Gambling when sleep deprived: don't bet on stimulants
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that sleep deprivation leads to suboptimal decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a pattern that appears to be unaffected by moderate doses of caffeine. It is not known whether impaired decision-making could be reversed by higher doses of caffeine or by other stimulant countermeasures, such as dextroamphetamine or modafinil. Fifty-four diurnally active healthy subjects completed alternate versions of the IGT at rested baseline, at 23 and 46 h awake, and following a night of recovery sleep. After 44 h awake, participants received a double-blind dose of caffeine (600 mg), dextroamphetamine (20 mg), modafinil (400 mg), or placebo. At baseline, participants showed a normal pattern of advantageous performance, whereas both sleep-deprived sessions were associated with suboptimal decision-making on the IGT. Following stimulant administration on the second night of sleep deprivation, groups receiving caffeine, dextroamphetamine, or modafinil showed significant reduction in subjective sleepiness and improvement in psychomotor vigilance, but decision-making on the IGT remained impaired for all stimulants and did not differ from placebo. Decision-making returned to normal following recovery sleep. These findings are consistent with prior research showing that sleep deprivation leads to suboptimal decision-making on some types of tasks, particularly those that rely heavily on emotion processing regions of the brain, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, the deficits in decision-making were not reversed by commonly used stimulant countermeasures, despite restoration of psychomotor vigilance and alertness. These three stimulants may restore some, but not all, aspects of cognitive functioning during sleep deprivation.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Reduced sleep duration has been shown to cause impairments in working memory, executive function, processing speed, and cognitive throughput.
“For example, reduced sleep duration has been shown to cause impairments in working memory,91 executive function,92 processing speed,93–95 and cognitive throughput.96”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [92]
Some effects may be rescued with stimulants such as caffeine, but effects on executive function particularly do not seem to be rescued.
“Although some of these effects may be rescued with stimulants such as caffeine, the effects on executive function particularly do not seem to be rescued.92”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [92]
Cites
(1994) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 10,542 · see citing works
Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex
Bechara, A., Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H., & Anderson, S. W. (1994) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3 · Cited by 6,128 · see citing works
Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy
Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5304.1293 · Cited by 3,547 · see citing works
Van Dongen, H. P. A., Maislin, G., Mullington, J. M., & Dinges, D. F. (2003) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/26.2.117 · Cited by 3,173 · see citing works
Subjective and objective sleepiness in the active individual
Åkerstedt, T., & Gillberg, M. (1990) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.3109/00207459008994241 · Cited by 3,088 · see citing works
The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the prefrontal cortex
Damasio, A. R. (1996) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1996.0125 · Cited by 2,847 · see citing works
Bechara, A., Tranel, D., & Damásio, H. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.11.2189 · Cited by 1,919 · see citing works
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognition
Killgore, W. D. S. (2010) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53702-7.00007-5 · Cited by 1,421 · see citing works
The human emotional brain without sleep—a prefrontal amygdala disconnect
Yoo, S.-S., Gujar, N., Hu, P., Jolesz, F. A., & Walker, M. P. (2007) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.08.007 · Cited by 1,303 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The reduced top-down regulation of emotional processing (Yoo et al., 2007) and the increased reliance on automatic processing that emerges during sleep deprivation (Dickinson & Drummond, 2008) may amplify the effects of the context, emotional pull, or “frame” of the situation (McKenna et al.”
BackgroundThe impact of sleep deprivation on decision making: A review.
