The resolution of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration: leukocyte recruitment via the choroid plexus

Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) Is Released by Microglial Cells and Confers Neuroprotection against 6-OHDA Neurotoxicity

Polazzi, E., Mengoni, I., Caprini, M., Peña‐Altamira, E., Kurtys, E., & Monti, B. (2012) · Neurosignals · doi:10.1159/000337115 · Cited by 9,023 · see citing works

Structure and function of the blood–brain barrier

Abbott, N. J., Patabendige, A. A. K., Dolman, D. E. M., Yusof, S. R., & Begley, D. J. (2010) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.07.030 · Cited by 5,185 · see citing works

Fate Mapping Analysis Reveals That Adult Microglia Derive from Primitive Macrophages

Ginhoux, F., Greter, M., Leboeuf, M., Nandi, S., See, P., Gokhan, S., Mehler, M. F., Conway, S. J., Ng, L. G., Stanley, E. R., et al. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1194637 · Cited by 5,175 · see citing works

Tolerance, Danger, and the Extended Family

Matzinger, P. (1994) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.005015 · Cited by 4,848 · see citing works

Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms

Block, M. L., Zecca, L., & Hong, J.-S. (2007) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2038 · Cited by 4,110 · see citing works

Microglia: Active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain

Hanisch, U.-K., & Kettenmann, H. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1997 · Cited by 3,676 · see citing works

Towards a network theory of the immune system.

Nk, J. (1974) · PubMed · Cited by 3,388 · see citing works

The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity

Burnet, F. M. (1959) · Vanderbilt University Press eBooks · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.8281 · Cited by 2,645 · see citing works

Nonresolving Inflammation

Nathan, C., & Ding, A. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.029 · Cited by 2,183 · see citing works

Immunology of multiple sclerosis

Sospedra, M., & Martin, R. (2005) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115707 · Cited by 2,149 · see citing works

The ageing systemic milieu negatively regulates neurogenesis and cognitive function

Villeda, S. A., Luo, J., Mosher, K. I., Zou, B., Britschgi, M., Bieri, G., Stan, T. M., Fainberg, N., Ding, Z., Eggel, A., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10357 · Cited by 1,763 · see citing works

Bone Marrow-Derived Microglia Play a Critical Role in Restricting Senile Plaque Formation in Alzheimer's Disease

Simard, A. R., Soulet, D., Gowing, G., Julien, J.-P., & Rivest, S. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.01.022 · Cited by 1,265 · see citing works

Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood

Ziv, Y., Ron, N., Butovsky, O., Landa, G., Sudai, E., Greenberg, N., Cohen, H., Kipnis, J., & Schwartz, M. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1629 · Cited by 1,209 · see citing works

C-C chemokine receptor 6-regulated entry of TH-17 cells into the CNS through the choroid plexus is required for the initiation of EAE

Reboldi, A., Coisne, C., Baumjohann, D., Benvenuto, F., Bottinelli, D., Lira, S., Uccelli, A., Lanzavecchia, A., Engelhardt, B., & Sallusto, F. (2009) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1716 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works

T‐lymphocyte entry into the central nervous system

Hickey, W. F., Hsu, B. L., & Kimura, H. (1991) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490280213 · Cited by 1,176 · see citing works

Microglial cell origin and phenotypes in health and disease

Saijo, K., & Glass, C. K. (2011) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3086 · Cited by 1,100 · see citing works

Immunity to homologous grafted skin; the fate of skin homografts transplanted to the brain, to subcutaneous tissue, and to the anterior chamber of the eye.

Medawar, P. B. (1948) · PubMed · Cited by 1,084 · see citing works

Regulatory T cells are key cerebroprotective immunomodulators in acute experimental stroke

Liesz, A., Suri-Payer, E., Veltkamp, C., Doerr, H., Sommer, C., Rivest, S., Giese, T., & Veltkamp, R. (2009) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.1927 · Cited by 1,059 · see citing works

Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system

Ransohoff, R. M., Kivisäkk, P., & Kidd, G. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1130 · Cited by 1,052 · see citing works

Immunological Aspects of Demyelinating Diseases

Martinꝉ, R., McFarland, H. F., & McFarlin, D. E. (1992) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.10.040192.001101 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works

The anatomical and cellular basis of immune surveillance in the central nervous system

Ransohoff, R. M., & Engelhardt, B. (2012) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3265 · Cited by 975 · see citing works

Inflammation in Alzheimer Disease--A Brief Review of the Basic Science and Clinical Literature

Wyss-Coray, T., & Rogers, J. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a006346 · Cited by 975 · see citing works

Multiple Sclerosis: A Coordinated Immunological Attack against Myelin in the Central Nervous System

Steinman, L. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81107-1 · Cited by 910 · see citing works

Autoimmune T cells protect neurons from secondary degeneration after central nervous system axotomy

Moalem‐Taylor, G., Leibowitz‐Amit, R., Yoles, E., Mor, F., Cohen, I. R., & Schwartz, M. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/4734 · Cited by 882 · see citing works

Immunosenescence of ageing

Gruver, A., Hudson, L., & Sempowski, G. (2007) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.2104 · Cited by 834 · see citing works

Immunologically Privileged Sites

Barker, C. F., & Billingham, R. E. (1978) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60930-x · Cited by 815 · see citing works

Regulation of learning and memory by meningeal immunity: a key role for IL-4

Derecki, N. C., Cardani, A. N., Yang, C. H., Quinnies, K. M., Crihfield, A., Lynch, K. R., & Kipnis, J. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20091419 · Cited by 800 · see citing works

Implantation of stimulated homologous macrophages results in partial recovery of paraplegic rats

Rapalino, O., Lazarov-Spiegler, O., Agranov, E., Velan, G. J., Yoles, E., Fraidakis, M., Soloman, A., Gepstein, R., Katz, A., Belkin, M., et al. (1998) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0798-814 · Cited by 788 · see citing works

Infiltrating Blood-Derived Macrophages Are Vital Cells Playing an Anti-inflammatory Role in Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury in Mice

Shechter, R., London, A., Varol, C., Raposo, C., Cusimano, M., Yovel, G., Rolls, A., Mack, M., Pluchino, S., Martino, G., et al. (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000113 · Cited by 770 · see citing works

Does neuroinflammation fan the flame in neurodegenerative diseases?

