Cited by 1,220Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effectsPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsCancer, Lipids, and Metabolism

The COX-2/PGE2 pathway, key roles in the hallmarks of cancer and adaptation to the tumour microenvironment

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Greenhough, A., Smartt, H. J.M., Moore, A. E., Roberts, H. R., Williams, A. C., Paraskeva, C., Kaidi, A.·2009·Carcinogenesis

Abstract

It is widely accepted that alterations to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the abundance of its enzymatic product prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) have key roles in influencing the development of colorectal cancer. Deregulation of the COX-2/PGE(2) pathway appears to affect colorectal tumorigenesis via a number of distinct mechanisms: promoting tumour maintenance and progression, encouraging metastatic spread, and perhaps even participating in tumour initiation. Here, we review the role of COX-2/PGE(2) signalling in colorectal tumorigenesis and highlight its ability to influence the hallmarks of cancer--attributes defined by Hanahan and Weinberg as being requisite for tumorigenesis. In addition, we consider components of the COX-prostaglandin pathway emerging as important regulators of tumorigenesis; namely, the prostanoid (EP) receptors, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and the prostaglandin transporter. Finally, based on recent findings, we propose a model for the cellular adaptation to the hypoxic tumour microenvironment that encompasses the interplay between COX-2, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and dynamic switches in beta-catenin function that fine-tune signalling networks to meet the ever-changing demands of a tumour.

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Crossref · 10.1093/carcin/bgp014

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  • HIF-1α-induced COX-2 expression leads to elevated PGE2 levels, which can induce PGE2-mediated vascularization.

    “HIF-1α-induced COX-2 expression leads to elevated PGE2 levels, which can induce PGE2-mediated vascularization [87,88].”

    From The Pathogenesis of Adenomyosis vis-à-vis Endometriosis (2020) · cites this paper as [87]

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Authors
Greenhough, A., Smartt, H. J. M., Moore, A. E., Roberts, H. R., Williams, A. C., Paraskeva, C., & Kaidi, A.
Affiliations
University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author
Paraskeva, C.
Venue
Carcinogenesis
Published
2009-01-09
Volume
30
Issue
3
Pages
377-386
ISSN
  • 0143-3334 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2180
OpenAlex
W2152064969
Cited by
1,220
References
166
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 81 · 2016: 85 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 89 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 58
FWCI
8.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Carcinogenesis (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
Funders
Cancer Research UK
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Keywords
cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, colorectal cancer, carcinogenesis, cancer hallmarks, tumor microenvironment, hypoxia, HIF-1, β-catenin, prostanoid receptors, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, prostaglandin transporter, metastasis, tumor initiation
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Movement, Humans, Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Colorectal Neoplasms, Dinoprostone, Signal Transduction, Cell Hypoxia, Receptors, Prostaglandin E, Organic Anion Transporters, beta Catenin, Cyclooxygenase 2, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

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