The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 10 of the 38 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Internet-based mental health programs: A powerful tool in the rural medical kit
Open accessAbstract
Objective: To discuss, using two case examples, the potential utility of Internet-based depression information and automated therapy programs in rural regions. Design: Systematic review of evaluations of two Australian web-based mental health programs: MoodGYM and BluePages Depression Information. Setting: Community, school, university. Participants: A total of 12 papers and reports derived from nine separate studies of MoodGYM and BluePages involving sample sizes ranging from 78 to 19 607 people. Outcome measures: Depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, dysfunctional thoughts, depression literacy, stigma, help seeking and cost-effectiveness. Results: Internet-based applications were effectivein reducing depressive symptoms and stigmatising attitudes to depression and in improving depression literacy. School-based programs also showed promise in decreasing depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Depression self-help and information programs can be delivered effectively by means of the Internet. As accessibility of face-to-face mental health services in rural areas is poor and as there is a strong culture of self-reliance and preference for self-managing health problems among rural residents, the Internet might offer an important platform for the delivery of help for depression in rural regions. Consideration should be given to developing programs tailored to rural settings and future research should evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of such programs in rural settings. © 2007 The Authors; Journal Compilation © 2007 National Rural Health Alliance Inc.
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Claims the paper makes
12 Own interpretation · 9 No full text of the sources · 7 Sources not found · 6 Own result · 5 Supported · 3 No basis given · 2 Supported so far · 2 Partly supported · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“There is evidence that the prevalence of mental health problems in rural areas is at least as high as among metropolitan residents 1,2”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] source
- Partly supportedcites [2] sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Abstract reports a higher prevalence of diagnosable mental health disorders among rural GP attendees than among attendees at a regional urban practice. It does not compare rural residents with metropolitan residents generally, and it cautions that earlier rural–urban studies had mixed findings. (LLM, conf=0.86)
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“MoodGYM but not BluePages reduced dysfunctional thoughts. 20”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [20] source
The ‘Symptoms of depression and mental health literacy’ section states that MoodGYM, but not BluePages, significantly improved dysfunctional thinking compared with the control. This supports the cited contrast in dysfunctional thoughts. (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The first evaluation of the effectiveness of MoodGYM was an uncontrolled study of users who visited the site in the initial six months after its release. 19 The study found a systematic decrease in users' online anxiety and depression scores as they progressed through the five modules of the application.”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [19] source
The Abstract Methods section says the study examined MoodGYM visitors over about six months, and the Discussion states that the design did not include a control condition. The Results section reports significant decreases in both online depression and anxiety scores as users progressed through the five modules. The paper cautions that these changes cannot be attributed to MoodGYM itself. (LLM, conf=0.93)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“There was no difference in the pattern of findings across modules for spontaneous and BlueMood users. 24”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [24] source
In “Change in Depression and Anxiety Scores,” the paper reports that its analysis included sample type, number of modules completed, and their interaction terms; neither sample type nor any interaction term was significant. The Discussion likewise says the rate of symptom change did not differ between public registrants and BlueMood trial participants. The claim is supported as a statement about the study’s findings, not proof that the groups’ outcomes were identical. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of 12 papers and reports derived from nine separate studies of MoodGYM and BluePages were identified (Table 1).”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Preliminary analyses of data from a subsequent clustered randomised controlled trial involving 29 schools from around Australia, more than one-third from rural areas, also suggest that MoodGYM is effective in preventing depression and anxiety in school students. 28”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [28]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“A comparison of the direct costs of MoodGYM with face-to-face CBT and GP-administered antidepressant medication concluded that costs per client are lower for MoodGYM, once 753 are treated with medication or 359 people are provided with a course of CBT (J. Butler et al. , submitted, 2007). 22”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites J. Butler et al. , submitted, 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [22]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirectn = 753- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
In the paper