Harrison, Y., & Horne, J. A. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied · doi:10.1037/1076-898x.6.3.236 · Cited by 1,238 · see citing works
<i>Sleep Deprivation and Vigilant Attention</i>
Lim, J., & Dinges, D. F. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1417.002 · Cited by 1,213 · see citing works
Bechara, A. (2004) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2003.04.001 · Cited by 1,167 · see citing works
ETHICS AND METHODS FOR BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM RESEARCH ON ANIMALS AND HUMAN BEINGS
Portaluppi, F., Smolensky, M. H., & Touitou, Y. (2010) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.516381 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works
Overnight therapy? The role of sleep in emotional brain processing
Walker, M. P., & van der Helm, E. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0016570 · Cited by 1,087 · see citing works
Thomas, M., Sing, H., Belenky, G., Holcomb, H., Mayberg, H., Dannals, R., Wagner JR., H., Thorne, D., Popp, K., Rowland, L., et al. (2000) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2869.2000.00225.x · Cited by 1,066 · see citing works
Impaired decision making following 49 h of sleep deprivation
Killgore, W., Balkin, T., & Wesensten, N. (2006) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00487.x · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Venkatraman, V., Chuah, Y. L., Huettel, S. A., & Chee, M. W. (2007) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.5.603 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
The Iowa Gambling Task in fMRI images
Li, X., Lu, Z., D’Argembeau, A., Ng, M., & Bechara, A. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20875 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Sleep Loss and “Divergent” Thinking Ability
Horne, J. A. (1988) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/11.6.528 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Cognitive consequences of sleep and sleep loss
Walker, M. P. (2008) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1389-9457(08)70014-5 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Effects of two nights sleep deprivation and two nights recovery sleep on response inhibition
Drummond, S. P. A., Paulus, M. P., & Tapert, S. F. (2006) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00535.x · Cited by 269 · see citing works
The effects of one night of sleep deprivation on known-risk and ambiguous-risk decisions
MCKENNA, B. S., DICKINSON, D. L., ORFF, H. J., & DRUMMOND, S. P. A. (2007) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2007.00591.x · Cited by 246 · see citing works
The effects of 53 hours of sleep deprivation on moral judgment
Killgore, W. D. S., Killgore, D. B., Day, L. M., Li, C., Kamimori, G. H., & Balkin, T. J. (2007) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.3.345 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationSleep deprivation biases the neural mechanisms underlying economic preferences
Venkatraman, V., Huettel, S. A., Chuah, L. Y. M., Payne, J. W., & Chee, M. W. L. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4407-10.2011 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
The Walter Reed palm-held psychomotor vigilance test
Thorne, D. R., Johnson, D. E., Redmond, D. P., Sing, H. C., Belenky, G., & Shapiro, J. M. (2005) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03206404 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Bargaining and trust: the effects of 36‐h total sleep deprivation on socially interactive decisions
Anderson, C., & Dickinson, D. L. (2009) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2009.00767.x · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Morningness-Eveningness Traits on Risk-Taking
Killgore, W. D. S. (2007) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.100.2.613-626 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Killgore, W. D. S., Kahn-Greene, E. T., Grugle, N. L., Killgore, D. B., & Balkin, T. J. (2009) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/32.2.205 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationKillgore, W. D. S., Rupp, T. L., Grugle, N. L., Reichardt, R. M., Lipizzi, E. L., & Balkin, T. J. (2008) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00654.x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Northoff, G., Grimm, S., Boeker, H., Schmidt, C. F., Bermpohl, F., Heinzel, A., Hell, D., & Boesiger, P. (2005) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20202 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Caffeine Effects on Risky Decision Making After 75 Hours of Sleep Deprivation
Killgore, W. D. S., Lipizzi, E. L., Kamimori, G. H., & Balkin, T. J. (2007) · Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.3357/asem.2106.2007 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
KILLGORE, W. D. S., KAMIMORI, G. H., & BALKIN, T. J. (2011) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00893.x · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Odor identification accuracy declines following 24 h of sleep deprivation
Killgore, W. D. S., & McBride, S. (2006) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00502.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Killgore, W. D. S., McBride, S. A., Killgore, D. B., & Balkin, T. J. (2006) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/29.6.841 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Restoration of Risk-Propensity During Sleep Deprivation: Caffeine, Dextroamphetamine, and Modafinil
Killgore, W. D. S., Grugle, N. L., Killgore, D. B., Leavitt, B. P., Watlington, G. I., McNair, S., & Balkin, T. J. (2008) · Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.3357/asem.2259.2008 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The influence of time awake and circadian rhythm upon performance on a frontal lobe task
Harrison, Y. D., Jones, K., & Waterhouse, J. M. (2007) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.12.012 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Gottselig, J. M., Adam, M., Rétey, J., Khatami, R., Achermann, P., & Landolt, H. (2006) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00497.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Modafinil restores memory performance and neural activity impaired by sleep deprivation in mice
Piérard, C., Liscia, P., Philippin, J.-N., Mons, N. E., Lafon, T., Chauveau, F., VanBeers, P., Drouet, I., SERRA, A., & Jouanin, J. (2007) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2007.07.006 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The effects of total sleep deprivation on bayesian updating
Dickinson, D. L., & Drummond, S. P. A. (2008) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500001522 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Lack of Degradation in Visuospatial Perception of Line Orientation after One Night of Sleep Loss
