Caffeine protects against increased risk-taking propensity during severe sleep deprivation: Caffeine and risk-taking
Abstract
Previous research suggests that sleep deprivation is associated with declines in metabolic activity within brain regions important for judgement and impulse control, yet previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of sleep loss and caffeine on risk-taking. In this study, 25 healthy adults (21 men, four women) completed the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) and Evaluation of Risks (EVAR) scale at regular intervals to examine behavioral and self-reported risk-taking propensity during 75 h of continuous sleep deprivation. Participants received either four double-blind administrations of 200 mg caffeine (n=12) or indistinguishable placebo (n=13) gum bi-hourly during each of the 3 nights of sleep deprivation. No significant effects of drug group or sleep deprivation were evident on the BART or EVAR when measured at 51 h of wakefulness. However, by 75 h, the placebo group showed a significant increase in risk-taking behavior on the cost-benefit ratio and total number of exploded balloons on the BART, whereas the caffeine group remained at baseline levels. On the EVAR, several factors of self-reported risk-taking propensity, including total risk, impulsivity and risk/thrill seeking, were reduced among subjects receiving caffeine across the 3 days of sleep deprivation, but remained at baseline levels for the placebo group. These results suggest that 3 nights of total sleep deprivation led to a significant increase in behavioral risk-taking but not self-reported perception of risk-propensity. Overnight caffeine prevented this increase in risky behavior.
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Prior research has found an association between sleep deprivation and risk taking on the BART in adults.
“Prior research has used the BART in adults to examine risk taking and sleep and has found an association between sleep deprivation and risk taking on the task (Killgore et al., 2011).”
From The effects of poor quality sleep on brain function and risk taking in adolescence (2013) · cites this paper as Killgore et al., 2011
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- Authors
- KILLGORE, W. D. S., KAMIMORI, G. H., & BALKIN, T. J.
- Affiliations
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- KILLGORE, WILLIAM D. S.
- Venue
- Journal of Sleep Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-10-14
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 395-403
- ISSN
- 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1832882029
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- caffeine, sleep deprivation, risk-taking, Balloon Analogue Risk Task, impulsivity, cost-benefit decision making, prolonged wakefulness
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Brain, Caffeine, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Risk-Taking, Sleep Deprivation, Young Adult
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