Frank-Cannon, T. C., Alto, L. T., McAlpine, F. E., & Tansey, M. G. (2009) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/1750-1326-4-47 · Cited by 751 · see citing works

Evidence of widespread cerebral microglial activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an [11C](R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography study

Turner, M. R., Cagnin, A., Turkheimer, F. E., Miller, C. C. J., Shaw, C. E., Brooks, D. J., Leigh, P. N., & Banati, R. B. (2004) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2003.12.012 · Cited by 737 · see citing works

Wild-type microglia extend survival in PU.1 knockout mice with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Beers, D. R., Henkel, J. S., Xiao, Q., Zhao, W., Wang, J., Yen, A. A., Siklos, L., McKercher, S. R., & Appel, S. H. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0607423103 · Cited by 733 · see citing works

The Blood-Brain Barrier in Brain Homeostasis and Neurological Diseases

Weiss, N., Miller, F., Cazaubon, S., & Couraud, P.-O. (2009) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.10.022 · Cited by 731 · see citing works

Mechanisms of immune suppression by interleukin‐10 and transforming growth factor‐β: the role of T regulatory cells

Taylor, A., Verhagen, J., Blaser, K., Akdis, M., & Akdiş, C. A. (2006) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2006.02321.x · Cited by 721 · see citing works

Recruitment of Beneficial M2 Macrophages to Injured Spinal Cord Is Orchestrated by Remote Brain Choroid Plexus

Shechter, R., Miller, O., Yovel, G., Rosenzweig, N., London, A., Ruckh, J., Kim, K.-W., Klein, E., Kalchenko, V., Bendel, P., et al. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.02.012 · Cited by 683 · see citing works

Genes and Antibodies

Lederberg, J. (1959) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.129.3364.1649 · Cited by 676 · see citing works

The ins and outs of T-lymphocyte trafficking to the CNS: anatomical sites and molecular mechanisms

Engelhardt, B., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2005) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2005.07.004 · Cited by 676 · see citing works

Efficacy of minocycline in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a phase III randomised trial

Gordon, P. H., Moore, D. H., Miller, R. G., Florence, J. M., Verheijde, J. L., Doorish, C., Hilton, J. F., Spitalny, G. M., MacArthur, R. B., Mitsumoto, H., et al. (2007) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70270-3 · Cited by 649 · see citing works

Wild-type microglia arrest pathology in a mouse model of Rett syndrome

Derecki, N. C., Cronk, J. C., Lu, Z., Xu, E., Abbott, S. B. G., Guyenet, P. G., & Kipnis, J. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10907 · Cited by 607 · see citing works

The resolution of inflammation

Buckley, C. D., Gilroy, D. W., Serhan, C. N., Stockinger, B., & Tak, P. P. (2012) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3362 · Cited by 580 · see citing works

Janus-faced microglia: beneficial and detrimental consequences of microglial phagocytosis

Sierra, A., Abiega, O., Shahraz, A., & Neumann, H. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00006 · Cited by 574 · see citing works

Targeting tumor-associated macrophages as a novel strategy against breast cancer

Luo, Y. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci27648 · Cited by 554 · see citing works

Human cerebrospinal fluid central memory CD4 + T cells: Evidence for trafficking through choroid plexus and meninges via P-selectin

Kivisäkk, P., Mahad, D., Callahan, M. K., Trebst, C., Tucky, B. H., Wei, T., Wu, L., Bækkevold, E. S., Lassmann, H., Staugaitis, S. M., et al. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1433000100 · Cited by 546 · see citing works

T cell deficiency leads to cognitive dysfunction: Implications for therapeutic vaccination for schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions

Kipnis, J., Cohen, H., Cardon, M., Ziv, Y., & Schwartz, M. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0402268101 · Cited by 510 · see citing works

Hematopoietic origin of pathological grooming in Hoxb8 mutant mice

Chen, S.-K., Tvrdik, P., Peden, E., Cho, S., Wu, S., Spangrude, G., & Capecchi, M. R. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.055 · Cited by 450 · see citing works

Transformation from a neuroprotective to a neurotoxic microglial phenotype in a mouse model of ALS

Liao, B., Zhao, W., Beers, D. R., Henkel-Tigges, J., & Appel, S. H. (2012) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.06.011 · Cited by 438 · see citing works

Glatiramer acetate in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: Results of a multinational, multicenter, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Wolinsky, J. S., Narayana, P. A., O'Connor, P. W., Coyle, P. K., Ford, C. C., Johnson, K. P., Miller, A., Pardo, L., Kadosh, S. E., Ladkani, D., et al. (2007) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21079 · Cited by 428 · see citing works

Blocking TGF-β–Smad2/3 innate immune signaling mitigates Alzheimer-like pathology

Town, T., Laouar, Y., Pittenger, C., Mori, T., Szekely, C. A., Tan, J., Duman, R. S., & Flavell, R. A. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1781 · Cited by 422 · see citing works

Orchestrated leukocyte recruitment to immune-privileged sites: absolute barriers versus educational gates

Shechter, R., London, A., & Schwartz, M. (2013) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3391 · Cited by 404 · see citing works

Functional regulatory T cells accumulate in aged hosts and promote chronic infectious disease reactivation

Lages, C. S., Suffia, I., Velilla, P. A., Huang, B., Warshaw, G., Hildeman, D. A., Belkaid, Y., & Chougnet, C. (2008) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.1835 · Cited by 399 · see citing works

Glatiramer acetate fights against Alzheimer’s disease by inducing dendritic-like microglia expressing insulin-like growth factor 1

Butovsky, O., Koronyo-Hamaoui, M., Kunis, G., Ophir, E., Landa, G., Cohen, H., & Schwartz, M. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0604681103 · Cited by 388 · see citing works

The cognitive paradigm and the immunological homunculus

Cohen, I. R. (1992) · Immunology Today · doi:10.1016/0167-5699(92)90024-2 · Cited by 379 · see citing works

Altered cytokine production in the elderly

Rink, L., Cakman, I., & Kirchner, H. (1998) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(97)00153-x · Cited by 378 · see citing works

Passive or Active Immunization with Myelin Basic Protein Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Contusion

Hauben, E., Butovsky, O., Nevo, U., Yoles, E., Moalem‐Taylor, G., Agranov, E., Mor, F., Leibowitz‐Amit, R., Pevsner, E., AKSELROD, S., et al. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-17-06421.2000 · Cited by 367 · see citing works

Leukocyte traffic in the central nervous system: the participants and their roles

Hickey, W. F. (1999) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1006/smim.1999.0168 · Cited by 345 · see citing works

Protective Autoimmunity Is a Physiological Response to CNS Trauma

Yoles, E., Hauben, E., Palgi, O., Agranov, E., Gothilf, A., Cohen, A., Kuchroo, V. K., Cohen, I. R., Weiner, H. L., & Schwartz, M. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-11-03740.2001 · Cited by 344 · see citing works

Therapeutic immunization protects dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Benner, E. J., Mosley, R. L., Destache, C. J., Lewis, T. B., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., Gorantla, S., Nemachek, C., Green, S. R., Przedborski, S., & Gendelman, H. E. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0400569101 · Cited by 321 · see citing works

IFN-γ-dependent activation of the brain’s choroid plexus for CNS immune surveillance and repair

Kunis, G., Baruch, K., Rosenzweig, N., Kertser, A., Miller, O., Berkutzki, T., & Schwartz, M. (2013) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt259 · Cited by 321 · see citing works

Trial of celecoxib in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Cudkowicz, M., Shefner, J. M., Schoenfeld, D., Zhang, H., Andreasson, K. I., Rothstein, J. D., & Drachman, D. B. (2006) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20903 · Cited by 302 · see citing works

