A “NATURAL” TECHNIQUE FOR CORRECTION OF CONGENITALLY PROMINENT EARS

STENSTRÖM, STEN J.

doi:10.1097/00006534-196311000-00003

Cited by 330Reconstructive Facial Surgery TechniquesCongenital Ear and Nasal AnomaliesNasal Surgery and Airway Studies

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A “NATURAL” TECHNIQUE FOR CORRECTION OF CONGENITALLY PROMINENT EARS

STENSTRÖM, STEN J.·1963·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

DOI 10.1097/00006534-196311000-00003

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Cartilage-breaking methods such as Stenström and Chongchet anterior scoring reduce recurrence but risk overcorrection.
“Cartilage-breaking methods, such as Stenström21 and Chongchet22 anterior scoring, reduce recurrence but risk overcorrection.23,24”
From Otoplasty Surgical Techniques and Clinical Outcomes: A Practical Review (2026) · cites this paper as [21]

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“Cartilage-weakening procedures in the style of Stenstrom and Chongchet have been effectively used to achieve high patient satisfaction.(12,30,31) To achieve adequate posterior folding of the antihelix, aggressive cartilage abrasion techniques are often used, especially in the context of stiff auricular cartilage.”
Method
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“This weakening partly overcomes its resilience [5].”
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“1060 996 64 Cartilage-sparing 206 191 (93) 15 (7) IA: Mustardé 111 103 (93) 8 (7) IB: Furnas 12 12 (100) 0 (0) Combination 83 76 (92) 7 (8) Cartilage-cutting 842 793 (94) 49 (6) IIA: Chongchet 686 648 (94) 38 (6) IIB: Concha shell reduction 139 130 (94) 9 (6) Combination 17 15 (88) 2 (12) Combination of techniques Spa…”
Ear reconstruction following severe complications of otoplasty
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Closed anterior scoring for prominent-ear correction revisited
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Congenital Deformities of the Auricle
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A new method of auriculoplasty for protruding ears
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Carbon dioxide laser-assisted cartilage reshaping otoplasty: a new technique for prominent ears.
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Open Otoplasty
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Otoplasty: a review of the surgical techniques
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Surgical Otoplasty
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ten Koppel, P. G. J., van der Veen, J.-M., Hein, D., van Keulen, F., van Osch, G. J. V. M., Verwoerd-Verhoef, H. L., & Verwoerd, C. D. A. (2003) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000055427.13139.35 · Cited by 24
Double triangular cartilage excision otoplasty.
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History of Cosmetic Surgery
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“Gibson and Davis [ 297 ] , Chongchet [ 298 ] , and Stenströem [ 299 ] introduced lateral cartilage weakening techniques to take advantage of the unique ability of a sheet of cartilage to warp away from the injured surface.”
Background
Twenty-four hours or 10 days? A prospective randomised controlled trial in children comparing head bandages following pinnaplasty
Ramkumar, S., Narayanan, V., & Laing, H. (2006) · Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2006.01.011 · Cited by 23
Lower Extremity Microsurgical Reconstruction
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Clinical results and health-related quality of life in otoplasty patients using cartilage resection and suturing methods
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“Pain, bleeding, hematoma, and infection are the most common early period complications [27].”
Background
Small incision otoplasty for prominent ears
Ely, J. F. (1988) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/bf01576916 · Cited by 23
The importance of conchal resection in correcting the prominent ear
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Management of the prominent ear
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Cartilage-Sparing Complete Otoplasty Technique: A 10-Year Experience in 100 Patients