Killgore, W. D. S., Kendall, A. P., Richards, J., & McBride, S. (2007) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.105.1.276-286 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
LACK OF DEGRADATION IN VISUOSPATIAL PERCEPTION OF LINE ORIENTATION AFTER ONE NIGHT OF SLEEP LOSS
Killgore, W. D. S. (2007) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.105.5.276-286 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Grandner, M. A. (2017) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2016.10.012 · Cited by 720 · see citing works
Negative Impacts of Shiftwork and Long Work Hours
Caruso, C. C. (2014) · Rehabilitation Nursing · doi:10.1002/rnj.107 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation, and human performance
Goel, N., Basner, M., Rao, H., & Dinges, D. F. (2013) · Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396971-2.00007-5 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
“lants to counteract the effects of sleep deprivation seems to depend on the cognitive domain studied.(168)”
Optimizing sleep to maximize performance: implications and recommendations for elite athletes
Simpson, N. S., Gibbs, E. L., & Matheson, G. O. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12703 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Adenosine, caffeine, and sleep–wake regulation: state of the science and perspectives
Reichert, C. F., Deboer, T., & Landolt, H. (2022) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13597 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
“…or after sleep restriction) (Aggarwal et al., 2011; Beaumont et al., 2001; Dagan & Doljansky, 2006; Hansen et al., 2019; Killgore et al., 2006; Killgore et al., 2012; Killgore & Kamimori, 2020; Kohler et al., 2006; Landolt et al., 2004; Lieberman et al., 2002; Paech et al., 2016; Patat et…”
BackgroundGrandner, M. A. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.001 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Gómez‐García, T., Ruzafa‐Martínez, M., Fuentelsaz‐Gallego, C., Madrid, J. A., Rol, M. A., Martínez-Madrid, M. J., & Moreno‐Casbas, T. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012073 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Grandner, M. A. (2020) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.02.017 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Whitney, P. J., Hinson, J. M., Jackson, M. L., & Dongen, H. P. A. V. (2015) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.4668 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
The Impact of Sleep Disruption on Complex Cognitive Tasks: A Meta-Analysis
Wickens, C. D., Hutchins, S. D., Laux, L., & Sebok, A. (2015) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/0018720815571935 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Sleep duration and risk-taking in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Short, M. A., & Weber, N. (2018) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.03.006 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Adenosine, Caffeine, and Performance: From Cognitive Neuroscience of Sleep to Sleep Pharmacogenetics
Urry, E., & Landolt, H. (2014) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2014_274 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Sleep Loss and Risk-Taking Behavior: A Review of the Literature
Womack, S. D., Hook, J. N., Reyna, S. H., & Ramos, M. J. (2013) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2012.703628 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Czeisler, C. A., Wickwire, E. M., Barger, L. K., Dement, W. C., Gamble, K. L., Hartenbaum, N. P., Ohayon, M. M., Pelayo, R., Phillips, B. A., Strohl, K. P., et al. (2016) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2016.04.003 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Addressing sleep disturbances: an opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease?
Grandner, M. A. (2014) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540261.2014.911148 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“In particular, sleep deprivation impairs decisionmaking (Killgore, 2010; Killgore et al., 2007, 2008a, 2008b, 2009a, 2009b, 2012).”
BackgroundSatterfield, B. C., & Dongen, H. P. A. V. (2013) · Fatigue Biomedicine Health & Behavior · doi:10.1080/21641846.2013.798923 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Sleep restriction and circadian effects on social decisions
Dickinson, D. L., & McElroy, T. (2017) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2017.05.002 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Lin, W., Wang, H., Gong, L., Lai, G., Zhao, X., Ding, H., & Wang, Y. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.081 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Thurman, S. M., Wasylyshyn, N., Roy, H., Lieberman, G., Garcia, J. O., Asturias, A., Okafor, G. N., Elliott, J. C., Giesbrecht, B., Grafton, S. T., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191883 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Lau, E. Y. Y., Wong, M. L., Ng, E. C. W., Hui, C.-C. H., Cheung, S. F., & Mok, D. S. (2013) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.789895 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Daytime sleepiness affects prefrontal regulation of food intake
Killgore, W. D. S., Schwab, Z. J., Weber, M., Kipman, M., DelDonno, S. R., Weiner, M. R., & Rauch, S. L. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.018 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Sleep and Entrepreneurs’ Abilities to Imagine and Form Initial Beliefs About New Venture Ideas
Gish, J. J., Wagner, D. T., Grégoire, D. A., & Barnes, C. M. (2019) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.06.004 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Insufficient sleep: Enhanced risk‐seeking relates to low local sleep intensity
Maric, A., Montvai, E., Werth, E., Storz, M., Leemann, J., Weissengruber, S., Ruff, C. C., Huber, R., Poryazova, R., & Baumann, C. R. (2017) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25023 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Sleep Deprivation and Cognitive Performance
Killgore, W. D. S., & Weber, M. (2014) · Sleep Deprivation and Disease · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-9087-6_16 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Grandner, M. A. (2017) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2017.07.014 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Implications of sleep and energy drink use for health disparities
Grandner, M. A., Knutson, K. L., Troxel, W., Hale, L. E., Jean‐Louis, G., & Miller, K. E. (2014) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/nure.12137 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Killgore, W. D. S., Schwab, Z. J., & Weiner, M. R. (2012) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e3283565056 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Working throughout the night: beyond 'sleepiness'--impairments to critical decision making.