CNS-specific immunity at the choroid plexus shifts toward destructive Th2 inflammation in brain aging

Baruch, K., Ron‐Harel, N., Gal, H., Deczkowska, A., Shifrut, E., Ndifon, W. O., Mirlas-Neisberg, N., Cardon, M., Vaknin, I., Cahalon, L., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1211270110 · Cited by 296 · see citing works

Vaccination for protection of retinal ganglion cells against death from glutamate cytotoxicity and ocular hypertension: Implications for glaucoma

Schori, H., Kipnis, J., Yoles, E., WoldeMussie, E., Ruíz, G., Wheeler, L. A., & Schwartz, M. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.041609498 · Cited by 286 · see citing works

Microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages: functionally distinct populations that act in concert in CNS plasticity and repair

London, A., Cohen, M., & Schwartz, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00034 · Cited by 282 · see citing works

Localizing CNS immune surveillance: Meningeal APCs activate T cells during EAE

Kivisäkk, P., Imitola, J., Rasmussen, S., Elyaman, W., Zhu, B., Ransohoff, R., & Khoury, S. J. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21379 · Cited by 281 · see citing works

Neuroprotective autoimmunity: Naturally occurring CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells suppress the ability to withstand injury to the central nervous system

Kipnis, J., Mizrahi, T., Hauben, E., Shaked, I., Shevach, E. M., & Schwartz, M. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.232565399 · Cited by 265 · see citing works

Natural Naive CD4+CD25+CD127low Regulatory T Cell (Treg) Development and Function Are Disturbed in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Recovery of Memory Treg Homeostasis during Disease Progression

Venken, K., Hellings, N., Broekmans, T., Hensen, K., Rummens, J., & Stinissen, P. (2008) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.9.6411 · Cited by 260 · see citing works

The Th1 life cycle: molecular control of IFN-γ to IL-10 switching

Cope, A. P., Friec, G. L., Cardone, J., & Kemper, C. (2011) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2011.03.010 · Cited by 249 · see citing works

The Blood–Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier: Structure and Functional Significance

Johanson, C. E., Stopa, E. G., & McMillan, P. N. (2010) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-938-3_4 · Cited by 249 · see citing works

Pro-cognitive properties of T cells

Kipnis, J., Gadani, S., & Derecki, N. C. (2012) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3280 · Cited by 246 · see citing works

ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MAdCAM-1 are expressed on choroid plexus epithelium but not endothelium and mediate binding of lymphocytes in vitro.

Steffen, B. J., Breier, G., Butcher, E. C., Schulz, M., & Engelhardt, B. (1996) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 245 · see citing works

Systemic inflammatory cells fight off neurodegenerative disease

Schwartz, M., & Shechter, R. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2010.71 · Cited by 240 · see citing works

Neuronal Survival after CNS Insult Is Determined by a Genetically Encoded Autoimmune Response

Kipnis, J., Yoles, E., Schori, H., Hauben, E., Shaked, I., & Schwartz, M. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-13-04564.2001 · Cited by 230 · see citing works

Harnessing monocyte‐derived macrophages to control central nervous system pathologies: no longer ‘if’ but ‘how’

Shechter, R., & Schwartz, M. (2012) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.4106 · Cited by 225 · see citing works

Differential adhesion molecule requirements for immune surveillance and inflammatory recruitment

Carrithers, M. D., Visintin, I., Kang, S. J., & Janeway, C. A. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.6.1092 · Cited by 220 · see citing works

Neuroprotection and progenitor cell renewal in the injured adult murine retina requires healing monocyte-derived macrophages

London, A., Itskovich, E., Benhar, I., Kalchenko, V., Mack, M., Jung, S., & Schwartz, M. (2011) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20101202 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

Posttraumatic therapeutic vaccination with modified myelin self-antigen prevents complete paralysis while avoiding autoimmune disease

Hauben, E., Agranov, E., Gothilf, A., Nevo, U., Cohen, A., Smirnov, I., Steinman, L., & Schwartz, M. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci12837 · Cited by 208 · see citing works

Flt3L controls the development of radiosensitive dendritic cells in the meninges and choroid plexus of the steady-state mouse brain

Anandasabapathy, N., Victora, G. D., Meredith, M. M., Feder, R. E., Dong, B., Kluger, C., Yao, K.-H., Dustin, M. L., Nussenzweig, M. C., Steinman, R. M., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20102657 · Cited by 207 · see citing works

The choroid plexus in the rise, fall and repair of the brain

Emerich, D. F., Skinner, S. J. M., Borlongan, C. V., Vasconcellos, A. V., & Thanos, C. G. (2005) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.20193 · Cited by 202 · see citing works

CNS-specific T cells shape brain function via the choroid plexus

Baruch, K., & Schwartz, M. (2013) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2013.04.002 · Cited by 195 · see citing works

Dopamine, through the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathway, Downregulates CD4+CD25+Regulatory T-Cell Activity: Implications for Neurodegeneration

Kipnis, J., Cardon, M., Avidan, H., Lewitus, G. M., Mordechay, S., Rolls, A., Shani, Y., & Schwartz, M. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0600-04.2004 · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Graft-vs.-host disease elicits expression of class I and class II histocompatibility antigens and the presence of scattered T lymphocytes in rat central nervous system.

Hickey, W. F., & Kimura, H. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.7.2082 · Cited by 175 · see citing works

Dual effect of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in neurodegeneration: A dialogue with microglia

Kipnis, J., Avidan, H., Caspi, R., & Schwartz, M. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.0404842101 · Cited by 175 · see citing works

Discussion

(1997) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01849-0 · Cited by 174 · see citing works

Microglial progenitors with a high proliferative potential in the embryonic and adult mouse brain.

Alliot, F., Lecain, É., Grima, B., & Pessac, B. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1541 · Cited by 174 · see citing works

Mutant SOD1^G93A microglia are more neurotoxic relative to wild‐type microglia

Xiao, Q., Zhao, W., Beers, D. R., Yen, A. A., Xie, W., Henkel, J. S., & Appel, S. H. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04677.x · Cited by 174 · see citing works

The Family of IL-10-Secreting CD4+ T Cells

Fujio, K., Okamura, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2010) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(10)05004-2 · Cited by 171 · see citing works

The Inflamed Central Nervous System Drives the Activation and Rapid Proliferation of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells

O’Connor, R. A., Malpass, K., & Anderton, S. M. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.179.2.958 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Selective ablation of bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells increases amyloid plaques in a mouse Alzheimer's disease model

Butovsky, O., Kunis, G., Koronyo‐Hamaoui, M., & Schwartz, M. (2007) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05652.x · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Clearance of Amyloid-β Peptides By Microglia and Macrophages: the Issue of What, When and Where

Lai, A. Y., & McLaurin, J. (2012) · Future Neurology · doi:10.2217/fnl.12.6 · Cited by 161 · see citing works

Human regulatory T cells and autoimmunity

Costantino, C. M., Baecher‐Allan, C., & Hafler, D. A. (2008) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200738104 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

What is “inflammation”? Are we ready to move beyond Celsus?