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“The final skin and lobule tapering have been well described by others.(3,7) The surgeon must not rely on the final skin excision to correct any significant residual cartilage deformities, because elastic forces will eventually result in recurrence.”
BackgroundMethod
How long should ears be bandaged after otoplasty?
Bartley, J. R. F. (1998) · The Journal of Laryngology & Otology · doi:10.1017/s0022215100141015 · Cited by 19
The correction of prominent ears
Tolhurst, D. E. (1972) · British Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0007-1226(72)80059-6 · Cited by 19
Refinements in otoplasty surgery: experience of 200 consecutive cases using cartilage-sparing technique.
Mazeed, A. S., & Bulstrode, N. W. (2019) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000005704 · Cited by 18
Understanding the Unfavorable Result after Otoplasty: An Integrated Approach to Correction
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Cartilage Splitting Without Stitches
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Percutaneous Adjustable Closed Otoplasty for Prominent Ear Deformity
Özturan, O., Doğan, R., Eren, S. B., Aksoy, F., & Veyseller, B. (2013) · Journal of Craniofacial Surgery · doi:10.1097/scs.0b013e31827ff103 · Cited by 18
“In CST, permanent changes in cartilage structure are avoided, and reversibility is ensured.(10,14) Cartilage-sparing techniques also ensure maximum protection in cartilage support and minimize scar possibility and contour disorders; however, potential of return to a preoperative ear deformity is high because of the me…”
Background
Island Technique for Prominent Ears: An Update of the Ivo Pitanguy Clinic Experience
Maricevich, P., de Amorim, N. F. G., Duprat, R., Freitas, F., & Pitanguy, I. H. (2011) · Aesthetic Surgery Journal · doi:10.1177/1090820x11415975 · Cited by 18
An Experience of Pubic Hair Reconstruction Using Free Temporoparietal Fasciocutaneous Flap with Needle Epilation
Tanaka, A., Hatoko, M., Shiba, A., Kuwahara, M., Tada, H., Okazaki, T., & Muramatsu, T. (1999) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-199907000-00028 · Cited by 17
Prominent ears: A follow-up study
Nielsen, F., Kristensen, S., & Crawford, M. (1985) · The Journal of Laryngology & Otology · doi:10.1017/s0022215100096596 · Cited by 18
Prominent Ears
Davies, J. (1978) · Clinics in Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0094-1298(20)32153-2 · Cited by 17
Using bilaterally fascioperichondrial flaps with a distal and a proximal base combined with conventional otoplasty.
Irkoren, S., Kucukkaya, D., Sivrioglu, N., & Ozkan, H. S. (2014) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-013-2552-7 · Cited by 17
Paediatric day-case otoplasty: local versus general anaesthetic
Lancaster, J., Jones, T. M., Kay, A. R., & McGeorge, D. D. (2003) · The Surgeon · doi:10.1016/s1479-666x(03)80123-3 · Cited by 17
Otoplasty: Anterior Abrasion of Ear Cartilage with Dermabrader
Mascio, D., Castagnetti, F., & Baldassarre, S. (2003) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-003-3059-1 · Cited by 17
“Several methods for modifying the shape of cartilage have been described [9,10,17].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Prominent ears and their correction: A forty-year experience
Georgiade, G. S., Riefkohl, R. E., & Georgiade, N. G. (1995) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/bf00453877 · Cited by 17
Personal Approach to Treatment of Prominent Ears
Tramier, H. (1997) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-199702000-00042 · Cited by 17
Otoplasty techniques in children: a comparative study of outcomes.
Punj, P., Chong, H. P., Cundy, T. P., Lodge, M., & Woods, R. (2018) · ANZ Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1111/ans.14386 · Cited by 16
The use of a retroauricular fascioperichondrial flap in the recreation of the antihelical fold in prominent ear surgery.
Frascino, L. F. (2009) · Annals of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1097/sap.0b013e318195bfdd · Cited by 16
Minimally Invasive Otoplasty: Technical Details and Long-Term Results
de la Fuente, A., & Sordo, G. (2012) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-011-9754-4 · Cited by 16
“Like many techniques in otoplasty, our procedure is based on the papers published by Stenström [3], Ju and Crikelair [4], and Chongchet [5], all of them inspired by Gibson and Davis’s [8] interlocked stresses of cartilage.”
