Vegetarian diets, circulating miRNA expression and healthspan in subjects living in the Blue Zone
Open accessAbstract
A long-term vegetarian diet plays a role in the longevity and maintenance of the healthspan, but the underlying mechanisms for these observations are largely unknown. Particularly, it is not known whether a long-term vegetarian dietary pattern may affect the circulating miRNA expression in such a way as to modulate the healthspan. The Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort includes a large number of older adults who primarily follow vegetarian dietary patterns and reside in Loma Linda, California, one of five “Blue Zones” in the world in which a higher proportion of the population enjoys a longer than average lifespan. We performed miRNA-seq in 96 subjects selected from the AHS-2 cohort with different dietary patterns. We identified several differentially expressed miRNAs between vegetarians and non-vegetarians, which are involved in immune response and cytokine signaling, cell growth and proliferation as well as age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, our study showed that a vegetarian diet modulates aging-associated circulating miRNAs in a sex-dependent manner of differential expression for certain miRNAs, which may be related in a beneficial manner to the healthspan. Further investigation is needed to validate these miRNAs as potential biomarkers for diet-modulated longevity in humans.
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Blue Zones share common dietary, lifestyle, and social factors that contribute to the remarkable health and longevity of their residents.
“Despite their diverse cultural and environmental contexts, Blue Zones share common dietary, lifestyle, and social factors that contribute to the remarkable health and longevity of their residents [7,148,149,150,151,152].”
From The Power of Environment: A Comprehensive Review of the Exposome's Role in Healthy Aging, Longevity, and Preventive Medicine-Lessons from Blue Zones and Cilento (2025) · cites this paper as [150]
The Introduction identifies Loma Linda as one of five Blue Zones with longer-than-average life expectancy and discusses a possible association between vegetarian diets and longevity. It does not establish that Blue Zones share dietary, lifestyle, and social factors across their different contexts, or that those shared factors contribute to residents’ longevity. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Liu, T., Gatto, N. M., Chen, Z., Qiu, H., Lee, G., Duerksen-Hughes, P., Fraser, G., & Wang, C.
- Affiliations
- Loma Linda University (US)
- Claremont Graduate University (US)
- Georgia State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Charles
- ORCID
- Venue
- Precision Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-10-23
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 245-259
- ISSN
- 2096-5303 (ISSN-L)
- 2516-1571
- PMC
- PMC7757436
- OpenAlex
- W3094475376
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Precision Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (S10OD019960, HL115195-06, SP00013920-02, HL137962, SP00013696-01)
- American Heart Association (18IPA34170301)
- LLU (2140309)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- vegetarian diet, circulating microRNAs, healthspan, longevity, Blue Zones, Adventist Health Study-2, aging, sex differences, biomarkers, immune response, cytokine signaling, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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