Scott, A., Khan, K. M., Cook, J. L., & Duronio, V. (2004) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.011221 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

The Role of the Choroid Plexus in Neutrophil Invasion after Traumatic Brain Injury

Szmydynger‐Chodobska, J., Strazielle, N., Zink, B. J., Ghersi‐Egea, J., & Chodobski, A. (2009) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.71 · Cited by 151 · see citing works

Increased cytotoxic potential of microglia from ALS‐transgenic mice

Weydt, P., Yuen, E., Ransom, B. R., & Möller, T. (2004) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20062 · Cited by 147 · see citing works

Butovsky, O. et al. Glatiramer acetate fights against Alzheimer's disease by inducing dendritic-like microglia expressing insulin-like growth factor 1. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 11784-11789

Butovsky, O., Koronyo‐Hamaoui, M., Kunis, G., Ophir, E., Landa, G., Cohen, H., & Schwartz, M. (2006) · Cited by 144 · see citing works

Myelin specific Th1 cells are necessary for post-traumatic protective autoimmunity

Kipnis, J., Yoles, E., Mizrahi, T., Ben-Nur, A., & Schwartz, M. (2002) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00219-9 · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Brain antigen-reactive CD4+ T cells are sufficient to support learning behavior in mice with limited T cell repertoire

Radjavi, A., Smirnov, I., & Kipnis, J. (2013) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2013.08.013 · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Immune-Based Therapy for Spinal Cord Repair: Autologous Macrophages and Beyond

Schwartz, M., & Yoles, E. (2006) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.360 · Cited by 131 · see citing works

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the rat: lessons in T‐cell immunology and autoreactivity

Swanborg, R. H. (2001) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1840112.x · Cited by 130 · see citing works

Posttraumatic Invasion of Monocytes across the Blood—Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier

Szmydynger-Chodobska, J., Strazielle, N., Gandy, J., Keefe, T. H., Zink, B., Ghersi-Egea, J., & Chodobski, A. (2012) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2011.111 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Protective autoimmunity functions by intracranial immunosurveillance to support the mind: The missing link between health and disease

Schwartz, M., & Shechter, R. (2010) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2010.31 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Molecular biology of the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers: similarities and differences

Redzic, Z. B. (2011) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/2045-8118-8-3 · Cited by 128 · see citing works

Age-related increase of tumor susceptibility is associated with myeloid-derived suppressor cell mediated suppression of T cell cytotoxicity in recombinant inbred BXD12 mice

Grizzle, W. E., Xu, X., Zhang, S., Stockard, C. R., Liu, C., Yu, S., Wang, J., Mountz, J. D., & Zhang, H. (2007) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2007.10.003 · Cited by 120 · see citing works

Glatiramer acetate improves regulatory T-cell function by expansion of naive CD4+CD25+FOXP3+CD31+ T-cells in patients with multiple sclerosis

Haas, J., Korporal, M., Balint, B., Fritzsching, B., Schwarz, A., & Wildemann, B. (2009) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.06.011 · Cited by 119 · see citing works

Autoreactive T cells promote post-traumatic healing in the central nervous system

Hofstetter, H. H., Sewell, D. L., Liu, F., Sándor, M., Forsthuber, T. G., Lehmann, P., & Fábry, Z. (2003) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00358-2 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

The path from the choroid plexus to the subventricular zone: go with the flow!

Falcão, A. M. (2012) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2012.00034 · Cited by 98 · see citing works

MyD88-deficient bone marrow cells accelerate onset and reduce survival in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Kang, J., & Rivest, S. (2007) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200705046 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

CD4+ T cells from Copolymer-1 immunized mice protect dopaminergic neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine model of Parkinson's disease

Laurie, C. D., Reynolds, A., Coskun, O., Bowman, E., Gendelman, H. E., & Mosley, R. L. (2006) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.11.009 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

Resistance of retinal ganglion cells to an increase in intraocular pressure is immune-dependent.

Bakalash, S., Kipnis, J., Yoles, E., & Schwartz, M. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 88 · see citing works

Dual action of glatiramer acetate (Cop-1) in the treatment of CNS autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders

Kipnis, J., & Schwartz, M. (2002) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1471-4914(02)02373-0 · Cited by 87 · see citing works

Lesional Accumulation of CD163+ Macrophages/microglia in Rat Traumatic Brain Injury

Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z.-Y., Wu, Y., & Schluesener, H. J. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.04.038 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

T-cell-based vaccination for morphological and functional neuroprotection in a rat model of chronically elevated intraocular pressure

Bakalash, S., Shlomo, G. B., Aloni, E., Shaked, I., Wheeler, L. A., Ofri, R., & Schwartz, M. (2005) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-005-0689-6 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

Role of genetic background in P selectin-dependent immune surveillance of the central nervous system

Carrithers, M. D., Visintin, I., Viret, C., & Janeway, C. A. (2002) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00172-8 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

The role of regulatory T cells in neurodegenerative diseases

HeFeng, F. Q., & Balling, R. (2012) · WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1187 · Cited by 79 · see citing works

Neuroprotection by T-cells depends on their subtype and activation state

Wolf, S. A., Fisher, J., Bechmann, I., Steiner, B., Kwidzinski, E., & Nitsch, R. (2002) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00367-3 · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Increased Foxp3+ Treg cell activity reduces dendritic cell co-stimulatory molecule expression in aged mice

Chiu, B., Stolberg, V. R., Zhang, H., & Chensue, S. W. (2007) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2007.09.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works

Non-Identical Twins – Microglia and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Acute Injury and Autoimmune Inflammation

Jung, S., & Schwartz, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00089 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

In the beginning

Ransohoff, R. M. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/462041a · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Traumatic Injury and the Presence of Antigen Differentially Contribute to T-Cell Recruitment in the CNS

Ling, C., Sándor, M., Suresh, M., & Fábry, Z. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3502-05.2006 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Excess Circulating Alternatively Activated Myeloid (M2) Cells Accelerate ALS Progression While Inhibiting Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Vaknin, I., Kunis, G., Miller, O., Butovsky, O., Bukshpan, S., Beers, D. R., Henkel, J. S., Yoles, E., Appel, S., & Schwartz, M. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026921 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

The circulatory systemic environment as a modulator of neurogenesis and brain aging

Villeda, S., & Wyss‐Coray, T. (2012) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2012.10.014 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

Motor neuron–immune interactions: the vicious circle of ALS

Barbeito, A. G., Mesci, P., & Boillée, S. (2010) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-010-0429-0 · Cited by 53 · see citing works

Immune cell entry to the CNS — a focus for immunoregulation of EAE

Owens, T., Tran, E., Hassan‐Zahraee, M., & Krakowski, M. L. (1998) · Research in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s0923-2494(99)80005-4 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Lymphocytes in neuroprotection, cognition and emotion: Is intolerance really the answer?

