The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway on Healthy Ageing: A Review of Pre-clinical and Clinical Data on the Impact of Dietary Nitrate in the Elderly
Open accessAbstract
We are living longer. Are we living healthier? As we age, cellular and molecular damage reshape our physiological responses towards environmental and endogenous stimuli. The free radical theory of ageing has been proposed long before ageing has been considered a “scientific discipline” and, since then, has been discussed and upgraded as a major contributor to aberrant ageing. Assuming that ageing results merely from the accumulation of oxidative modifications of biomolecules is not only a simplistic and reductive view of such a complex and dynamic process, but also free radicals and related oxidants are now considered pivotal signalling molecules. The fine modulation of critical signalling pathways by redox compounds demands a novel approach to tackle the role of free radicals in ageing. Nitric oxide (⋅NO) is a paradigmatic example given its biological functions in cardiovascular, neurologic and immune systems. In addition to the canonical ⋅NO synthesis by a family of enzymes, nitrate from green leafy vegetables, is reduced to nitrite in the oral cavity which is further reduced to ⋅NO in the stomach. Boosting this nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway has been shown to improve gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, metabolic and cognitive performance both in humans and in animal models of disease. In the elderly, nitrate-derived ⋅NO has been shown improve several physiological functions that typically decline during ageing. In this paper, the role of nitrate and derived nitrogen oxides will be discussed while reviewing pre-clinical and clinical data on the cardiovascular, neuronal, musculoskeletal and metabolic effects of nitrate during healthy ageing.
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While dietary nitrate can increase NO production, a high oxidative burden may reduce its effectiveness by accelerating NO degradation.
“While dietary nitrate can increase NO production, a high oxidative burden may reduce its effectiveness by accelerating NO degradation [128,234,256].”
From Dietary Nitrate-Rich Vegetables as Natural Modulators of Health: Mechanisms and Benefits in Ageing Populations (2026) · cites this paper as [234]
The Introduction (page unavailable) describes dietary nitrate being converted through nitrite to NO, supporting the first part of the claim. Neither that section nor the passages retrieved on oxidative stress and NO degradation say that a high oxidative burden accelerates NO degradation or reduces dietary nitrate’s effectiveness. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway becomes more important under hypoxic or acidic conditions.
“Consequently, the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway becomes more important, particularly under hypoxic or acidic conditions [233,234].”
From Dietary Nitrate-Rich Vegetables as Natural Modulators of Health: Mechanisms and Benefits in Ageing Populations (2026) · cites this paper as [234]
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“…from different research groups have not only shown that antioxidants do not prevent the molecular mechanisms of ageing and age-related disorders (Viña et al., 2018) but also that, from the manipulation of several antioxidant genes, only the deletion of Sod1 gene reduced lifespan (Pérez et al.,…”
BackgroundKelley, E. E., Baust, J., Bonacci, G., Golin-Bisello, F., Devlin, J. E., St. Croix, C. M., Watkins, S. C., Gor, S., Cantu-Medellin, N., Weidert, E. R., et al. (2014) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvt341 · Cited by 95 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The production of NO-derived compounds, more stable than NO itself, such as nitroso compounds and nitroalkenes, that can be absorbed into the systemic circulation, opened new avenues on the putative systemic effects of nitrate (Bonacci et al., 2012; Kelley et al., 2014; Delmastro-Greenwood et al., 2015).”
BackgroundNitrated oleic acid up-regulates PPARγ and attenuates experimental inflammatory bowel disease
Borniquel, S., Jansson, E. Å., Cole, M. P., Freeman, B. A., & Lundberg, J. O. (2010) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.11.014 · Cited by 92 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…shown to prevent peptic ulcer disease both induced by NSAIDs or not and alleviate histological and clinical signs of inflammatory bowel disease (Jansson et al., 2007; Borniquel et al., 2010; Rocha et al., Frontiers in Aging | www.frontiersin.org November 2021 | Volume 2 | Article 7784672 2013).”