“A follow-up study suggested that the efficacy of MoodGYM and BluePages was maintained over a 12-month period (A. MacKinnon et al. , under revision, 2007).”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites A. MacKinnon et al. , under revision, 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-based programs also showed promise in decreasing depressive symptoms.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“None of the studies specifically evaluated the efficacy of the programs among rural users.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 20
- Probably not a substantial claim. 10
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“An intent-to-treat analysis demonstrated that both the MoodGYM and the BluePages interventions were associated with a reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms relative to the control condition immediately after completion of the program. 20”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [20] sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Symptoms of depression and mental health literacy section states that, in the intention-to-treat analysis, both BluePages and MoodGYM reduced depressive symptoms; the Procedures section says post-intervention questionnaires were administered at six weeks. Our copy does not report a reduction in anxiety symptoms for either intervention, so that part of the claim is unsupported (searched: anxiety). Page numbers were not available in the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.88)
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“It has also been argued that rural residents are more 'stoic and self-reliant' 13 and prefer to manage their own health problems. 14-16”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [13] sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The citation is attached to the description of rural residents as stoic and self-reliant; the preference for managing their own health problems has separate citations. In the “Culture of self-reliance” section, the authors identify stoic self-reliance as a feature of rural and remote communities that can discourage seeking help for mental health distress. (LLM, conf=0.90)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [16] source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“As might be expected, BluePages improved depression literacy in adults 20,21 as did MoodGYM. 20”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [20] source
The 'Symptoms of depression and mental health literacy' section reports improved knowledge of depression treatments with BluePages and improved knowledge of effective psychological treatments and cognitive behaviour therapy with MoodGYM. These are measured aspects of depression literacy. (LLM, conf=0.92)
- Supportedcites [21] source
The Personal stigma section reports that both websites were associated with increased depression literacy. It gives a significant improvement in depression-literacy scores for BluePages (P<0.001) and MoodGYM (P=0.02); the Results section reports mean participant ages in the mid-30s. (LLM, conf=0.92)
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“Both programs led to reduced personal stigma among adults 21 but were not helpful in reducing perceived stigma in adults 21 or in decreasing personal stigma among school students. 27”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [21] source
The Results sections report greater reductions in personal stigma with both BluePages and MoodGYM than with the control condition, but no reduction in perceived stigma with either program; perceived stigma increased with MoodGYM relative to control. The school-student finding is attached to citation 27, not to this source. (LLM, conf=0.92)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [27] source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“There was some evidence that MoodGYMincreased the use of selected evidence-based treatments and that BluePages reduced help seeking from non-professional sources such as family and friends. 23”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [23] source
The Results section reports that MoodGYM participants were more likely than BluePages participants to report using cognitive behavioural therapy and exercise, and that control participants were more likely than BluePages participants to seek help from family and friends. The Discussion likewise describes decreased help seeking from friends and family with BluePages. These findings support the citing sentence’s qualified wording. (LLM, conf=0.92)
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
In the paper
“A trial of spontaneous visitors to the site who agreed to be randomised to one of a number of combinations of MoodGYM modules demonstrated that a single module of online CBT was not effective but extended CBT with or without behaviour strategies reduced depression. 25”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [25] source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the nine studies identified, five were concerned with adult members of the community, one involved university students and three involved programs delivered as part of the school curriculum to secondary school students.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The students who completed the post-intervention questionnaires showed a significantly lower level of depression and anxiety than the control group. 26”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [26]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Internet-based applications were effective in reducing depressive symptoms and stigmatising attitudes to depression and in improving depression literacy.”
plaindirectn = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This review of MoodGYM and BluePages evaluations suggests that these programs are associated with improvements in mental health and knowledge and attitudes to depression.”