Rook, G. A. W., Lowry, C. A., & Raison, C. L. (2010) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2010.12.005 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Comparison of ventricular and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid T cells in non-inflammatory neurological disorder (NIND) patients

Provencio, J. J., Kivisäkk, P., Tucky, B. H., Luciano, M. G., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.03.003 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Therapeutic immunization with a glatiramer acetate derivative does not alter survival in G93A and G37R SOD1 mouse models of familial ALS

Haenggeli, C., Julien, J., Mosley, R. L., Perez, N., Dhar, A., Gendelman, H. E., & Rothstein, J. D. (2006) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.12.013 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Normal cerebrospinal fluid suppresses the in vitro development of cytotoxic T cells: Role of the brain microenvironment in CNS immune regulation1This work was supported by research grants from the American Cancer Society (IRG 45-36), the National Institutes of Health (RO1 NS33070-03), and the Brain Tumor Society.1

Gordon, L. B., Nolan, S. C., Ksander, B. R., Knopf, P. M., & Harling‐Berg, C. J. (1998) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00077-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Results from five prospective cohort studies

Fondell, E., O’Reilly, É. J., Fitzgerald, K. C., Falcone, G. J., McCullough, M. L., Thun, M. J., Park, Y., Kolonel, L. N., & Ascherio, A. (2012) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis · doi:10.3109/17482968.2012.703209 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Immunity to self and self-maintenance: what can tumor immunology teach us about ALS and Alzheimer's disease?

SCHWARTZ, M., & Ziv, Y. (2008) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.03.006 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

CC Chemokine Receptors

Murphy, P. M. (2007) · xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference · doi:10.1016/b978-008055232-3.60184-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Glatiramer acetate immunization induces specific antibody and cytokine responses in ALS patients

Mosley, R. L., Gordon, P. H., Hasiak, C. M., Wetering, F. J. V., Mitsumoto, H., & Gendelman, H. E. (2007) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis · doi:10.1080/17482960701374601 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Application of Glatiramer Acetate to Neurodegenerative Diseases beyond Multiple Sclerosis

Schwartz, M., Bukshpan, S., & Kunis, G. (2008) · BioDrugs · doi:10.2165/00063030-200822050-00002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development

Zhang, W., Xiao, D., Mao, Q., & Xia, H. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01486-5 · Cited by 1,668 · see citing works

The role of inflammation in perinatal brain injury

Hagberg, H., Mallard, C. E., Ferriero, D. M., Vannucci, S. J., Levison, S. W., Vexler, Z. S., & Gressèns, P. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.13 · Cited by 832 · see citing works

Development and functions of the choroid plexus–cerebrospinal fluid system

Lun, M. P., Monuki, E. S., & Lehtinen, M. K. (2015) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3921 · Cited by 682 · see citing works

Aging-induced type I interferon response at the choroid plexus negatively affects brain function

Baruch, K., Deczkowska, A., David, E., Castellano, J. M., Miller, O., Kertser, A., Berkutzki, T., Barnett-Itzhaki, Z., Bezalel, D., Wyss-Coray, T., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1252945 · Cited by 615 · see citing works

Inflammatory Response in the CNS: Friend or Foe?

Sochocka, M., Diniz, B. S., & Leszek, J. (2017) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-016-0297-1 · Cited by 573 · see citing works

Breaking immune tolerance by targeting Foxp3+ regulatory T cells mitigates Alzheimer’s disease pathology

Baruch, K., Rosenzweig, N., Kertser, A., Deczkowska, A., Sharif, A. M., Spinrad, A., Tsitsou-Kampeli, A., Sarel, A., Cahalon, L., & Schwartz, M. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms8967 · Cited by 491 · see citing works

The Glymphatic System: A Novel Component of Fundamental Neurobiology

Hablitz, L. M., & Nedergaard, M. (2021) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0619-21.2021 · Cited by 480 · see citing works

Molecular anatomy and functions of the choroidal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in health and disease

Ghersi-Egea, J.-F., Strazielle, N., Catala, M., Silva-Vargas, V., Doetsch, F., & Engelhardt, B. (2018) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-018-1807-1 · Cited by 436 · see citing works

PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade reduces pathology and improves memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease

Baruch, K., Deczkowska, A., Rosenzweig, N., Tsitsou-Kampeli, A., Sharif, A. M., Matcovitch-Natan, O., Kertser, A., David, E., Amit, I., & Schwartz, M. (2016) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4022 · Cited by 425 · see citing works

The adaptive immune system restrains Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis by modulating microglial function

Marsh, S. E., Abud, E. M., Lakatos, A., Karimzadeh, A., Yeung, S. T., Davtyan, H., Fote, G. M., Lau, L., Weinger, J. G., Lane, T. E., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1525466113 · Cited by 411 · see citing works

Neuroimmune Axes of the Blood–Brain Barriers and Blood–Brain Interfaces: Bases for Physiological Regulation, Disease States, and Pharmacological Interventions

Erickson, M. A., & Banks, W. A. (2018) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.117.014647 · Cited by 393 · see citing works

Ontogeny and homeostasis of CNS myeloid cells

Prinz, M., Erny, D., & Hagemeyer, N. (2017) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.3703 · Cited by 391 · see citing works

A cellular and spatial map of the choroid plexus across brain ventricles and ages

Dani, N., Herbst, R. H., McCabe, C., Green, G. S., Kaiser, K., Head, J. P., Cui, J., Shipley, F. B., Jang, A., Dionne, D., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.003 · Cited by 388 · see citing works

Regulatory T cells delay disease progression in Alzheimer-like pathology

Dansokho, C., Ahmed, D. A., Aïd, S., Toly‐Ndour, C., Chaigneau, T., Calle, V., Cagnard, N., Holzenberger, M., Piaggio, E., Aucouturier, P., et al. (2016) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awv408 · Cited by 359 · see citing works

Th17 lymphocytes induce neuronal cell death in a human iPSC-based model of Parkinson's disease

Sommer, A., Marxreiter, F., Krach, F., Fadler, T., Grosch, J., Maroni, M., Graef, D., Eberhardt, E., Riemenschneider, M. J., Yeo, G. W., et al. (2018) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.06.015 · Cited by 332 · see citing works

Systemic inflammation and the brain: novel roles of genetic, molecular, and environmental cues as drivers of neurodegeneration

Sankowski, R., Mader, S., & Valdés-Ferrer, S. I. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00028 · Cited by 351 · see citing works

The integration of inflammaging in age-related diseases

Fülöp, T., Witkowski, J. M., Olivieri, F., & Larbi, A. (2018) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2018.09.003 · Cited by 356 · see citing works

ApoE attenuates unresolvable inflammation by complex formation with activated C1q

Yin, C., Ackermann, S., Ma, Z., Mohanta, S. K., Zhang, C., Li, Y., Nietzsche, S., Westermann, M., Peng, L., Hu, D., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0336-8 · Cited by 305 · see citing works

