Cited by 131Spinal Cord Injury ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsNerve injury and regeneration

Immune-Based Therapy for Spinal Cord Repair: Autologous Macrophages and Beyond

Schwartz, Michal, Yoles, Eti·2006·Journal of Neurotrauma

Abstract

Spinal cord injury is a devastating condition of the central nervous system (CNS), often resulting in severe loss of tissue, functional impairment, and only limited repair. Studies over the last few years have shown that response to the insult and spontaneous attempts at repair are multiphasic processes, with varying and sometimes conflicting requirements. This knowledge has led to novel strategies of therapeutic intervention. Our view is that a pivotal role in repair, maintenance, healing, and cell renewal in the CNS, as in other tissues, is played by the immune system. The mode and timing of intervention must be carefully selected, however, as the capacity of the CNS to tolerate local repair mechanisms is limited. Studies have shown that the spontaneously evoked early innate response to CNS injury is characterized by invasion of neutrophils and is unfavorable for cell survival. This is followed by a response of the resident innate immune cells (microglia), which however cannot supply all the needs of the damaged tissue; moreover, once evoked, and for as long as the damage persists, the microglial response remains beyond the capacity of the CNS to tolerate it. Immune-based clinical intervention is most effective in improving functional and morphological recovery when delayed for a certain period. Effective intervention might be in the form of (1) local injection of "alternatively activated" macrophages, (2) systemic injection of dendritic cells specific to CNS antigens, or (…

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1089/neu.2006.23.360

Cites

75 of 75 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Schwartz, M., & Yoles, E.
Affiliations
  • Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
  • Proneuron Biotechnologies, Kiryat Weizmann, Ness Ziona, Israel.
Venue
Journal of Neurotrauma
Published
2006-04
Volume
23
Issue
3-4
Pages
360-370
ISSN
  • 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-9042
OpenAlex
W2001101139
Cited by
131
References
75
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 15
FWCI
7.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
Keywords
spinal cord injury, spinal cord repair, immunotherapy, M2 macrophages, microglia, dendritic cells, T cell vaccination, therapeutic window, functional recovery
MeSH terms
Animals, Dendritic Cells, Humans, Immunity, Immunotherapy, Macrophages, Nerve Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injuries, T-Lymphocytes

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review