Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Performance and Muscle Oxygenation during Resistance Exercise in Men
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of acute and short-term nitrate (NO3−)-rich beetroot juice (BR) supplementation on performance outcomes and muscle oxygenation during bench press and back squat exercise. Fourteen recreationally active males were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to supplement for 4 days in two conditions: (1) NO3−-depleted beetroot juice (PL; 0.10 mmol NO3− per day) and (2) BR (11.8 mmol NO3− per day). On days 1 and 4 of the supplementation periods, participants completed 2 sets of 2 × 70%1RM interspersed by 2 min of recovery, followed by one set of repetitions-to-failure (RTF) at 60%1RM for the determination of muscular power, velocity, and endurance. Quadriceps and pectoralis major tissue saturation index (TSI) were measured throughout exercise. Plasma [NO3−] and nitrite ([NO2−]) were higher after 1 and 4 days of supplementation with BR compared to PL (p < 0.05). Quadriceps and pectoralis major TSI were not different between conditions (p > 0.05). The number of RTF in bench press was 5% greater after acute BR ingestion compared to PL (PL: 23 ± 4 vs. BR: 24 ± 5, p < 0.05). There were no differences between BR and PL for RTF for back squat or power and velocity for back squat or bench press (p > 0.05). These data improve understanding on the ergogenic potential of BR supplementation during resistance exercise.
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Improved muscle perfusion and oxygen delivery may support anabolic signalling and enhance adaptations to resistance training, suggesting potential relevance in managing sarcopenia.
“Improved muscle perfusion and oxygen delivery may also support anabolic signalling and enhance adaptations to resistance training, suggesting its potential relevance in managing sarcopenia [202,203].”
From Dietary Nitrate-Rich Vegetables as Natural Modulators of Health: Mechanisms and Benefits in Ageing Populations (2026) · cites this paper as [203]
The Results (section 3.3) found no effect of nitrate supplementation on muscle oxygenation during the resistance exercises, and the Discussion (section 4.3) says the observed bench-press benefit was not linked to altered tissue oxygenation. The paper does not address whether improved perfusion or oxygen delivery supports anabolic signalling, long-term training adaptations, or sarcopenia management; searches for those terms found no relevant passage. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Self-citationRokkedal-Lausch, T., Franch, J., Poulsen, M. K., Thomsen, L. P., Weitzberg, E., Kamavuako, E. N., Karbing, D. S., & Larsen, R. G. (2021) · Nitric Oxide · doi:10.1016/j.niox.2021.03.006 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Tan, R., Price, K. M., Wideen, L. E., Lincoln, I. G., Karl, S. T., Seals, J. P., Paniagua, K. K., Hagen, D. W., Tchaprazian, I., Bailey, S. J., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1217192 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
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Self-citationJuice-Based Supplementation Strategies for Athletic Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review
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“Improved muscle perfusion and oxygen delivery may also support anabolic signalling and enhance adaptations to resistance training, suggesting its potential relevance in managing sarcopenia [202,203].”
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Limited Applicability of MOXY-Derived Muscle Oxygenation for Monitoring Upper-Body Strength Training
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- Authors
- Tan, R., Pennell, A., Price, K. M., Karl, S. T., Seekamp-Hicks, N. G., Paniagua, K. K., Weiderman, G. D., Powell, J. P., Sharabidze, L. K., Lincoln, I. G., Kim, J. M., Espinoza, M. F., Hammer, M. A., Goulding, R. P., & Bailey, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Pepperdine University (US)
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences (NL)
- Loughborough University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Rachel
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-09-08
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 3703
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9504620
- OpenAlex
- W4296117240
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 3.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Pepperdine Digital Commons (Pepperdine University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- dietary nitrate, beetroot juice, resistance training, muscle oxygenation, tissue saturation index, repetitions to failure, muscular endurance, muscle power, exercise velocity, plasma nitrate, plasma nitrite, ergogenic aids
- MeSH terms
- Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Nitrates, Nitrites, Nitrogen Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Supplements, Beta vulgaris, Quadriceps Muscle, Resistance Training
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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