Comparison of two incisionless otoplasty techniques for prominent ears in children.
Haytoglu, S., Haytoglu, T. G., Bayar Muluk, N., Kuran, G., & Arikan, O. K. (2015) · International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology · doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.01.014 · Cited by 16
Biomechanical Evaluation of Surgical Correction of Prominent Ear
Miyamoto, J., Nagasao, T., Tamaki, T., & Nakajima, T. (2009) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e318199f098 · Cited by 15
Sutureless otoplasty by scoring of the cartilage: A study in 34 patients
Bhatti, A. Z., & Donovan, D. O. (2006) · British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2006.08.004 · Cited by 16
Otoplastik zur Korrektur abstehender Ohrmuscheln
Heppt, W. J., & Trautmann, Y. (1999) · HNO · doi:10.1007/s001060050446 · Cited by 14
Otoplasty Using the Postauricular Skin Flap Technique
Romo, T., Sclafani, A. P., & Shapiro, A. L. (1994) · Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1001/archotol.1994.01880340086015 · Cited by 14
Nuances of Otoplasty: A Comprehensive Review of the Past 20 Years
Nuara, M. J., & Mobley, S. R. (2006) · Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2006.01.007 · Cited by 14
Surgical Correction of Prominent Ear Using Modified Tube Technique and Posterior Approach
Cho, B. C., Chung, H. Y., & Park, J. W. (2003) · Journal of Craniofacial Surgery · doi:10.1097/00001665-200309000-00031 · Cited by 14
Pitanguy's otoplasty: Report of 551 operations
Werdin, F., Wolters, M., & Lampe, H. (2007) · Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery · doi:10.1080/02844310701690298 · Cited by 14
Otoplasty for prominent ears deformity.
Fioramonti, P., Serratore, F., Tarallo, M., Ruggieri, M., & Ribuffo, D. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 14
Separating the Helix From the Antihelix: A New Concept in Prominent Ear Correction
Valente, A. S. C. (2010) · Aesthetic Surgery Journal · doi:10.1177/1090820x10369689 · Cited by 13
Combined technique for the correction of prominent ears: Results in 140 patients
Salgarelli, A. C., Bellini, P., Multinu, A., Landini, B., Broccaioli, E., & Consolo, U. (2009) · British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2009.04.023 · Cited by 13
Molding the Ears After Anterior Scoring and Concha Repositioning: A Combined Approach for Protruding Ear Correction
Aygit, A. C. (2003) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-002-0095-1 · Cited by 13
“As Stenström emphasized, the cartilage should stay in the desired position without the help of any permanent or temporary suture material if the anterior scoring technique is used properly because its natural elasticity and intrinsic physical memory have been overcome [18,33].”
Background
Earfold: A New Technique for Correction of the Shape of the Antihelix
Kang, N., Sabbagh, W., O’Toole, G., & Silberberg, M. (2018) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.27197 · Cited by 11
Otoplasty: A Graduated Approach
Foda, H. M. T. (1999) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s002669900310 · Cited by 13
“In 1963, Stenstrom described recreating an antihelical fold by scratching the perichondrium of the anterior surface along the line of the proposed antihelical fold [18].”
Revision Otoplasty
Berghaus, A., Braun, T. W., & Hempel, J. M. (2012) · Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1001/archfacial.2012.61 · Cited by 16
Techniken der Otoplastik
Mattheis, S., & Siegert, R. (2006) · HNO · doi:10.1007/s00106-006-1412-9 · Cited by 12
Otoplasty: Rasps or Puncture Needles? A Clinical Trial
Zanin, E. M., Maximiliano, J., Oliveira, A. C. P., Arpini, N. E., Duarte, D. W., Portinho, C. P., & Collares, M. V. M. (2020) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01972-z · Cited by 11
Otoplasty and its origins for the correction of prominent ears
Brenda, E., Marques, A., Pereira, M. D., & Zantut, P. E. (1995) · Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/s1010-5182(05)80455-x · Cited by 12
History of the aesthetic surgery of the ear
Davis, J., & Hernandez, H. H. (1978) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/bf01577941 · Cited by 12
Otoplasty for prominent ears with combined techniques
Bogetti, P., Boltri, M., Spagnoli, G., & Balocco, P. (2003) · European Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00238-003-0516-7 · Cited by 13