Neuroinflammation in frontotemporal dementia

Bright, F., Werry, E. L., Dobson-Stone, C., Piguet, O., Ittner, L. M., Halliday, G. M., Hodges, J. R., Kiernan, M. C., Loy, C. T., Kassiou, M., et al. (2019) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-019-0231-z · Cited by 280 · see citing works

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol: Mechanistic Insights

Coutinho, D. D. S., Pacheco, M. T., Frozza, R. L., & Bernardi, A. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19061812 · Cited by 298 · see citing works

The dual roles of cytokines in Alzheimer’s disease: update on interleukins, TNF-α, TGF-β and IFN-γ

Zheng, C., Zhou, X.-W., & Wang, J.-Z. (2016) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-016-0054-4 · Cited by 292 · see citing works

Neuroinflammation in Bipolar Depression

Benedetti, F., Aggio, V., Pratesi, M. L., Greco, G., & Furlan, R. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00071 · Cited by 281 · see citing works

Identification of a choroid plexus vascular barrier closing during intestinal inflammation

Carloni, S., Bertocchi, A., Mancinelli, S., Bellini, M., Erreni, M., Borreca, A., Braga, D., Giugliano, S., Mozzarelli, A. M., Manganaro, D., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc6108 · Cited by 272 · see citing works

Insulin Resistance and Alzheimer’s Disease: Bioenergetic Linkages

Neth, B., & Craft, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00345 · Cited by 263 · see citing works

Ionizing Radiation-Induced Immune and Inflammatory Reactions in the Brain

Lumniczky, K., Szatmári, T., & Sáfrány, G. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00517 · Cited by 228 · see citing works

Neurological Disease as a Failure of Brain-Immune Crosstalk: The Multiple Faces of Neuroinflammation

Schwartz, M., & Deczkowska, A. (2016) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2016.08.001 · Cited by 246 · see citing works

Emergence and Developmental Roles of the Cerebrospinal Fluid System

Fame, R. M., & Lehtinen, M. K. (2020) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.027 · Cited by 199 · see citing works

Gut dysbiosis, defective autophagy and altered immune responses in neurodegenerative diseases: Tales of a vicious cycle

Chidambaram, S. B., Essa, M. M., Rathipriya, A. G., Bishir, M., Ray, B., Mahalakshmi, A. M., Tousif, A. H., Sakharkar, M. K., Kashyap, R. S., Friedland, R. P., et al. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107988 · Cited by 204 · see citing works

Toxoplasma gondii‐induced neuronal alterations

Parlog, A., Schlüter, D., & Dunay, I. R. (2014) · Parasite Immunology · doi:10.1111/pim.12157 · Cited by 199 · see citing works

Immune Surveillance of the CNS following Infection and Injury

Russo, M. V., & McGavern, D. B. (2015) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2015.08.002 · Cited by 191 · see citing works

Choroid Plexus Enlargement in Inflammatory Multiple Sclerosis: 3.0-T MRI and Translocator Protein PET Evaluation

Ricigliano, V. A. G., Morena, E., Colombi, A., Tonietto, M., Hamzaoui, M., Poirion, É., Bottlaender, M., Gervais, P., Louapre, C., Bodini, B., et al. (2021) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2021204426 · Cited by 188 · see citing works

Effects of inflammation on stem cells: together they strive?

Kızıl, Ç., Kyritsis, N., & Brand, M. (2015) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.201439702 · Cited by 180 · see citing works

The Choroid Plexus in Healthy and Diseased Brain

Kaur, C., Rathnasamy, G., & Ling, E.-A. (2016) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/nlv030 · Cited by 176 · see citing works

Aging Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Stroke Risk and Outcome

Honarpisheh, P., Bryan, R. M., & McCullough, L. D. (2022) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.122.319983 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

Tissue-resident macrophages: guardians of organ homeostasis

Nobs, S. P., & Köpf, M. (2021) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2021.04.007 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

Immunology of COVID‐19: Mechanisms, clinical outcome, diagnostics, and perspectives—A report of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)

Sokołowska, M., Łukasik, Z. M., Agache, I. O., Akdiş, C. A., Akdiş, D., Akdiş, M., Barcik, W., Brough, H. A., Eiwegger, T., Eljaszewicz, A., et al. (2020) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.14462 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Role of the peripheral innate immune system in the development of Alzheimer's disease

Page, A. Y. L., Dupuis, G., Frost, E. H., Larbi, A., Pawelec, G., Witkowski, J. M., & Fülöp, T. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.019 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

The choroid plexus synergizes with immune cells during neuroinflammation

Xu, H., Lotfy, P., Gelb, S., Pragana, A., Hehnly, C., Byer, L. I. J., Shipley, F. B., Zawadzki, M. E., Cui, J., Deng, L., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.002 · Cited by 157 · see citing works

The choroid plexus links innate immunity to CSF dysregulation in hydrocephalus

Robert, S. M., Reeves, B. C., Kiziltug, E., Duy, P. Q., Karimy, J. K., Mansuri, M. S., Marlier, A., Allington, G., Greenberg, A. B. W., DeSpenza, T., et al. (2023) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.017 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

The choroid plexus—a multi-role player during infectious diseases of the CNS

Schwerk, C., Tenenbaum, T., Kim, K. S., & Schroten, H. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00080 · Cited by 147 · see citing works

Reconceptualization of translocator protein as a biomarker of neuroinflammation in psychiatry

Notter, T., Coughlin, J. M., Sawa, A., & Meyer, U. (2017) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2017.232 · Cited by 142 · see citing works

Insights on the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease: The crosstalk between amyloid pathology, neuroinflammation and the peripheral immune system

Dá Mesquita, S., Ferreira, A. C., Sousa, J. C., Correia-Neves, M., Sousa, N., & Marques, F. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.014 · Cited by 166 · see citing works

Adenosine receptor signaling: a key to opening the blood–brain door

Bynoe, M. S., Viret, C., Yan, A., & Kim, D.-G. (2015) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-015-0017-7 · Cited by 139 · see citing works

The Characterization of Regulatory T-Cell Profiles in Alzheimer’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis

Ciccocioppo, F., Lanuti, P., Pierdomenico, L., Simeone, P., Bologna, G., Ercolino, E., Buttari, F., Fantozzi, R., Thomas, A., ONOFRJ, M. C., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45433-3 · Cited by 139 · see citing works

Niches for the Long-Term Maintenance of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells

Takamura, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01214 · Cited by 123 · see citing works

Current Trends in Neurodegeneration: Cross Talks between Oxidative Stress, Cell Death, and Inflammation

Behl, T., Makkar, R., Sehgal, A., Singh, S., Sharma, N., Zengin, G., BUNGAU, S. G., Andronie-Cioară, F. L., Munteanu, M. A., Brisc, M. C., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22147432 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Inflammation of the Embryonic Choroid Plexus Barrier following Maternal Immune Activation

