Measurements of nasal airflow and patency: a critical review with emphasis on the use of peak nasal inspiratory flow in daily practice
Open accessAbstract
Objective measures can be used to assist the clinician to diagnose and treat nasal obstruction and also to quantify nasal obstruction in research. Objective measurements of nasal obstruction are as important as objective measurements of lung function. peak nasal inspiratory flow ( PNIF ), acoustic rhinometry ( AR ) and rhinomanometry ( RM ), with their specific peculiarity, assess different aspects of nasal obstruction. From the studies available in the literature, it seems that these methods roughly correlate with each other and that all of them can be alternatively utilized very well in research as well as in clinical practice. This review describes the various methods that can be used to measure nasal patency, airflow and resistance, mainly peak nasal inspiratory flow, rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry. PNIF has been demonstrated to be reproducible and as good an indication of objective nasal patency as formal rhinomanometry and has the advantage to be cheap, simple and suitable for serial measurements and for home use even in the paediatric population. PNIF normative data are available for children, adults and elderly subjects, and the availability of unilateral PNIF normal values allows evaluation of nasal sides separately. Just as in the lower airways, objective and subjective evaluation gives different information that together optimizes the diagnosis and the treatment of our patients. We argue that PNIF should be used regularly in every outpatient clinic that treats patients with nasal obstruction.
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Measurements cannot be taken if nasal collapse occurs or when there are very serious obstructions.
“Measurements cannot be taken if nasal collapse occurs or when there are very serious obstructions [54].”
From Position Paper on Nasal Obstruction: Evaluation and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [54]
The indexed Abstract discusses methods for measuring nasal obstruction but does not address whether measurements become impossible during nasal collapse or very severe obstruction. Searches for those conditions and for measurement limitations found no passage establishing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.70)
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Nasal Airway Volume and Resistance to Airflow
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Nasal peak inspiratory flow and clinical score in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis.
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Self-citationNorth African reference equation for peak nasal inspiratory flow
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Correlation between peak nasal inspiratory flow and peak expiratory flow in children and adolescents
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Removing nasal valve obstruction in peak nasal inspiratory flow measurement
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Self-citationThe determining factors of peak nasal inspiratory flow and perception of nasal airflow in asthmatics
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Reference values for acoustic rhinometry in children at baseline and after decongestion
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Physiological versus Pharmacological Decongestion of the Nose in Healthy Human Subjects
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Comparison of classic and 4-phase rhinomanometry methods, is there any difference?
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Intersession Repeatability of Acoustic Rhinometry Measurements in Healthy Volunteers
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Objective measurements of nasal function: necessary before nasal surgery?
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Self-citationNasopharyngeal biopsy in adults: a large-scale study in a non endemic area
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Improvement of nasal breathing and patient satisfaction by the endonasal dilator Airmax®
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Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow : apprentissage de la méthode de mesure et reproductibilité
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Evaluation of the nasal contractility capacity in postmenopausal women
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Does the contraceptive pill influence peak nasal inspiratory flow values?
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Self-citationNasal response in patients with diisocyanate asthma
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Improvement of nasal breathing and patient satisfaction by the endonasal dilator Airmax®
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Can reversibility of nasal obstruction predict the grade of bronchial hyperreactivity?
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International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis
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Self-citationInternational consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Allergic rhinitis – 2023
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Self-citationEuropean position paper on diagnostic tools in rhinology
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Self-citationThe internal nasal valve: a validated grading system and operative guide
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A crosslinked eutectogel for ultrasensitive pressure and temperature monitoring from nostril airflow
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Recent developments and highlights in rhinitis and allergen immunotherapy
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Self-citationPeak nasal inspiratory flow measurement and visual analogue scale in a large adult population
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Self-citationComparison between unilateral PNIF and rhinomanometry in the evaluation of nasal cycle
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Peak nasal inspiratory flow is a useful measure of nasal airflow in functional septorhinoplasty
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Self-citationWhat are the clinically important outcome measures in the surgical management of nasal obstruction?
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Self-citationMeasuring Nasal Patency and the Sense of Smell in CRSwNP Patients Treated with Dupilumab
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Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust
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- Authors
- Ottaviano, G., & Fokkens, W. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Padua (IT)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Fokkens, W. J.
- Venue
- Allergy
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-01-20
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 162-174
- ISSN
- 0105-4538 (ISSN-L)
- 1398-9995
- OpenAlex
- W1867751925
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 2.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- pure.amsterdamumc.nl
- Licence
- Locations
- Allergy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Sinusitis and nasal conditions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Keywords
- nasal obstruction, peak nasal inspiratory flow, nasal patency, nasal airflow, nasal resistance, acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry, reference values, pediatric patients
- MeSH terms
- Airway Resistance, Humans, Nose, Respiratory Function Tests, Spirometry, Reproducibility of Results, Nasal Obstruction, Rhinometry, Acoustic, Rhinomanometry
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