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Indeed, 18.6% of all MoodGYM users report that they are referred by a health practitioner.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, a substantial percentage of the YouthMood study of MoodGYM in schools involved rural schools and according to data collected at registration, 20.5% of spontaneous MoodGYM users worldwide are from rural or remote areas.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, the examples are not specifically tailored for a rural user.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, the study confirmed the utility of MoodGYM and provided the first (and to date only) demonstration that a simple web-based educational program might also be associated with improved depression outcomes.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“knowledge of agencies providing mental health services is poor among rural residents with only 40% of respondents in one study of a rural population being aware of where they could receive help for a mental health problem. 11”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [11] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As accessibility of face-to-face mental health services in rural areas is poor and as there is a strong culture of self-reliance and preference for selfmanaging health problems among rural residents, the Internet might offer an important platform for the delivery of help for depression in rural regions.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“According to rural GPs the greatest need for mental health services relates to the provision of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) groups and patient education about depression. 10”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Indeed two-thirds of practitioners report a high or extreme need for CBT support and half report such a need for 'patient education'. 10”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Both showed a systematic decrease in anxiety and depression scores across modules consistent with the suggestion that MoodGYM is effective even in the absence of tracking by an interviewer.”
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although lacking a control group, this was the first demonstration that a website might be capable of delivering effective therapy for depression.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“there is some qualitative evidence that expressing negative feelings or thoughts is considered inappropriate within farming communities and that a person should seek to solve, rather than talk about, their problems. 4”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In particular, a culture of self-reliance might be conducive to the use of self-help methods for addressing mental health problems.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“MoodGYM is not suitable for all users, particularly those with lower literacy levels.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is possible that some rural residents in particular will find the learning style involved in CBT inconsistent with their preferred mode of learning.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Such programs can be used without input from a clinician, or as an adjunct to treatment by the busy rural GP.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Meanwhile, MoodGYM and BluePages might prove useful for psychologically inclined rural consumers with elevated depressive symptoms.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Australian Bureau of Statistics figures indicate that 51% of people outside metropolitan areas have access to the Internet from home, a figure that although lower than access rates for metropolitan areas (59%), nevertheless suggests a substantial degree of engagement of rural residents with Internet technology. 29”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [29]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“It would allow breast cancer survivors and their carers access to the programme at a time and place convenient to them regardless of their location; furthermore, it may reduce concerns about stigma and privacy”
From A randomised controlled trial comparing internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) with and without main carer access versus treatment-as-usual for depression and anxiety among breast cancer survivors: Study protocol (2021) · cites this paper as Griffiths and Christensen, 2007
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Lack of availability of alternative services, greater motivation of supervising staff members, or a preference for health self-management in rural participants are potential explanations for this [38,43,48].”
From Computerized cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety and depression in rural areas:a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In addition, online delivery may be a relatively inexpensive means of delivering treatments to a wide range of people [53], particularly for rural residents [54] whose access to in-person interventions may be limited.”
From A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress (2012) · cites this paper as [54]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, while the review by Griffiths and Christensen included studies reporting the efficacy of CCBT for both children/young people and adults, none of their included studies disaggregated the data by location [48].”
From Computerized cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety and depression in rural areas:a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The included systematic review [48] found that, of spontaneous users of the CCBT program MoodGYM worldwide, 20.5% were from rural and remote areas.”
From Computerized cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety and depression in rural areas:a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“However, one review found that although internet-based interventions led to improved literacy and to reduced stigma in adults, stigma among high school students was not affected.191”
From The Lancet Commission on ending stigma and discrimination in mental health (2022) · cites this paper as [191]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, leveraging smartphones’ capabilities enables ecological momentary interventions (EMI), whereby patients are able to access psychological care when and where they need it most, in their natural environment and daily routines [190-192].”
From Smartphone Apps for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review (2020) · cites this paper as [190]
In the citing paper
“Internet-based interventions have the potential to overcome some of these barriers by offering anonymity, privacy, accessibility, availability, and cost-effectiveness, and may be perceived as less stigmatising than face-to-face treatments [15–18].”
In the citing paper
“with the added benefits of convenience, privacy, and providing clinicians with the ability to provide a full-spectrum of care to patients even in remote areas [29; 48].”