Cui, J., Shipley, F. B., Shannon, M. L., Alturkistani, O., Dani, N., Webb, M. D., Sugden, A. U., Andermann, M. L., & Lehtinen, M. K. (2020) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2020.09.020 · Cited by 128 · see citing works

Type I/II Interferon Balance in the Regulation of Brain Physiology and Pathology

Deczkowska, A., Baruch, K., & Schwartz, M. (2016) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2016.01.006 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Macrophages and Cardiovascular Health

Frodermann, V., & Nahrendorf, M. (2018) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00068.2017 · Cited by 126 · see citing works

The choroid plexus is a key cerebral invasion route for T cells after stroke

Llovera, G., Benakis, C., Enzmann, G. U., Cai, R., Arzberger, T., Ghasemigharagoz, A., Mao, X., Malik, R., Lazarevic, I., Liebscher, S., et al. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1758-y · Cited by 124 · see citing works

The role of transmitter diffusion and flow versus extracellular vesicles in volume transmission in the brain neural–glial networks

Borroto‐Escuela, D. O., Agnati, L. F., Bechter, K., Jansson, A., Tarakanov, A. O., & Fuxé, K. (2015) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0183 · Cited by 121 · see citing works

Obesity-induced inflammation: connecting the periphery to the brain

Le Thuc, O., & García-Cáceres, C. (2024) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-024-01079-8 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: insights from peripheral immune cells

Zhang, Q., Yang, G., Luo, Y., Jiang, L., Chi, H., & Tian, G. (2024) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-024-00445-0 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Comparative transcriptomics of choroid plexus in Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia and Huntington’s disease: implications for CSF homeostasis

Stopa, E. G., Tanis, K. Q., Miller, M. C., Nikonova, E. V., Podtelezhnikov, A. A., Finney, E. M., Stone, D. J., Camargo, L. M., Parker, L., Verma, A. M., et al. (2018) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-018-0102-9 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Dynamics of T cell responses after stroke.

Gill, D., & Veltkamp, R. (2016) · Current opinion in pharmacology (Print) · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2015.09.009 · Cited by 116 · see citing works

Immune Response in Neurological Pathology: Emerging Role of Central and Peripheral Immune Crosstalk

Passaro, A. P., Lebos, A. L., Yao, Y., & Stice, S. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.676621 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Tracking Calcium Dynamics and Immune Surveillance at the Choroid Plexus Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Interface

Shipley, F. B., Dani, N., Xu, H., Deister, C., Cui, J., Head, J. P., Sadegh, C., Fame, R. M., Shannon, M. L., Flores, V. I., et al. (2020) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.08.024 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Meningeal macrophages protect against viral neuroinfection

Rebejac, J., Eme‐Scolan, E., Arnaud, L., Kharbouche, S., Teleman, M., Spinelli, L., Gallo, E., Roussel‐Queval, A., Zarubica, A., Sansoni, A., et al. (2022) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2022.10.005 · Cited by 115 · see citing works

Central nervous system myeloid cells as drug targets: current status and translational challenges

Biber, K. P. H., Möller, T., Boddeke, E., & Prinz, M. (2015) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd.2015.14 · Cited by 111 · see citing works

Macrophages on the margin: choroid plexus immune responses

Cui, J., Xu, H., & Lehtinen, M. K. (2021) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2021.07.002 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Fluid-Based Biomarkers for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Vu, L. T., & Bowser, R. P. (2016) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-016-0503-x · Cited by 108 · see citing works

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal models with neuroinflammation: An update

Trépanier, M., Hopperton, K. E., Orr, S. K., & Bazinet, R. P. (2015) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.045 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

Choroid plexus enlargement is associated with neuroinflammation and reduction of blood brain barrier permeability in depression

Althubaity, N., Schubert, J. J., Martins, D., Yousaf, T., Nettis, M. A., Mondelli, V., Pariante, C. M., Harrison, N. A., Bullmore, E. T., Dima, D., et al. (2021) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102926 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Glial scar and immune cell involvement in tissue remodeling and repair following acute CNS injuries

Rapôso, C., & Schwartz, M. (2014) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22676 · Cited by 107 · see citing works

T Lymphocytes and Inflammatory Mediators in the Interplay between Brain and Blood in Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential Pools of New Biomarkers

Mietelska‐Porowska, A., & Wojda, U. (2017) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2017/4626540 · Cited by 107 · see citing works

Complement: Bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems in sterile inflammation

Lo, M. W., & Woodruff, T. M. (2020) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.3mir0220-270r · Cited by 106 · see citing works

Choroid Plexus Volume in Multiple Sclerosis vs Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Müller, J., Sinnecker, T., Wendebourg, M. J., Schlaeger, R., Kühle, J., Schädelin, S., Benkert, P., Derfuss, T. J., Cattin, P. C., Jud, C., et al. (2022) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000001147 · Cited by 106 · see citing works

Immunization with a Myelin-Derived Antigen Activates the Brain's Choroid Plexus for Recruitment of Immunoregulatory Cells to the CNS and Attenuates Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of ALS

Kunis, G., Baruch, K., Miller, O., & Schwartz, M. (2015) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3644-14.2015 · Cited by 105 · see citing works

Chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection enhances β-amyloid phagocytosis and clearance by recruited monocytes

Möhle, L., Israël, N., Paarmann, K., Krohn, M., Pietkiewicz, S., Müller, A. J., Lavrik, I. N., Buguliskis, J. S., Schott, B. H., Schlüter, D., et al. (2016) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-016-0293-8 · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Monocyte infiltration and proliferation reestablish myeloid cell homeostasis in the mouse retina following retinal pigment epithelial cell injury

Ma, W., Zhang, Y., Gao, C., Fariss, R. N., Tam, J., & Wong, W. T. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08702-7 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Enriched environment decreases microglia and brain macrophages inflammatory phenotypes through adiponectin-dependent mechanisms: Relevance to depressive-like behavior

Chabry, J., Nicolas, S., Cazareth, J., Murris, E., Guyon, A., Glaichenhaus, N., Heurteaux, C., & Petit-Paitel, A. (2015) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.07.018 · Cited by 96 · see citing works

Dissecting functional phenotypes of microglia and macrophages in the rat brain after transient cerebral ischemia

Rajan, W. D., Wojtaś, B., Gielniewski, B., Gieryng, A., Zawadzka, M., & Kaminska, B. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23536 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: Involvement of the choroid plexus

Čarná, M. E., Onyango, I. G., Katina, S., Holub, D., Novotný, J., Nezvedová, M., Jha, D., Nedelská, Z., Lacovich, V., Vyvere, T. V., et al. (2023) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12970 · Cited by 96 · see citing works

Immune System Activation and Depression: Roles of Serotonin in the Central Nervous System and Periphery

Robson, M. J., Quinlan, M. A., & Blakely, R. (2017) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00412 · Cited by 95 · see citing works

Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Jeromin, A., & Bowser, R. (2017) · Advances in Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57193-5_20 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA levels in Parkinson’s disease are influenced by treatment