“The former aim was reached by means of anterior cartilaginous scoring described by Stenstrom [ 8 ], together with Mustarde stitches [6, 7] when this scoring proved to be insufficient.”
Method
An algorithm for otoplasty
Stal, S., Klebuc, M. J. A., & Spira, M. (1997) · Operative Techniques in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1016/s1071-0949(97)80002-9 · Cited by 12
Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of actinic keratoses.
Somani, N., & Rivers, J. K. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 11
Correction of the protruding ear with a modified anterior scoring technique
Lazaridis, N., Tilaveridis, I., Dimitrakopoulos, I., & Karakasis, D. (1998) · Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0278-2391(98)90105-7 · Cited by 11
Developmental Disorders of the Ear in Children and Adolescents
Braun, T. W., Hempel, J. M., & Berghaus, A. (2014) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2014.0092 · Cited by 9
Finesse in Otoplasty in Four Steps
Ribeiro, J. A. S., & da Silva, G. S. (2012) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-012-9914-1 · Cited by 10
“Stenstrom and Crysdale [13] described the biologic principles of cartilage”
Background
Otoplasty with Mustarde Suture, Cartilage Rasping, and Scratching
Sevin, K., & Sevin, A. (2006) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-006-0061-4 · Cited by 10
“The study of Gibson and Davis [11] investigating the ability of injured cartilage to warp away from the injured surface led to the Chongchet [2] and Stenstrom [26] techniques.”
Background
Notre expérience de l'otoplastie fondée sur l'étude de l'anatomie de la charpente cartilagineuse et particulièrement de la queue de l'hélix (à propos de 244 cas et 22 dissections anatomiques)
Gomulinski, L., Mauduy, M., & Saterre, J. (2005) · Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique · doi:10.1016/j.anplas.2005.02.002 · Cited by 10
“[8] Minderjahn A, Wolf R, Hildmann H. Mustarde's otoplasty - Evaluation of correlation between clinical and statistical findings.”
BackgroundInfluential
[Correction of deformities of the ear-auricle].
Walter, C. (1972) · PubMed · Cited by 10
The "Electric" Otoplasty
Epstein, J. S., Kabaker, S. S., & Swerdloff, J. L. (1999) · Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1001/archfaci.1.3.204 · Cited by 9
A technique for remodeling the antihelix to correct the prominent ear
Robiony, M., Costa, F., & Politi, M. (2001) · Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1053/joms.2001.19259 · Cited by 10
Otoplasty for prominent ears: personal technique and review of 150 consecutive cases
Colpaert, S. D. M., & Missotten, F. E. M. (2005) · European Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00238-005-0738-y · Cited by 10
“In 1963, Stenström introduced the Gibson principle to otoplasty by scoring the anterior surface of the ear cartilage [12, 21].”
Correction of Protruding Ears (Weerda Grade I Deformity) Using Knotless Bidirectional Barbed Absorbable Sutures
Taboada‐Suárez, A., Brea‐García, B., Couto‐González, I., & Vila‐Moriente, J. L. (2014) · Otolaryngology · doi:10.1177/0194599814551541 · Cited by 10
Otoplasty: a combined approach to different structures of the auricle
Hell, B., Gârbea, D., Heissler, E., Klein, M., Gath, H. J., & Langford, A. (1997) · International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0901-5027(97)80003-3 · Cited by 8

Authors: STENSTRÖM, S. J.
Corresponding author: STENSTRÖM, STEN J.
Venue: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1963-11
Volume: 32
Issue: 5
Pages: 509-518
ISSN: 0032-1052 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00006534-196311000-00003
OpenAlex: W2011954215
Cited by: 328
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 2.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Reconstructive Facial Surgery Techniques
Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Congenital Ear and Nasal Anomalies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
Keywords: prominent ears, congenital ear deformity, otoplasty
MeSH terms: Child, Ear Deformities, Acquired, Ear Diseases, Ear, External, Humans, Plastics, Surgery, Plastic

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A “NATURAL” TECHNIQUE FOR CORRECTION OF CONGENITALLY PROMINENT EARS

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