Horne, J. (2012) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.08.005 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Khatony, A., Zakiei, A., Khazaie, H., Rezaei, M., & Janatolmakan, M. (2019) · Nursing Administration Quarterly · doi:10.1097/naq.0000000000000397 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Sleep loss, executive function, and decision-making
Satterfield, B. C., & Killgore, W. D. S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815373-4.00026-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mantua, J., Bessey, A. F., Mickelson, C. A., Choynowski, J. J., Noble, J. J., Burke, T. M., McKeon, A. B., & Sowden, W. J. (2021) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsaa221 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The Cost of Sleep Lost: Implications for Health, Performance, and the Bottom Line
Grandner, M. A. (2018) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/0890117118790621a · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Unraveling the genetic underpinnings of sleep deprivation-induced impairments in human cognition
Satterfield, B. C., Stucky, B., Landolt, H., & Dongen, H. P. A. V. (2019) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.026 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Legitimacy of concerns about caffeine and energy drink consumption
Wesensten, N. J. (2014) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/nure.12146 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Olson, E. A., Weber, M., Rauch, S. L., & Killgore, W. D. S. (2014) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2014.974182 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Effect of Psychostimulants on Impulsivity and Risk Taking in Narcolepsy with Cataplexy
Bayard, S., Langenier, M. C., & Dauvilliers, Y. A. (2013) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.2958 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Paech, G., Banks, S., Pajcin, M., Grant, C. L., Johnson, K. T., Kamimori, G., & Vedova, C. D. D. (2016) · Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2016.03.011 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Seeley, C. J., Smith, C. T., MacDonald, K. J., & Beninger, R. J. (2016) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/bne0000123 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Bidirectional Relationship Between Sleep and Health
Stewart, E. M., Landry, S. A., Edwards, B. A., & Drummond, S. P. A. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119057840.ch200 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Li, Y., Fang, W., Qiu, H., & Wang, J. (2024) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2024.103589 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Sleepiness and Behavioral Risk-Taking: Do Sleepy People Take More or Less Risk?
Hisler, G. C., & Križan, Z. (2017) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2017.1357122 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Slow-wave sleep during a brief nap is related to reduced cognitive deficits during sleep deprivation
Stepan, M. E., Altmann, E. M., & Fenn, K. M. (2021) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab152 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Voluntary Sleep Choice and Its Effects on Bayesian Decisions
Dickinson, D. L., Drummond, S. P. A., & Dyche, J. (2015) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2015.1028064 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Influence of Shift Work on the Quality of Sleep and Executive Functions
Athar, M. E., Vahid, M. K. A., & Ashouri, A. (2020) · Journal of Circadian Rhythms · doi:10.5334/jcr.194 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Bayesian versus heuristic-based choice under sleep restriction and suboptimal times of day
Dickinson, D. L., & McElroy, T. (2019) · Games and Economic Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.geb.2019.02.011 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Caffeine improves the efficiency of planning and sequencing abilities during sleep deprivation.
Killgore, W., Kamimori, G., & Balkin, T. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000184 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Effect of Shift Work on Cognitive Function in Chinese Coal Mine Workers: A Resting-State fNIRS Study
Tian, F., Li, H., Tian, S., Shao, J., & Tian, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19074217 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Temperature’s Toll on Decision-Making
Carías, M. E., Johnston, D. W., Knott, R. J., & Sweeney, R. (2024) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1093/ej/ueae036 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
How sleep can help maximize human potential: The role of leaders
Teyhen, D. S., Capaldi, V. F., Drummond, S. P. A., Rhon, D. I., Barrett, A. S., Silvernail, J. L., & Boland, D. M. (2021) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2021.08.012 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Caffeine's influence on gambling behavior and other types of impulsivity
Grant, J. E., & Chamberlain, S. R. (2017) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.007 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The effects of sleep deprivation on risky decision making
Wei, X., Ma, J., Liu, S., Li, S., Shi, S., Guo, X., & Liu, Z. (2024) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-024-02549-6 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Sleep Deprivation and Behavioral Risk-Taking
Killgore, W. D. S. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-420168-2.00030-2 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The impact of sleep loss on decision making: Opening the cognitive black box.