Raubenheimer, K., Hickey, D., Leveritt, M., Fassett, R., Ortiz de Zevallos Munoz, J., Allen, J., Briskey, D., Parker, T., Kerr, G., Peake, J., et al. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9111270 · Cited by 91 · cited 4× · see citing works
“In this regard, an additional study has replicated both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure lowering effects of nitrate in healthy older adults (mean age 64), but has also shown a reduction in CD11bexpressing granulocytes as well as in blood monocyte-platelet aggregates, suggesting a novel anti-adhesive phenotyp…”
BackgroundInfluentialNitrite mediates cytoprotection after ischemia/reperfusion by modulating mitochondrial function
Shiva, S., & Gladwin, M. T. (2009) · Basic Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00395-009-0009-3 · Cited by 91 · cited 1× · see citing works
“By increasing the bioavailability of NO and nitroso derivatives, nitrate prevents not only vascular inflammatory events and atherogenesis, but also platelet aggregation and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (Webb et al., 2004; Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2005; Shiva and Gladwin, 2009).”
BackgroundDietary Nitrate Enhances the Contractile Properties of Human Skeletal Muscle
Coggan, A. R., & Peterson, L. R. (2018) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/jes.0000000000000167 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
DeVan, A. E., Johnson, L. C., Brooks, F. A., Evans, T. D., Justice, J. N., Cruickshank-Quinn, C. I., Reisdorph, N. A., Bryan, N. S., McQueen, M. B., Santos‐Parker, J. R., et al. (2015) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00879.2015 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Goh, C. E., Trinh, P., Colombo, P. C., Genkinger, J. M., Mathema, B., Uhlemann, A., LeDuc, C. A., Leibel, R. L., Rosenbaum, M. S., Paster, B. J., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.119.013324 · Cited by 82 · cited 1× · see citing works
“1997), it is not surprising that nitrate supplementation has been investigated as a therapeutic strategy to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity (Hung et al., 2004; Carter et al., 2010; Goh et al., 2019).”
BackgroundRoshanravan, B., Patel, K. V., Fried, L. F., Robinson‐Cohen, C., de Boer, I. H., Harris, T. B., Murphy, R. A., Satterfield, S., Goodpaster, B. H., Shlipak, M. G., et al. (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glw210 · Cited by 80 · cited 1× · see citing works
“During healthy ageing, there is a predictable decline in skeletal muscle force, speed and strength that may limit or even disable the accomplishment of daily life activities (Roshanravan et al., 2017).”
BackgroundRocha, B. S., Gago, B., Barbosa, R. M., Lundberg, J. O., Radi, R., & Laranjinha, J. (2012) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.011 · Cited by 74 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…reported in vivo and, given the acidic pH of the stomach, the chemical complexity leading to the production of other oxidants (nitrogen dioxide radical, peroxynitrite, dinitrogen trioxide) was (and still is) largely unclear in a biological setting (Rocha et al., 2012; Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationHezel, M. P., Peleli, M., Liu, M. R., Zollbrecht, C., Jensen, B. L., Checa, A., Giulietti, A., Wheelock, C. E., Lundberg, J. O., Weitzberg, E., et al. (2016) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.025 · Cited by 73 · cited 3× · see citing works
“While these metabolic effects have been shown to be associated with the inhibition of NADPH oxidase (Hezel et al., 2016), other molecular targets have also been described, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (Cordero-Herrera et al., 2019).”
BackgroundStanaway, L., Rutherfurd-Markwick, K., Page, R., Wong, M., Jirangrat, W., Teh, K. H., & Ali, A. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11071683 · Cited by 67 · cited 3× · see citing works
“The increase of plasma nitrite was also significantly higher in old rather than young subjects (Stanaway et al., 2019), suggesting that boosting the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway may have an unexpected better outcome in terms of cardiovascular indicators in the elderly.”
