Predictive value of menstrual cycle pattern, body mass index, hormone levels and polycystic ovaries at age 15 years for oligo-amenorrhoea at age 18 years
Abstract
BACKGROUND: On the question of how to counsel adolescents with irregular menstrual cycles or oligomenorrhoea, no clear answer has been given. Adolescents with oligomenorrhoea especially show endocrine abnormalities and may be at risk for ovulatory dysfunction and the polycystic ovary syndrome in adulthood. METHODS: We followed a cohort of adolescents to document changes in menstrual cycle pattern between ages 15 and 18 years in the general population. RESULTS: Two per cent (2/128) of adolescents with regular menstrual cycles developed oligomenorrhoea, and 12% (17/148) of those with irregular menstrual cycles did so. Fifty-one per cent (34/67) of the oligomenorrhoeic adolescents remained oligomenorrhoeic. Increase in body mass index (BMI), concentration of LH, androstenedione or testosterone, and polycystic ovaries (PCO) were associated with persistence of oligomenorrhoea. In multivariate analysis only a normal to high BMI (>19.6 kg/m(2)) consistently contributed significantly to predict persistent oligomenorrhoea. Glucose:insulin ratio as a marker for insulin resistance was not associated with an increased risk for oligomenorrhoea. CONCLUSIONS: Oligomenorrhoea at age 18 years is better predicted by menstrual cycle pattern at age 15 years than by LH or androgen concentrations or PCO at this age. Not only obese, but also normal weight oligomenorrhoeic, adolescents have a high risk of remaining oligomenorrhoeic.
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Gambineri et al. defined hyperandrogenism during the follicular phase as total testosterone concentrations greater than 42 ng/dl using an LC-MS/MS assay.
“Gambineri et al. [61] defined hyperandrogenism during the follicular phase as total testosterone concentrations >42 ng/dl using a LC-MS/MS assay.”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [61]
Oligomenorrheic adolescents tend to have persistent oligomenorrhea.
“Oligomenorrheic adolescents tend to have persistent oligomenorrhea [138, 139].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls (2019) · cites this paper as [138]
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- Authors
- van Hooff, M. H. A.
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-02-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 383-392
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- OpenAlex
- W2164262803
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Keywords
- oligomenorrhea, menstrual cycle pattern, body mass index, polycystic ovary syndrome, luteinizing hormone, androstenedione, testosterone, insulin resistance, glucose/insulin ratio, adolescent girls, ovulatory dysfunction, risk prediction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Amenorrhea, Androstenedione, Blood Glucose, Female, Hormones, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Luteinizing Hormone, Menstrual Cycle, Oligomenorrhea, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Testosterone, Ultrasonography, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio
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