Lim, J. Y. L., Killgore, W. D., Bennett, D., & Drummond, S. P. A. (2025) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2025.102114 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Satterfield, B. C., Raikes, A. C., & Killgore, W. D. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00749 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Breaking Up Sitting with Light-Intensity Physical Activity: Implications for Shift-Workers
Vincent, G. E., Jay, S. M., Vandelanotte, C., & Ferguson, S. A. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14101233 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
DEEP Sleep: The Impact of Sleep on Financial Risk Taking
Nofsinger, J. R., & Shank, C. A. (2018) · Review of Financial Economics · doi:10.1002/rfe.1034 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The effect of self‐regulated caffeine use on cognition in young adults
Harvanko, A. M., Derbyshire, K. L., Schreiber, L. R. N., & Grant, J. E. (2015) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.2464 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Zubedat, S., Freed, Y., Eshed, Y., Cymerblit‐Sabba, A., Ritter, A., Nachmani, M., Harush, R., Aga‐Mizrachi, S., & Avital, A. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.08.021 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sundelin, T., Bayard, F., Schwarz, J., Cybulski, Ł., Petrović, P., & Axelsson, J. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44237-9 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Seeley, C. J., Beninger, R. J., & Smith, C. T. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112056 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Understanding the Mechanisms Underlying Gambling Behaviour and Sleep
Loft, M., & Loo, J. M. Y. (2014) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-014-9514-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
An External Focus of Attention is Effective for Balance Control when Sleep-deprived
Diekfuss, J. A., Janssen, J. A., Slutsky, A. B., Berry, N. T., Etnier, J. L., Wideman, L., & Raisbeck, L. D. (2018) · International journal of exercise science · doi:10.70252/vany4236 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sleep loss and risk-taking: new findings in a field that needs more clarity
Massar, S. A. A. (2021) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab013 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Need for cognition moderates the impairment of decision making caused by nightshift work in nurses
Peng, J., Lu, H., Zhang, J., Shao, Y., Wang, L., & Lv, J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-05843-2 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Stimulant substance use and gambling behaviour in adolescents. Gambling and stimulant use
Buja, A., Mortali, C., Mastrobattista, L., Battisti, E. D., Minutillo, A., Pichini, S., Grotto, G., Genetti, B., Vian, P., Andreotti, A., et al. (2020) · Adicciones · doi:10.20882/adicciones.1312 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Carmassi, C., Sanabria, F. C., Gravina, D., Violi, M., Bonelli, C., Dell’Oste, V., Pedrinelli, V., Frumento, P., Faraguna, U., & Dell’Osso, L. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20043566 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Overnight Sleep Loss and “Executive” Decision Making—Subtle Findings
Horne, J. (2013) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.2700 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Local slow-wave activity over the right prefrontal cortex reveals individual risk preferences
Studler, M., Gianotti, L. R. R., Koch, K., Hausfeld, J., Tarokh, L., Maric, A., & Knoch, D. (2022) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119086 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
What Time Will It Be? A Comprehensive Literature Review on Daylight Saving Time
Neumann, P., & von Blanckenburg, K. (2025) · Time & Society · doi:10.1177/0961463x241310562 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Gijselaers, H. J. M., Elena, B., Kirschner, P. A., & de Groot, R. H. M. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00642 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Sleep in Social Cognition and Judgment
Satterfield, B. C., Raikes, A. C., & Killgore, W. D. S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30628-1_4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Xu, S., Liu, Q., & Wang, C. (2021) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107864 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Li, X., Liu, H., Kuang, M., Li, H., He, W., & Luo, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159544 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Leenaars, C. H. C., van der Mierden, S., Joosten, R. N. J. M. A., der Weide, M. A. V., Schirris, M., Demattéis, M., Meijboom, F. L. B., Feenstra, M. G. P., & Bleich, A. (2021) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep3010003 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Deciphering Age Differences in Experience-Based Decision-Making: The Role of Sleep
Peng, X.-R., Liu, Y., Fan, D., Lei, X., Liu, Q., & Yu, J. (2020) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s272176 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Peng, J., Lumimg, Z. H. A. O., Fang, P., Cao, Y., Miao, D., & Xiao, W. (2020) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.01789 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hoof, T. J. V., Madan, C. R., Sumeracki, M. A., & Meehan, T. P. (2024) · Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions · doi:10.1097/ceh.0000000000000556 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sleep restriction increases coordination failure