From Internet-enhanced management of fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial (2010) · cites this paper as [29]
Citations
Cites
Delivering interventions for depression by using the internet: randomised controlled trial
Christensen, H. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.37945.566632.ee · Cited by 928
Self-citationGriffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., Jorm, A. F., Evans, K., & Groves, C. (2004) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.185.4.342 · Cited by 789
Self-citationAchieving the Promise: Transforming Mental Health Care in America
(2003) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e645522010-001 · Cited by 362
Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., & Korten, A. (2002) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4.1.e3 · Cited by 292
Self-citationHousehold use of information technology
Queensland (2006) · Cited by 256
Parslow, R. A., & Jorm, A. F. (2000) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/000486700276 · Cited by 253
Online randomized controlled trial of brief and full cognitive behaviour therapy for depression
CHRISTENSEN, H., GRIFFITHS, K. M., MACKINNON, A. J., & BRITTLIFFE, K. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008695 · Cited by 249
Self-citationSuicide and mental health in rural, remote and metropolitan areas in Australia
Caldwell, T. M., Jorm, A. F., & Dear, K. B. G. (2004) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb06348.x · Cited by 241
Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., Korten, A. E., Brittliffe, K., & Groves, C. (2004) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.6.4.e46 · Cited by 240
Self-citationHelp-Seeking by Rural Residents for Mental Health Problems: The Importance of Agrarian Values
Judd, F., Jackson, H., Komiti, A., Murray, G., Fraser, C., Grieve, A., & Gomez, R. (2006) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1614.2006.01882.x · Cited by 219
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Items 101–200 of 271
Vayro, C., Brownlow, C., Ireland, M., & March, S. (2020) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-020-01085-4 · Cited by 33
Nguyen‐Feng, V. N., Frazier, P. A., Greer, C. S., Howard, K. G., Paulsen, J. A., Meredith, L. N., & Kim, S. (2015) · Psychology of Violence · doi:10.1037/a0039596 · Cited by 32
Feasibility of internet-delivered mental health treatments for rural populations
Handley, T. E., KAY‐LAMBKIN, F. J., Inder, K., Attia, J., Lewin, T. J., & Kelly, B. J. (2013) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-013-0708-9 · Cited by 31
“programs to rural settings may overcome many of the specific treatment barriers experienced by these populations [9].”
BackgroundFleming, G. E., Kimonis, E. R., Datyner, A., & Comer, J. S. (2017) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650117699471 · Cited by 29
“For example, only 7.4% of Australian psychologists work in rural and remote regions (Mathews, Stokes, Crea, & Grenyer, 2010), with a similar distribution of professionals in the United States (National Organization of State Offices of Rural Health, 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialHandley, T., Perkins, D., Kay-Lambkin, F., Lewin, T., & Kelly, B. (2015) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.981744 · Cited by 29
“This is particularly advantageous for people who face challenges in accessing traditional mental health care, such as those residing in rural or remote areas (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007), and older adults.”
BackgroundOnline mental health resources for adolescents: Overview of research and theory
Edwards-Hart, T., & Chester, A. (2010) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050060903584954 · Cited by 29
HCI Contributions in Mental Health: A Modular Framework to Guide Psychosocial Intervention Design
Slovák, P., & Munson, S. A. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642624 · Cited by 38
Struthers, A., Charette, C., Bapuji, S. B., Winters, S., Ye, X., Metge, C., Kreindler, S., Raynard, M., Lemaire, J., Synyshyn, M., et al. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health · doi:10.7870/cjcmh-2015-006 · Cited by 27
Barriers to Mental Health Care: Perceived Delivery System Differences
Lingley-Pottie, P., McGrath, P. J., & Andreou, P. (2013) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/ans.0b013e31828077eb · Cited by 27
Clarke, J., Proudfoot, J., & Ma, H. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.5131 · Cited by 26
“At the same time, barriers to help seeking, including lack of psychological services (especially in rural and remote areas), financial cost, concerns about confidentiality and stigma, and time and lifestyle constraints [10], compromise access to satisfactory care for many patients.”
