Telomeres and early-life stress: an overview
Open accessAbstract
The long-term sequelae of adverse early-life experiences have long been a focus in psychiatry, with a historic neurobiological emphasis on physiological systems that are demonstrably stress-responsive, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neuroimmune function. However, there has been increasing recognition in the general medical literature that such sequelae might encompass more pervasive alterations in health status and physiology. Recent findings in telomere biology have suggested a new avenue for exploring the adverse health effects of childhood maltreatment. Telomere length in proliferative tissues declines with cell replication and the effect can be accelerated by such factors as inflammation, oxidative stress, radiation, and toxins. Reduced telomere length, as a proxy for cellular aging, has been associated with numerous chronic somatic diseases that are generally considered to be diseases of aging, such as diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. More recently, shorter telomeres have been demonstrated in several psychiatric conditions, particularly depression. Sustained psychosocial stress of a variety of types in adulthood appears to be associated with shorter telomeres. Now, emerging work suggests a robust, and perhaps dose-dependent, relationship with early-life stress. These findings present new opportunities to reconceptualize the complex relationships between experience, physical and psychiatric disease, and aging.
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Not only has PTSD been associated with shorter telomere length, but also the experience of ELS/CT.
“Not only has PTSD been associated with shorter telomere length, but also the experience of ELS/CT (257–260).”
From Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation (2019) · cites this paper as [258]
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Low, F. M., Gluckman, P. D., & Hanson, M. A. (2011) · Epigenomics · doi:10.2217/epi.11.17 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
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Zhang, D., Cheng, L., Craig, D. W., Redman, M., & Liu, C. (2010) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10519-010-9338-0 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Investigation of telomere length and psychological stress in rape victims
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Hostility and Cellular Aging in Men from the Whitehall II Cohort
Brydon, L., Lin, J., Butcher, L., Hamer, M., Erusalimsky, J. D., Blackburn, E. H., & Steptoe, A. (2011) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.08.020 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Telomere length and psychological well-being in patients with chronic heart failure
Huzen, J., van der Harst, P., de Boer, R. A., Lesman‐Leegte, I., Voors, A. A., van Gilst, W. H., Samani, N. J., Jaarsma, T., & van Veldhuisen, D. J. (2010) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afp256 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Telomere length measurement by Q-FISH
Slijepčević, P. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0330-8_3 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
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Telomere Length and Mental Well-Being in Elderly Men from the Netherlands and Greece
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Telomere length measurement by Q-FISH
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Flow cytometric measurement of telomere length
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Dietary Restraint and Telomere Length in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women
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Shorter Telomere Length in Peripheral Blood Cells Associated With Migraine in Women
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The social determinants of health: It’s time to consider the causes of the causes
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The effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function and connectivity
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Self-citationDepression and telomere length: a meta-analysis
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Telomere length and cortisol reactivity in children of depressed mothers
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Psychosocial Factors in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk
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“Excessive glucocorticoid and immune activation resulting from chronic or early stress exposure may lead to telomere shortening, a cellular marker of aging that has been linked to morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer, in addition to MDD and bipolar disorder (67).”
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How “reversible” is telomeric aging?
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Why are there associations between telomere length and behaviour?
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Cell-free DNA and telomere length among women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment
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- Authors
- Price, L. H., Kao, H.-T., Burgers, D. E., Carpenter, L. L., & Tyrka, A. R.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Butler Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tyrka, Audrey R.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-23
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3495091
- OpenAlex
- W2056403132
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- AstraZeneca
- National Institutes of Health
- Medtronic
- Health Resources and Services Administration
- NeoSync
- Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research
- Abbott Laboratories
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- telomere length, early life stress, child abuse, cellular aging, psychosocial stress, depression, oxidative stress, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuroimmune function
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Mental Disorders, Humans, Stress, Psychological, Telomere, Telomere Shortening
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