Increase in Maximal Cycling Power With Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation
Open accessAbstract
Muscle-shortening velocity and hence power have been shown to increase in the presence of nitric oxide (NO). NO availability increases after consuming nitrate (NO 3-). Ingestion of NO 3-rich beetroot juice (BRJ) has increased muscle power in untrained adults. Purpose: This study determined whether NO 3- supplementation could acutely enhance maximal power in trained athletes. Methods: In this double-blind, crossover study, 13 trained athletes performed maximal inertial-load cycling trials (3–4 s) immediately before (PRE) and after (POST) consuming either NO 3-rich (NO3) or NO 3-depleted (PLA) BRJ to assess acute changes (ie, within the same day) in maximal power (P MAX) and optimal pedaling rate (RPM opt). Participants also performed maximal isokinetic cycling (30 s) to assess performance differences after supplementation. Results: 2 x 2 repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a greater increase in P MAX from PRE to POST NO3 (PRE 1160 ± 301 W to POST 1229 ± 317 W) than with PLA (PRE 1191 ± 298 W to POST 1213 ± 300 W) (P = .009; ηp2 = 0.45). A paired t-test verified a greater relative change in P MAX after NO3 (6.0% ± 2.6%) than with PLA (2.0% ± 3.8%) (P = .014; d = 1.21). RPM opt remained unchanged from PRE (123 ± 14 rpm) to POST PLA (122 ± 14 rpm) but increased from PRE (120 ± 14 rpm) to POST NO3 (127 ± 13 rpm) (P = .043; ηp2 = 0.30). There was no relative change in RPM opt after PLA (–0.3% ± 4.1%), but there was an increase after NO3 (6.5% ± 11.4%) (P = .049; d = 0.79). No differences were observed between the 30-s isokinetic trials. Conclusions: Acute NO 3- supplementation can enhance maximal muscle power in trained athletes. These findings may particularly benefit power-sport athletes who perform brief explosive actions.
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A low dose of nitrate (~5 mmol) administered acutely improved maximal power during 3-4-s inertial-load cycling sprints in trained athletes.
“A low dose of NO 3 -(∼5 mmol) administered acutely improved maximal power during 3-4-s inertial-load cycling sprints in trained athletes (128)”
From Dietary Nitrate and Physical Performance (2018) · cites this paper as [128]
The Abstract Methods and Results report that acute nitrate supplementation improved maximal power during 3–4-s inertial-load cycling trials in trained athletes. However, Methods > Methodology states that participants received two doses containing about 11.2 mmol nitrate in total, not a total dose of approximately 5 mmol. The indexed passages provide no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEnhanced skeletal muscle contractile function has been observed during electrically stimulated contractions, and enhanced peak power output has been observed during isokinetic dynamometry and cycling exercise.
“Consistent with the potential for improved weightlifting exercise performance after NO3− supplementation, enhanced skeletal muscle contractile function has been observed during electrically stimulated contractions [95,96,103], and enhanced peak power output has been observed during isokinetic dynamometry [97,123,128] and cycling [45,57,60,129,130,131,132,133] exercise.”
From Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Weightlifting Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review (2020) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Authors
- Rimer, E. G., Peterson, L. R., Coggan, A. R., & Martin, J. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rimer, Ernest G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 715-720
- ISSN
- 1555-0265 (ISSN-L)
- 1555-0273
- PMC
- PMC4889556
- OpenAlex
- W2413805993
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 7.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital (UL1 TR000448)
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (UL1TR000448)
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000448, TR000448)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (TR000448)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- dietary nitrate, nitric oxide, beetroot juice, cycling power output, trained athletes, isokinetic cycling, explosive power
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Double-Blind Method, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Nitrates, Plant Extracts, Muscle, Skeletal, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Supplements, Muscle Strength, Athletic Performance, Young Adult, Athletes, Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
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