The mental health of former refugees in regional Australia: A qualitative study
Smith, L. A., Reynish, T. D., Hoang, H., et al. (2019) · Australian Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/ajr.12583 · Cited by 25
Quality of Public Hospitals Websites: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study in Iran
Salarvand, S., Samadbeik, M., Tarrahi, M. J., & Salarvand, H. (2016) · Acta Informatica Medica · doi:10.5455/aim.2016.24.130-133 · Cited by 24
“Moreover the correlation was not found between the popularity (Alexa rank) and importance (PageRank value) of the health websites with their quality scores (30).”
BackgroundThe Estimation of Utility Weights in Cost-Utility Analysis for Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review
Sonntag, M., König, H., & Konnopka, A. (2013) · PharmacoEconomics · doi:10.1007/s40273-013-0107-9 · Cited by 24
Rural and Urban/Suburban Families' Use of a Web-Based Mental Health Intervention
Bunnell, B. E., Davidson, T. M., Dewey, D., Price, M., & Ruggiero, K. J. (2016) · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health · doi:10.1089/tmj.2016.0153 · Cited by 23
Palma-Gómez, A., Herrero, R., Baños, R., García‐Palacios, A., Castañeiras, C. E., Fernández, G. L., Llull, D. M., Cudris–Torres, L., Barranco, L. A., Cárdenas-Gómez, L., et al. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02536-w · Cited by 28
The effect of counselling-based training on online peer support
Lekka, F., Efstathiou, G., & Kalantzi-Azizi, A. (2014) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2014.959472 · Cited by 24
“Research on mental health has focused mainly on depressive symptoms with mixed findings (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007; Lintvedt et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMartinengo, L., Stona, A., Car, L. T., Lee, J., Griva, K., & Car, J. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/28942 · Cited by 24
“Psychoeducational interventions have been shown to increase mental health literacy and, most importantly, to yield small but significant reductions in symptoms of depression and mental distress [14,15], hence offering simple, inexpensive, and readily available tools for symptom management [14].”
Internet y Psicología Clínica: Revisión De Las Ciber-Terapias
Soto-Pérez, F., Franco, M., Monardes, C., & Jiménez, F. (2010) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.15.num.1.2010.4082 · Cited by 22
Ito‐Jaeger, S., Vallejos, E. P., Logathasan, S., Curran, T., & Crawford, P. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/38346 · Cited by 23
“Web-based mental health resources have great advantages, such as accessibility, cost-effectiveness, instantaneity, and anonymity [8,9].”
BackgroundInternet-based Mental Health Services in Norway and Sweden: Characteristics and Consequences
Andersen, A. J. W., & Svensson, T. (2011) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-011-0388-2 · Cited by 21
Treating Depression with a Behavior Change Support System without Face-to-Face Therapy
Kuonanoja, L., Langrial, S. U., Lappalainen, R. I., Lappalainen, P., & B, H. O.-K. A. (2015) · AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.17705/1thci.00072 · Cited by 20
“Griffiths and Christensen (2007) found that using an information system reduced depressive symptoms but that weekly reminders made no difference in its effectiveness.”
BackgroundKhadivi, R., Taleban, R., Zamani, A., Moafi, M., & Jiryaee, N. (2016) · International Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.4103/2008-7802.177889 · Cited by 22
“In turn, the rural communities seem to have a propensity for self‐reliance and self‐managing.[27]”
Cassimatis, M., Kavanagh, D. J., & Smith, A. C. (2014) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12050 · Cited by 20
Technological Advances in the Treatment of Trauma
Paul, L. A., Hassija, C. M., & Clapp, J. D. (2012) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445512450733 · Cited by 20
“To address these potential barriers, widespread efforts include expanding access to technology in rural areas (Bailey, 2009) and increasing the mental health education of, and targeted treatments to, rural populations (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundElmaghraby, D. A., Alshalla, A. A., Alyahyan, A., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20021114 · Cited by 19
Valimaki, M. A., Kuosmanen, L., Hätönen, H. M., Koivunen, M. H., Pitkänen, A., Athanasopoulou, C., & Anttila, M. (2017) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s130818 · Cited by 18
“37 Positive treatment results, 48,49 an increase in patients’ knowledge about illness, 49 and diminished stigma associated, for example, with depression, after using the Internet programs 50 should be highlighted in order to promote commitment to care.”
