A Single Dose of Dietary Nitrate Increases Maximal Knee Extensor Angular Velocity and Power in Healthy Older Men and Women
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BACKGROUND: Aging results in reductions in maximal muscular strength, speed, and power, which often lead to functional limitations highly predictive of disability, institutionalization, and mortality in elderly adults. This may be partially due to reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. We, therefore, hypothesized that dietary nitrate (NO3-), a source of NO via the NO3- → nitrite (NO2-) → NO enterosalivary pathway, could increase muscle contractile function in older subjects. METHODS: Twelve healthy older (age 71 ± 5 years) men and women were studied using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. After fasting overnight, subjects were tested 2 hours after ingesting beetroot juice containing or devoid of 13.4 ± 1.6 mmol NO3-. Plasma NO3- and NO2- and breath NO were measured periodically, and muscle function was determined using isokinetic dynamometry. RESULTS: N O 3 - ingestion increased (p < .001) plasma NO3-, plasma NO2-, and breath NO by 1,051% ± 433%, 138% ± 149%, and 111% ± 115%, respectively. Maximal velocity of knee extension increased (p < .01) by 10.9% ± 12.1%. Maximal knee extensor power increased (p < .05) by 4.4% ± 7.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Acute dietary NO3- intake improves maximal knee extensor angular velocity and power in older individuals. These findings may have important implications for this population, in whom diminished muscle function can lead to functional limitations, dependence, and even premature death.
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Enhanced skeletal muscle contractile function has been observed during electrically stimulated contractions, and enhanced peak power output has been observed during isokinetic dynamometry and cycling exercise.
“Consistent with the potential for improved weightlifting exercise performance after NO3− supplementation, enhanced skeletal muscle contractile function has been observed during electrically stimulated contractions [95,96,103], and enhanced peak power output has been observed during isokinetic dynamometry [97,123,128] and cycling [45,57,60,129,130,131,132,133] exercise.”
From Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Weightlifting Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review (2020) · cites this paper as [128]
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- Authors
- Coggan, A. R., Hoffman, R. L., Gray, D. A., Moorthi, R. N., Thomas, D. P., Leibowitz, J. L., Thies, D., & Peterson, L. R.
- Affiliations
- Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Coggan, Andrew R
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-07-22
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1154-1160
- ISSN
- 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-535X
- PMC
- PMC7243590
- OpenAlex
- W2956052777
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11
- FWCI
- 3.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- PMC
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R21 AG053606, R34 HL138253, K23 DK102824, P30 AR072581, TR002529, TR002345)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Keywords
- dietary nitrate, beetroot juice, nitric oxide bioavailability, nitrite, knee extensor power, muscle contractility, aging, older adults, isokinetic dynamometry, plasma nitrate
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Knee, Male, Movement, Muscle Contraction, Nitrates, Dietary Supplements, Muscle Strength, Muscle Strength Dynamometer
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