Prosocial behaviour emerges independent of reciprocity in cottontop tamarins
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The cooperative breeding hypothesis posits that cooperatively breeding species are motivated to act prosocially, that is, to behave in ways that provide benefits to others, and that cooperative breeding has played a central role in the evolution of human prosociality. However, investigations of prosocial behaviour in cooperative breeders have produced varying results and the mechanisms contributing to this variation are unknown. We investigated whether reciprocity would facilitate prosocial behaviour among cottontop tamarins, a cooperatively breeding primate species likely to engage in reciprocal altruism, by comparing the number of food rewards transferred to partners who had either immediately previously provided or denied rewards to the subject. Subjects were also tested in a non-social control condition. Overall, results indicated that reciprocity increased food transfers. However, temporal analyses revealed that when the tamarins' behaviour was evaluated in relation to the non-social control, results were best explained by (i) an initial depression in the transfer of rewards to partners who recently denied rewards, and (ii) a prosocial effect that emerged late in sessions independent of reciprocity. These results support the cooperative breeding hypothesis, but suggest a minimal role for positive reciprocity, and emphasize the importance of investigating proximate temporal mechanisms underlying prosocial behaviour.
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Untreated marmosets, tamarins, and capuchins have each demonstrated some form of spontaneous other-regarding preferences toward familiar partners.
“Untreated marmosets (Burkart et al., 2007), tamarins (Cronin et al., 2010), and capuchins (Lakshminarayanan and Santos, 2008) have each demonstrated some form of spontaneous other-regarding preferences toward familiar partners”
From Neuropeptide diversity and the regulation of social behavior in New World primates (2016) · cites this paper as Cronin et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Cronin, K. A., Schroeder, K. K. E., & Snowdon, C. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2010-07-14
- Volume
- 277
- Issue
- 1701
- Pages
- 3845-3851
- ISSN
- 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
- 0962-8452
- 1471-2954
- PMC
- PMC2992700
- OpenAlex
- W2101300059
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 15.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- prosocial behavior, reciprocity, reciprocal altruism, food sharing, primate social behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Female, Male, Random Allocation, Saguinus, Social Behavior, Video Recording, Linear Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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