BackgroundInfluentialS. Rocha, B., Gago, B., Pereira, C., M. Barbosa, R., Bartesaghi, S., O. Lundberg, J., Radi, R., & Laranjinha, J. (2011) · Current Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/138945011796150334 · Cited by 64 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nitric oxide is a small, hydrophobic gas that freely permeates biological membranes and interacts with molecular targets within its diffusional spread, ensuring physiological functions such as vasodilation, innate immune response and neuromodulation (Rocha et al., 2011; Ledo et al., 2005; Moncada and Higgs, 1993).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCoggan, A. R., Hoffman, R. L., Gray, D. A., Moorthi, R. N., Thomas, D. P., Leibowitz, J. L., Thies, D., & Peterson, L. R. (2020) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glz156 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
On the mechanism by which dietary nitrate improves human skeletal muscle function
Affourtit, C., Bailey, S. J., Jones, A. M., Smallwood, M. J., & Winyard, P. G. (2015) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00211 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Peleli, M., Ferreira, D. M. S., Tarnawski, L., Haworth, S. M., Xuechen, L., Zhuge, Z., Newton, P. T., Massart, J., Chagin, A. S., Olofsson, P. S., et al. (2019) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2019.101387 · Cited by 58 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…et al., 2010), the expression of genes encoding mucins, the glycoproteins that sustain the gastric mucus, and to inhibit inflammatory pathways such as those involving myeloperoxidase and the expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM and P-selectin (Jädert et al., 2012; Peleli et al., 2019).”
BackgroundExtracellular vesicles and redox modulation in aging
Borrás, C., Mas‐Bargues, C., Sanz‐Ros, J., Román-Domínguez, A., Gimeno-Mallench, L., Inglés, M., Gambini, J., & Viña, J. (2019) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.032 · Cited by 54 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, the production of reactive oxygen species cannot be envisaged as the sole or even major driver of ageing because these compounds are a chemically and biologically diverse group of molecules derived from molecular oxygen with critical signalling functions under physiological conditions, ensuring what has been…”
BackgroundJustice, J. N., Johnson, L. C., DeVan, A. E., Cruickshank-Quinn, C. I., Reisdorph, N. A., Bassett, C. J., Evans, T. D., Brooks, F. A., Bryan, N. S., Chonchol, M. B., et al. (2015) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.100842 · Cited by 53 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Additionally, recent metabolomic analysis have shown that nitrate alters the plasma concentration of small metabolites in healthy older adults and these changes correlate with improved motor, vascular and cognitive function (DeVan et al., 2016; Justice et al., 2015; Johnson et al., 2017).”
BackgroundPeleli, M., Hezel, M. P., Zollbrecht, C., Persson, A. E. G., Lundberg, J. O., Weitzberg, E., Fredholm, B. B., & Carlström, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00222 · Cited by 47 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Regarding the cellular energetic status, nitrate has been shown to activate AMPK, reducing the synthesis of fatty acids, promoting fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake (Peleli et al., 2015; Cordero-Herrera et al., 2019).”
BackgroundThe nitric oxide/ascorbate cycle: How neurones may control their own oxygen supply
Millar, J. (1995) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/0306-9877(95)90194-9 · Cited by 40 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…hypothesised that nitrate could be reduced to nitrite by the oral microbiota and, in turn, nitrite would be univalently reduced to •NO in the cerebral parenchyma either chemically or by specific enzymes that acquire a nitrite reductase activity at low pO2 (Millar, 1995; van Faassen et al., 2009).”
BackgroundExcretion of nitrates and nitrites in saliva and bile in the dog
Fritsch, P., Blanquat, G. D. S., & Klein, D. (1985) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0278-6915(85)90153-x · Cited by 37 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This enterosalivary circulation supplies nitrate to the oral microbiota that uses nitrogen to produce ATP while reducing nitrate to nitrite (Fritsch et al., 1985).”
BackgroundInorganic nitrate alleviates the senescence-related decline in liver function
Wang, H., Hu, L., Li, L., Wu, X., Fan, Z., Zhang, C., Wang, J., Jia, J., & Wang, S. (2018) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-017-9207-x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Rocha, B. S., Gago, B., Barbosa, R. M., Lundberg, J. O., Mann, G. E., Radí, R., & Laranjinha, J. A. N. (2012) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.12.017 · Cited by 34 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Nitrate-derived NO has been shown to increase gastric mucosal blood flow and mucus production, to eradicate gut pathogens and prevent inflammatory events associated with peptic ulcer disease (Benjamin et al., 1994; Dykhuizen et al., 1998; Björne et al., 2004; Jädert et al., 2012; Rocha et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationRocha, B. S., Gago, B., Barbosa, R. M., & Laranjinha, J. A. N. (2010) · Nitric Oxide · doi:10.1016/j.niox.2010.01.003 · Cited by 31 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…a small, hydrophobic gas that freely permeates biological membranes and interacts with molecular targets within its diffusional spread, ensuring physiological functions such as vasodilation, innate immune response and neuromodulation (Rocha et al., 2011; Ledo et al., 2005; Moncada and Higgs, 1993).”
