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Creatine Supplementation Enhances Isometric Strength and Body Composition Improvements Following Strength Exercise Training in Older Adults
Abstract
We sought to determine whether creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation would enhance the increases in strength and fat-free mass that develop during resistance exercise training in older adults. Twenty-eight healthy men and women over the age of 65 years participated in a whole-body resistance exercise program 3 days per week for 14 weeks. The study participants were randomly allocated, in a double-blind fashion, to receive either CrM (5 g/d + 2 g of dextrose; n = 14) or placebo (7 g of dextrose; n = 14). The primary outcome measurements included the following: total body mass, fat-free mass, one-repetition maximum strength for each body part, isometric knee extension, handgrip, and dorsiflexion strength, chair stand performance, 30-m walk test, 14-stair climb performance, muscle fiber type and area, and intramuscular total creatine. Fourteen weeks of resistance exercise training resulted in significant increases in all measurements of strength and functional tasks and muscle fiber area for both groups (p <.05). CrM supplementation resulted in significantly greater increases in fat-free mass and total body mass, as compared with placebo (p <.05). The CrM group also showed a greater increase in isometric knee extension strength in men and women, as compared with placebo (p <.05), and also greater gains in isometric dorsiflexion strength (p <.05), but in men only. There was a significant increase in intramuscular total creatine in the CrM group (p <.05). Finally, there were no significant side effects of treatment or exercise training. This study confirms that supervised heavy resistance exercise training can safely increase muscle strength and functional capacity in older adults. The addition of CrM supplementation to the exercise stimulus enhanced the increase in total and fat-free mass, and gains in several indices of isometric muscle strength.
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“Some 173,206 but not all 172,207 studies show a muscle strength benefit with the use of creatine supplements in older people.”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [173]
In the citing paper
“In general, these agents have positive effects on lean body mass and strength, but the effects tend to be small and are not consistent.”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [173]
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Self-citationCurrent Evidence and Possible Future Applications of Creatine Supplementation for Older Adults
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Metadata
- Authors
- Brose, A., Parise, G., & Tarnopolsky, M. A.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- Venue
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-01-01
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- B11-B19
- ISSN
- 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-535X
- OpenAlex
- W2168090573
- Cited by
- 274
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hamilton Health Sciences
- McMaster University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- creatine monohydrate supplementation, resistance training, older adults, isometric strength, fat-free mass, body composition, functional capacity, muscle fiber area, grip strength, quadriceps strength, dextrose placebo
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Body Composition, Creatine, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Isometric Contraction, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance, Probability, Reference Values, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sex Factors, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fatigue, Dietary Supplements
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