Direct Temporal-Occipital Feedback Connections to Striate Cortex (V1) in the Macaque Monkey
Abstract
Although there have been reports of sparse projections from temporal areas TE, TF, and even TH to area V1, it is generally believed that cortical afferents to V1 originate exclusively from prestriate areas. Injections of anterograde tracers in anterior occipital and temporal areas, however, consistently produce labeled terminals in area V1. In order to confirm these results and display the full range of foci projecting to V1, we injected V1 in two monkeys with the retrograde tracer fast blue. Feedback connections were found, as expected, from several prestriate areas (V2, V3, V4, and MT). These originate from neurons in layers 3A and 6. Connections were also found from several more distal regions, namely, areas TEO, TE, TF, TH, and from cortex in the occipitotemporal and superior temporal (STS) sulci. Filled neurons occurred in two small foci in the caudal intraparietal sulcus. These more distal feedback connections tend to originate only from layer 6. An additional injection of the retrograde tracer diamidino yellow in area V2 of one animal revealed a similarly widespread network of feedback connections. In some areas (in the STS and in TEO), 10-15% of fluorescent neurons were double-labeled. These results indicate that feedback connections to early visual cortex derive from a widespread network of areas, including limbic-associated cortices. These connectional patterns testify to the massive recursiveness of anatomical pathways. As there are no reports of projections from V1 to anterior temporal cortices, our results also indicate that some cortical feedback connections may not be strictly reciprocal.
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The number of reported connections of areas V1 and V2 expanded from a half-dozen to 20 inputs to V1 and 16 to V2.
“For example, the number of reported connections of areas V1 and V2 expanded from a half-dozen (Felleman and Van Essen 1991) to 20 inputs to V1 and 16 to V2 (Boussaoud et al. 1990, 1991; Felleman and Van Essen 1991; Rockland and Van Hoesen 1994; Rockland et al. 1994; Stepniewska and Kaas 1996; Felleman et al. 1997; Barone et al. 2000; Falchier et al. 2002; Clavagnier et al. 2004; Gattass et al. 200”
From A Weighted and Directed Interareal Connectivity Matrix for Macaque Cerebral Cortex (2014) · cites this paper as Rockland and Van Hoesen 1994
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- Authors
- Rockland, K. S., & Van Hoesen, G. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rockland, K. S.
- ORCID
- Rockland, K. S.
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1994-05-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 300-313
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W1984571973
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (EY 07058)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS014944, NS-14944, NS-19632)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Keywords
- feedback connections, primary visual cortex, temporal cortex, occipitotemporal cortex, superior temporal sulcus, intraparietal sulcus, prestriate cortex, layer 6, corticocortical connections, anterograde and retrograde tracing, macaque, reciprocal connections, limbic cortex
- MeSH terms
- Amidines, Animals, Feedback, Female, Fluorescent Dyes, Macaca, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca mulatta, Male, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Occipital Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Visual Cortex
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