BackgroundSelf-citationImpact of dietary nitrate on age-related diastolic dysfunction
Rammos, C., Hendgen-Cotta, U. B., Totzeck, M., Pohl, J., Lüdike, P., Flögel, U., Deenen, R., Köhrer, K., French, B. A., Gödecke, A., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.535 · Cited by 31 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Also, nitrate was shown to promote NO-cGMP-PKG signalling and to increase the levels of cardiac nitrosothiols while reversing age-related diastolic dysfunction and improving vascular function (Rammos et al., 2016).”
BackgroundRole of nitrite, urate and pepsin in the gastroprotective effects of saliva
Rocha, B. S., Lundberg, J. O., Radí, R., & Laranjinha, J. A. N. (2016) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2016.04.002 · Cited by 29 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, most nitrite is absorbed into the bloodstream, triggering NO-dependent and independent signalling pathways in every organ system (Lundberg and Weitzberg, 2005; Bryan et al., 2007; Rocha et al., 2016; Lundberg et al., 2018).”
BackgroundSelf-citationDietary nitrate supplementation increases diaphragm peak power in old mice
Kumar, R. A., Kelley, R. C., Hahn, D., & Ferreira, L. F. (2020) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp280027 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Nitrate and Nitrite in Aging and Age-Related Disease
Johnson, L. C., DeVan, A. E., Justice, J. N., & Seals, D. R. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46189-2_18 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Easton, C., Monaghan, C., Liddle, L., McIlvenna, L. C., Burleigh, M. C., Muggeridge, D. J., Fernandez, B. O., & Feelisch, M. (2017) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000519186.30559.86 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dietary Nitrate and Muscle Power with Aging
Coggan, A. R., Leibowitz, J. L., Mikhalkova, D., Thies, D., Broadstreet, S. R., Waller, S., & Peterson, L. R. (2017) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000520002.38690.76 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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ROS: Basic Concepts, Sources, Cellular Signaling, and its Implications in Aging Pathways
de Almeida, A. J. P. O., de Oliveira, J. C. P. L., Pontes, L. V. D. S., Júnior, J. F. D. S., Gonçalves, T. A. F., Dantas, S. H., Feitosa, M. S. D. A., Silva, A. O., & de Medeiros, I. A. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/1225578 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
“• NO is a pleiotropic regulator and e ff ector of the immune, cardiovascular, and nervous systems [26].”
Pacinella, G., Ciaccio, A. M., & Tuttolomondo, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232415722 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
“Indeed, the constitutive expression of nNOS has also been described in vascular endothelial cells [62,63].”
BackgroundGonzalez, A. M., Townsend, J. R., Pinzone, A. G., & Hoffman, J. R. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15030660 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“When NO3 is consumed in the diet, it combines with saliva during mastication and is reduced into NO2 and continues into the gastrointestinal tract [16].”
BackgroundInfluentialNitric Oxide as a Determinant of Human Longevity and Health Span
Pöeggeler, B., Singh, S. K., Sambamurti, K., & Pappolla, M. A. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241914533 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Nitrate-derived NO has been shown improve several physiological functions that typically decline during aging and thus, the simple supplementation of the diet with nitrate can improve health, fitness, and performance in the elderly [50].”
BackgroundInfluentialNitric Oxide as a Determinant of Human Longevity and Health Span
Poeggeler, B., Singh, K. S., Sambamurti, K., & Pappolla, M. A. (2023) · doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0213.v1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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Men, B., Li, Y., & Jiang, S. (2024) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s449661 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“107 In addition, the introduction of nitrate into drinking water for a duration of one week has comparable outcomes.”
BackgroundL’Heureux, J. E., Corbett, A., Ballard, C. G., Vauzour, D., Creese, B., Winyard, P. G., JONES, A. M., & Vanhatalo, A. (2024) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae543 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“NO pathway (14).”
Daneshparvar, A., Hemmatinafar, M., Salesi, M., Rezaei, R., Imanian, B., & Pirmohammadi, S. (2025) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2025.2502656 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“The enhanced NO availability resulting from dietary nitrate intake has been associated with cardiovascular benefits, including reduced blood pressure and improved endothelial function [14].”
