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Personality Dimensions in Nonhuman Animals: A Cross-Species Review
Abstract
The evolutionary continuity between humans and other animals suggests that some dimensions of personality may be common across a wide range of species. Unfortunately, there is no unified body of research on animal personality; studies are dispersed across multiple disciplines and diverse journals. To review 19 studies of personality factors in 12 nonhuman species, we used the human Five-Factor Model plus Dominance and Activity as a preliminary framework. Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Agreeableness showed the strongest cross-species generality, followed by Openness; a separate Conscientiousness dimension appeared only in chimpanzees, humans' closest relatives. Cross-species evidence was modest for a separate Dominance dimension but scant for Activity. The comparative approach taken here offers a fresh perspective on human personality and should facilitate hypothesis-driven research on the social and biological bases of personality.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gosling, S. D., & John, O. P.
- Venue
- Current Directions in Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 69-75
- ISSN
- 0963-7214 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8721
- OpenAlex
- W2153361728
- Cited by
- 871
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 11.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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