, Humans, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence, Male, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Guanfacine, Treatment Outcome, Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