Sciahbasi, A., Minardi, S., Salvi, N., Infusino, F., & Granatelli, A. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14207340 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Another potent inhibitor of platelet activation, nitric oxide (NO), is significantly reduced in the elderly due to the typical age-related endothelial dysfunction and to the increase in intraplatelet production of reactive oxygen species deputies to the oxidative degradation of NO [12,13].”
Phua, T. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2024.1526230 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Consuming dietary nitrates enhances the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway and has been shown to support healthy aging (Rocha, 2021) through the interactions between oral and gut microbiota and stomach acidity (Jones et al., 2021; Bryan et al., 2022; Bryan et al., 2023).”
Dietary patterns and endothelium dysfunction: a literature review
Nguyễn, V. H., Pereira, L. R., Shannon, O. M., Stephan, B. C. M., & Siervo, M. (2025) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104484 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Amino acid neurotransmitters in sarcopenia and healthy aging
Jonk, S. M., Tribble, J. R., Swoboda, P., & Williams, P. A. (2025) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111437 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Nitrite Toxicity: Chemical Analysis, Metabolism, and Health Effects
Shi, J. (2022) · Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology · doi:10.54097/hset.v19i.2852 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Moreover, vasodilation caused by nitrates may support extensive nutrition and oxygen supply to process complex cognitive tasks [14].”
BackgroundSalivary-Gland-Mediated Nitrate Recirculation as a Modulator for Cardiovascular Diseases
Pang, B., Qi, X., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15030439 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“NO pathway to physiology and disease have been summarized [21,22].”
Kurhaluk, N., Kołodziejska, R., Buyun, L., Kamiński, P., & Tkaczenko, H. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27083461 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Consequently, the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway becomes more important, particularly under hypoxic or acidic conditions [233,234].”
Introduction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammation
Leong, S. S., Loh, T. C., & Foo, H. L. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-11752-6_2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Boosting nutritional quality of Urtica dioica L. to resist climate change
Opačić, N., Radman, S., Dujmović, M., Uher, S. F., Benko, B., Toth, N., Petek, M., Čoga, L., Voća, S., & Žlabur, J. Š. (2024) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1331327 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Electrochemical Determination of Nitrite in Environmental Water Using Ultrathin g‐C 3 N 4 Nanosheets
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“Considering the important roles that nitric oxide plays in human health and disease [34], most studies on the flavonoid–nitrous acid interaction have focused so far on the potential physiological implications associated with the role that the nitric oxide generated in the gastric milieu could play…”
Reactive oxygen species and climate change
Anaraki, R. S., & Rahimpour, M. R. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19066-7.00005-9
Peristalsis and regulation of gastrointestinal motility: From mechanisms to pathophysiology
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“36 Moreover, no significant tolerance has been observed with exogenous nitrate supplementation compared to nitroglycerin.”
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“NO pathway have been suggested to result in reduced endogenous NO bioavailability 15 especially in older adults with low physical fitness levels or compromised vascular and metabolic function.”
Erichsen, D. W., Kyrø, C., Schullehner, J., Rosthøj, S., Bondonno, C. P., Zhong, L., Raaschou‐Nielsen, O., Pokharel, P., Sigsgaard, T., Hendriksen, P. F., et al. (2026) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2026.110387
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“…enteric communities and downstream immune and metabolic signaling along an oral-gut-brain axis, with short-chain fatty acid production and modulation of systemic nitric oxide bioavailability via the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, the latter directly relevant to the Leptotrichia finding 32,49,50 .”
Alagh, K., Zalzal, R. N., Kumar, A., Xiong, Y., Xia, Z., & Kamra, K. (2026) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox15111390
- Authors
- Rocha, B. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Coimbra (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Rocha, Bárbara S.
- ORCID
- Rocha, Bárbara S.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Aging
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-11-17
- Volume
- 2
- Pages
- 778467-778467
- ISSN
- 2673-6217 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9261383
- OpenAlex
- W3213842070
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 0.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Aging (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway, dietary nitrate, healthy aging, older adults, free radicals, oxidative stress, free radical theory of aging, redox signaling, leafy vegetables, cardiovascular function, cognitive function, musculoskeletal function, metabolic function, neuronal function
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