Lowes, H., Pyle, A., Santibanez‐Koref, M., & Hudson, G. (2020) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-020-00362-y · Cited by 92 · see citing works

Cilia in the choroid plexus: their roles in hydrocephalus and beyond

Narita, K., & Takeda, S. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00039 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

The immune system on the TRAIL of Alzheimer’s disease

Burgaletto, C., Munafò, A., Benedetto, G. D., Francisci, C. D., Caraci, F., Mauro, R. D., Bucolo, C., Bernardini, R., & Cantarella, G. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01968-1 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

‘As above, so below’ examining the interplay between emotion and the immune system

Brod, S., Rattazzi, L., Piras, G., & D’Acquisto, F. (2014) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12341 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

Choroid Plexus Enlargement and Allostatic Load in Schizophrenia

Zhou, Y., Huang, J., Zhang, P., Fan, F., Chen, S., Fan, H., Cui, Y., Luο, X., Tan, S., Wang, Z., et al. (2019) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbz100 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

Breaking peripheral immune tolerance to CNS antigens in neurodegenerative diseases: Boosting autoimmunity to fight-off chronic neuroinflammation

Schwartz, M., & Baruch, K. (2014) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.08.002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

The role of neutrophils in the dysfunction of central nervous system barriers

Santos-Lima, B., Pietronigro, E. C., Terrabuio, E., Zenaro, E., & Constantin, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.965169 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Sphingolipids in neuroinflammation: a potential target for diagnosis and therapy

Lee, J. Y., Jin, H. K., & Bae, J.-S. (2020) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.1.278 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

The Trojan horse - neuroinflammatory impact of T cells in neurodegenerative diseases

Sommer, A., Winner, B., & Prots, I. (2017) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-017-0222-8 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

M2 Macrophage Transplantation Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction in Amyloid-β-Treated Rats Through Regulation of Microglial Polarization

Zhu, D., Yang, N., Liu, Y., Zheng, J., Ji, C., & Zuo, P. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-151090 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Common Peripheral Immunity Mechanisms in Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease

Rossi, B., Santos-Lima, B., Terrabuio, E., Zenaro, E., & Constantin, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.639369 · Cited by 79 · see citing works

Choroid plexus function in neurological homeostasis and disorders: The awakening of the circadian clocks and orexins

Christensen, J., Li, C. N., & Mychasiuk, R. (2022) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x221082786 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

Choroid Plexus Aquaporins in CSF Homeostasis and the Glymphatic System: Their Relevance for Alzheimer’s Disease

Municio, C., Carrero, L., Antequera, D., & Carro, E. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24010878 · Cited by 77 · see citing works

Neuroinflammation: Mechanisms, Dual Roles, and Therapeutic Strategies in Neurological Disorders

García‐Domínguez, M. (2025) · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · doi:10.3390/cimb47060417 · Cited by 85 · see citing works

Cerebral nitric oxide represses choroid plexus NFκB‐dependent gateway activity for leukocyte trafficking

Baruch, K., Kertser, A., Porat, Z., & Schwartz, M. (2015) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201591468 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

Specialized Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators and Glial Cells: Emerging Candidates for Brain Homeostasis and Repair

Tiberi, M., & Chiurchiù, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.673549 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

Gene expression and functional annotation of human choroid plexus epithelium failure in Alzheimer’s disease

Bank, T. N. B., Bergen, A. A. B., Kaing, S., ten Brink, J. B., Gorgels, T. G. M. F., & Janssen, S. F. (2015) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2159-z · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Neurodegenerative diseases as proteinopathies-driven immune disorders

Lanuti, P., Ciccocioppo, F., Bologna, G., Ercolino, E., Pierdomenico, L., Simeone, P., Pieragostino, D., Boccio, P. D., Marchisio, M., & Miscia, S. (2019) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.268971 · Cited by 71 · see citing works

7T MRI cerebral leptomeningeal enhancement is common in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and is associated with cortical and thalamic lesions

Zurawski, J., Tauhid, S., Chu, R., Khalid, F., Healy, B., Weiner, H., & Bakshi, R. (2019) · Multiple Sclerosis · doi:10.1177/1352458519885106 · Cited by 61 · see citing works

Positron Emission Tomography with [ 18F ]‐ DPA ‐714 Unveils a Smoldering Component in Most Multiple Sclerosis Lesions which Drives Disease Progression

Hamzaoui, M., Garcia, J., Boffa, G., Lazzarotto, A., Absinta, M., Ricigliano, V. A. G., Soulier, T., Tonietto, M., Gervais, P., Bissery, A., et al. (2023) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26657 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Detrimental Effects of Alcohol-Induced Inflammation on Brain Health: From Neurogenesis to Neurodegeneration

Anand, S. K., Ahmad, M. H., Sahu, M. R., Subba, R., & Mondal, A. C. (2022) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-022-01308-2 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

The choroid plexus acts as an immune cell reservoir and brain entry site in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Lazarevic, I., Soldati, S. G., Mapunda, J. A., Rudolph, H., Rosito, M., de Oliveira, A. C., Enzmann, G. U., Nishihara, H., Ishikawa, H., Tenenbaum, T., et al. (2023) · Fluids and Barriers of the CNS · doi:10.1186/s12987-023-00441-4 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Adhesive capsulitis: An age related symptom of metabolic syndrome and chronic low-grade inflammation?

Pietrzak, M. (2016) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2016.01.002 · Cited by 66 · see citing works

Do not judge a cell by its cover—diversity of CNS resident, adjoining and infiltrating myeloid cells in inflammation

Brendecke, S. M., & Prinz, M. (2015) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-015-0520-6 · Cited by 65 · see citing works

Influenza vaccination in early Alzheimer’s disease rescues amyloidosis and ameliorates cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice by inhibiting regulatory T cells

Yang, Y., He, Z., Xing, Z., Zuo, Z., Yuan, L., Wu, Y., Jiang, M. H., Qi, F., & Yao, Z. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01741-4 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

The choroid plexus in inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system

Reynolds, J. A., & Putterman, C. (2025) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2025.102588 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The choroid plexus: both a gatekeeper and a conductor of neuroimmune communication

Hehnly, C., Lagares-Linares, C., Xu, H., & Lehtinen, M. K. (2026) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1093/jimmun/vkaf322 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

The choroid plexus synergizes with immune cells during neuroinflammation

Xu, H., Lotfy, P., Gelb, S., Pragana, A., Hehnly, C., Byer, L. I. J., Shipley, F. B., Zawadzki, M. E., Cui, J., Deng, L., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.002 · Cited by 157 · see citing works

The choroid plexus: a command center for brain–body communication during inflammation

Xu, H., Hehnly, C., & Lehtinen, M. K. (2025) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2025.102540 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Choroid plexus imaging to track neuroinflammation – a translational model for mouse and human studies

Muthuraman, M., Oshaghi, M., Fleischer, V., Ciolac, D., Othman, A. E., Meuth, S., González‐Escamilla, G., & Groppa, S. (2022) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.346471 · Cited by 9 · see citing works