Castillo, M. E., & Dickinson, D. L. (2022) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2022.06.001 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Effect of Continuous Wakefulness on Complex Cognitive Task Performance
Hutchins, S., Laux, L., Wickens, C. D., & Sebok, A. L. (2013) · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · doi:10.1177/1541931213571173 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
DEEP Sleep: The Impact of Sleep on Financial Risk TakingPreprint
Nofsinger, J. R., & Shank, C. A. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3017965 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sleep restriction increases reward sensitivity during sequential updating
Lim, J. Y. L., Bennett, D., & Drummond, S. P. A. (2025) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsaf354 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Caffeine and Naps as Countermeasures for Sleep Loss
Alameddine, Y. A., Klerman, E. B., & Bianchi, M. T. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-9087-6_17 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Insufficient Sleep
Grandner, M. A. (2022) · Translational medicine research · doi:10.1007/978-94-024-2168-2_5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Influences of sleep, cortisol reactivity, and risk/reward-based decision-making on suicide
Law, K. C., O’Connell, K. L., Jacobson, S. V., Baer, M. M., Baker, P. M., & Tull, M. T. (2024) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2024.101975 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cosmetic Neurocognitive Enhancement and Healthcare Providers
Gunter, T. D. (2015) · Indiana Health Law Review · doi:10.18060/3911.0007 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A META-ANALYSIS OF PRESCRIPTION STIMULANT EFFICACY: ARE STIMULANTS NEUROCOGNITIVE ENHANCERS?
Marraccini, M. E. (2015) · doi:10.23860/diss-marraccini-marisa-2015 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Understanding Latine disparities in nocturnal wakefulness as a suicide risk factor
Fernandez, F., Tubbs, A. S., Perlis, M. L., & Grandner, M. A. (2025) · Sleep Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.sleepe.2025.100117 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Social-ecological model of sleep health
Grandner, M. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13954-3.00011-5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sleepless Nights and Bulging Waistlines
Killgore, W. D. S. (2012) · Journal of Sleep Disorders Treatment & Care · doi:10.4172/2325-9639.1000e101 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Thorne, H. B., Rockloff, M., Vincent, G. E., Browne, M., & Ferguson, S. A. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-02027-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Killgore, W. D. S. (2014) · doi:10.21236/ada610795 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Risk Taking Behaviour in Young Adults: The Role of Sleep and Associated Psychophysiological States
Rossa, K. R. (2018) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.118059 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Spéculation boursière en ligne : addiction à Internet ou addiction au jeu ?
Launois, S. H., Ruel, C., Jenny, O., & Pépin, J. (2012) · Médecine du Sommeil · doi:10.1016/j.msom.2012.09.005
The effects of chronic, partial sleep deprivation on risk-taking behavior in rats
Shemery, A. (2014) · JMU Scholoraly Commons (James Madison University)
Bruno, S., Sanabria, F. C., Bazzani, A., Frumento, P., & Faraguna, U. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.02.15.21251795
(2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815002-3.00020-6
Hairston, I. S. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816658-1.00036-3
Wie gefährlich ist Schlafmangel? Die Auswirkungen von Schlafmangel auf das Entscheidungsverhalten
Schwenkmezger, T., In‐Albon, T., & Weeß, H.-G. (2022) · Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin · doi:10.1007/s11818-022-00397-x
- Authors
- Killgore, W. D. S., Grugle, N. L., & Balkin, T. J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Killgore, William D. S.
- Venue
- Chronobiology International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-01-04
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 43-54
- ISSN
- 0742-0528 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-6073
- OpenAlex
- W2108266018
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 14.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chronobiology International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Keywords
- sleep deprivation, decision-making, Iowa Gambling Task, caffeine, d-amphetamine, modafinil, recovery sleep, psychomotor vigilance, subjective sleepiness, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, emotional processing, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Arousal, Caffeine, Cognition, Decision Making, Emotions, Female, Gambling, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance, Sleep Deprivation, Time Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