Koivunen, M. H., Anttila, M., Kuosmanen, L., Katajisto, J., & Valimaki, M. A. (2014) · Informatics for Health and Social Care · doi:10.3109/17538157.2013.872112 · Cited by 19
“Implementation of technology applications often brings new innovations and operating models to work environments (29).”
BackgroundSelf-Management of Depression: A Manual for Mental Health and Primary Care Professionals
Yeung, A., Feldman, G. C., & D, M. F. M. (2009) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 18
Matar, J., Maybery, D. J., McLean, L. A., & Reupert, A. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/10158 · Cited by 18
McDermott, R., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.1177/2043808719842502 · Cited by 18
“Computerized therapies may also diminish barriers associated with stigma (Gega, Marks, & MataixCols, 2003; MacGregor, Hayward, Peck, & Wilkes, 2009) and the demand for trained CBT providers (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundEllway, D., Reilly, R. E., LeCouteur, A., & Ward, J. S. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/14011 · Cited by 17
“Griffiths and Christensen’s [32] systematic review of 2 Australian Web-based mental health programs (MoodGYM and BluePages) indicated that Web-based mental health interventions are effective in reducing depressive symptoms.”
BackgroundAttridge, M. D. (2020) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244020914398 · Cited by 22
“…at similar levels of clinical effectiveness when used properly—and at a much lower cost to deliver than traditional services involving behavioral health providers (Arnberg et al., 2014; Drake, 2016; Firth et al., 2017; Griffiths & Christensen, 2007; McKay et al., 2016; Wickwire, 2019).”
BackgroundDobkin, R. D., Durland, L., Interian, A., & Pretzer‐Aboff, I. (2014) · Smart Homecare Technology and TeleHealth · doi:10.2147/shtt.s45044 · Cited by 19
“Based on these results and the thorough summaries of low-contact interventions already available in the literature, 33,38,39 this review focuses on synchronous, moderate-contact, and high-contact interventions.”
Tong, A. C. Y., Ho, F. S., Chu, O. H., & Mak, W. W. S. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/39029 · Cited by 19
“DPIs have overcome major help-seeking barriers by reducing time and costs [20] and mitigating stigma through anonymity and privacy [21].”
Ethics Issues in Social Media–Based HIV Prevention in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Chiu, C. J., Menacho, L. A., Fisher, C. B., & Young, S. D. (2015) · Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics · doi:10.1017/s0963180114000620 · Cited by 17
“Participants were asked to indicate on a five-point Likert scale the extent to which they benefited in the following areas as a result of participating in the study: (1) health, (2) sexual health, (3) friendship, (4) connection to the MSM community, (5) self-esteem, (6) HIV testing knowledge, (7) HIV care knowledge, (…”
BackgroundMurphy, M. J., Newby, J. M., Butow, P. N., Kirsten, L. T., Allison, K. C., Loughnan, S. A., Price, M., Shaw, J., Shepherd, H. L., Smith, J. S., et al. (2017) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3182-z · Cited by 19
Evaluating an online well-being program for college students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Villarino, R. T., Villarino, M. L., Temblor, M. C., Chabit, N. T., Arcay, C. A. L., Gimena, G. B., Bernard, P. M., & Plaisent, M. (2022) · Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.17532/jhsci.2022.1631 · Cited by 17
“Having permanent access to materials was critical to the program’s success since self-management of well-being and mental health is vital for persons who are hesitant to seek assistance (41).”
