Depression and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Data From The Heart and Soul Study
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OBJECTIVE: Shortened telomere length has been associated with mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is considered as an emerging marker of biologic age. Whether depression is associated with telomere length or trajectory has not been evaluated in patients with CHD. METHODS: In a prospective cohort study, we measured leukocyte telomere length in 952 participants with stable CHD at baseline and in 608 of these participants after 5 years of follow-up. The presence of major depressive disorder in the past month was assessed using the computerized diagnostic interview schedule at baseline. We used linear and logistic regression models to evaluate the association of depression with baseline and 5-year change in leukocyte telomere length. RESULTS: Of the 952 participants, 206 (22%) had major depression at baseline. After the adjustment for age and sex, the patients with current major depressive disorder had shorter baseline telomere length than those without depression (mean [standard error] = 0.86 [0.02] versus 0.90 [0.01]; p = .02). This association was similar (but no longer statistically significant) after adjustment for body mass index, smoking, diabetes, left ventricular ejection fraction, statin use, antidepressant use, physical inactivity, and anxiety (0.85 [0.02] versus 0.89 [0.01], p = .06). Depression was not predictive of 5-year change in telomere length after adjustment for the mentioned covariates and baseline telomere length. CONCLUSIONS: Depression is associated with reduced leukocyte telomere length in patients with CHD but does not predict 5-year change in telomere length. Future research is necessary to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the association between depression and telomere length.
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Of the 11 MDD studies, seven found significantly shorter LTL in currently depressed individuals (or in individuals with mixed mood disorders including MDD) compared to controls, while four did not.
“Of these, seven found significantly shorter LTL in currently depressed individuals (or in individuals with mixed mood disorders including MDD) compared to controls (Garcia-Rizo et al., 2013; Hartmann et al., 2010; Hoen et al., 2011; Lung et al., 2007; Simon et al., 2006; Verhoeven et al., 2014a; Wikgren et al., 2012b), while four did not (Needham et al., 2014; Schaakxs et al., 2015; Teyssier et al”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Hoen et al., 2011
Hoen et al. (2011) found, in a large cohort of patients with coronary heart disease, that baseline MDD did not predict LTL five years later.
“Hoen et al. (2011) found, in a large cohort of patients with coronary heart disease, that baseline MDD did not predict LTL five years later, although it is possible that the association of coronary heart disease with LTL obscured an association with MDD.”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Hoen et al. (2011)
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- Authors
- Hoen, P. W., de Jonge, P., Na, B. Y., Farzaneh-Far, R., Epel, E., Lin, J., Blackburn, E., & Whooley, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hoen, Petra W.
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2011-09
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 541-547
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3161173
- OpenAlex
- W2048279184
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 8.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (R01 HL079235)
- American Heart Association
- Ischemia Research and Education Foundation (R01 HL079235)
- Health Services Research and Development
- Medical Research Council
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL079235)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- depression, leukocyte telomere length, coronary artery disease, telomere shortening, major depressive disorder, biological age, stable coronary artery disease
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Coronary Artery Disease, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Leukocytes, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Biomarkers, Chi-Square Distribution, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Telomere
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