Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

Koopman, René

doi:10.1017/s0029665110003927

Cited by 50Muscle metabolism and nutritionNutrition and Health in AgingMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

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Koopman, René·2011·Proceedings of The Nutrition Society

DOI 10.1017/s0029665110003927

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Abstract

Ageing is accompanied by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to the loss of functional capacity and an increased risk for developing chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes. The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass results from a chronic disruption in the balance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation. As basal muscle protein synthesis rates are likely not different between healthy young and elderly human subjects, it was proposed that muscles from older adults lack the ability to regulate the protein synthetic response to anabolic stimuli, such as food intake and physical activity. Indeed, the dose-response relationship between myofibrillar protein synthesis and the availability of essential amino acids and/or resistance exercise intensity is shifted down and to the right in elderly human subjects. This so-called 'anabolic resistance' represents a key factor responsible for the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass. Interestingly, long-term resistance exercise training is effective as a therapeutic intervention to augment skeletal muscle mass, and improves functional performance in the elderly. The consumption of different types of proteins, i.e. protein hydrolysates, can have different stimulatory effects on muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, which may be due to their higher rate of digestion and absorption. Current research aims to elucidate the interactions between nutrition, exercise and the skeletal muscle adaptive response that will define more effective strategies to maximise the therapeutic benefits of lifestyle interventions in the elderly.

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With aging, the normal balance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation is shifted toward net catabolism.
“With aging, the normal balance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation is shifted toward net catabolism, the body's anabolic response to dietary protein or amino acids is limited, 46,120,122,123 and the normal antiproteolytic response to insulin is impaired.46,124,125”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [122]
With aging, the body's anabolic response to dietary protein or amino acids is limited.
“With aging, the normal balance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation is shifted toward net catabolism, the body's anabolic response to dietary protein or amino acids is limited, 46,120,122,123 and the normal antiproteolytic response to insulin is impaired.46,124,125”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [122]
The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength leads to reduced functional capacity.
“As a result, aging is associated with a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which leads to reduced functional capacity.120,122,127”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [122]
Aging is associated with a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength.
“As a result, aging is associated with a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which leads to reduced functional capacity.120,122,127”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [122]
The aged muscle has a reduced ability to up-regulate protein synthesis in response to anabolic stimuli such as protein intake and exercise, and insulin and insulin-like growth factor I.
“The aged muscle has a reduced ability to up-regulate protein synthesis in response to anabolic stimuli, such as protein intake and exercise [3], and insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) [4].”
From Novel Insights on Intake of Fish and Prevention of Sarcopenia: All Reasons for an Adequate Consumption (2020) · cites this paper as [3]

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Koopman R, Verdijk L, Manders RJ et al. (2006) Co- ingestion of protein and leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis rates to the same extent in young and elderly lean men. Am J Clin Nutr 84(3), 623-632.

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Authors: Koopman, R.
Affiliations: The University of Melbourne (AU)
Corresponding author: Koopman, René
ORCID: Koopman, René
Venue: Proceedings of The Nutrition Society
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2010-11-22
Volume: 70
Issue: 1
Pages: 104-113
ISSN: 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
1475-2719
DOI: 10.1017/s0029665110003927
OpenAlex: W2108073731
Cited by: 50
References: 147
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 1.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of Melbourne
European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords: dietary protein, exercise training, aging, anabolic resistance, muscle protein synthesis, muscle protein degradation, skeletal muscle mass, resistance training, protein hydrolysates, essential amino acids, functional capacity, older adults, diabetes risk
MeSH terms: Aged, Aging, Dietary Proteins, Humans, Muscle Proteins, Protein Hydrolysates, Weight Lifting, Muscle, Skeletal, Resistance Training, Sarcopenia

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Dietary protein and exercise training in ageing

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