BackgroundYokomitsu, K., Irie, T., Sekiguchi, M., Shimizu, A., Matsuoka, H., Merry, S., & Stasiak, K. (2020) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/15164 · Cited by 16
“Digital interventions offer important advantages: they are accessible from various locations, they can be a form of outreach to individuals who might not otherwise access traditional face-to-face services [15,16] and are more cost-effective than face-to-face treatment [17].”
Mak, W. W. S., Tong, A. C. Y., Fu, A. C. M., Leung, I. W. Y., Jung, O. H. C., Watkins, E. R., & Lui, W. W. S. (2023) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12512 · Cited by 13
Zwerenz, R., Gerzymisch, K., Edinger, J., Holme, M., Knickenberg, R. J., Spörl-Dönch, S., Kiwus, U., & Beutel, M. E. (2013) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-26 · Cited by 15
“Thus, online interventions are not only more easily accessible for far more patients than outpatient treatment [25] but are also more cost effective [26,27].”
BackgroundWijnen, B. F. M., Lokman, S., Leone, S. S., Evers, S., & Smit, F. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/10455 · Cited by 15
“In terms of feasibility, Griffiths and Christensen [38] evaluated 2 community-based internet programs in the treatment of depression and concluded that these intervention programs could be delivered effectively over the internet.”
BackgroundEccles, H., Nannarone, M., Lashewicz, B., Attridge, M. D., Marchand, A., Aiken, A. B., Ho, K., & Wang, J. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/16961 · Cited by 17
“Web-based methods may be especially beneficial in rural communities where self-sufficiency is highly valued and access to therapeutic treatment may be particularly limited [25].”
Abbott, J.-A., Klein, B., McLaren, S., Austin, D., Molloy, M., Meyer, D., & McLeod, B. (2014) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-504 · Cited by 15
“Given the difficulties that ‘at-risk’ SSAYA perceive in accessing mental health care services, particularly in rural and regional areas, the Internet may be an ideal way to deliver mental health interventions to this population [31].”
BackgroundSubotic-Kerry, M., King, C., O'Moore, K., Achilles, M., & O'Dea, B. (2018) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/humanfactors.8913 · Cited by 14
“In addition, youth living in rural and remote Australia may have limited access to the internet [28,29].”
Accessible and Cost-Effective Mental Health Care Using E-Mental Health (EMH)
Krausz, R. M., Ramsey, D., Wetterlin, F. M., Tabiova, K., & Thapliyal, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70554-5_8 · Cited by 16
Use of Physical Activity Monitoring Devices by Families in Rural Communities: Qualitative Approach
Sharaievska, I., Battista, R. A., & Zwetsloot, J. J. (2018) · JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting · doi:10.2196/10658 · Cited by 13
“For example, a study claimed that mental health information and self-help tools could be successfully delivered via the internet to rural communities where limited access to health providers and the culture of self-reliance may prevent residents from receiving needed help [9].”
BackgroundAlolod, G. P., Gardiner, H. M., Agu, C., Turner, J., Kelly, P. J. A., Siminoff, L. A., Gordon, E. J., Norden, R., Daly, T. A., Benitez, A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15793 · Cited by 13
“Throughout the scriptwriting and postproduction process, Spanish-speaking Latinx consultants and our Latinx community partners offered guidance to ensure that the module and its content were realistic, culturally targeted, and linguistically congruent [46].”
Farrer, L. M., Gulliver, A., Katruss, N., Bennett, K., Bennett, A., Ali, K., & Griffiths, K. M. (2020) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2020.1729341 · Cited by 19
“Online mental health interventions are easily accessible, can be utilised in private, are costeffective, and typically require less time than face-to-face appointments (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundSelf-citationFoundations and future application of internet-based interventions for PTSD in PR China
Wang, Z., Tang, S., Wang, J., & Maercker, A. R. A. (2012) · International Journal of Electronic Healthcare · doi:10.1504/ijeh.2012.048667 · Cited by 13
“These findings are consistent with those from other societies (Stuber et al., 2006; Griffiths and Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundResultInterpersonal psychotherapy for perinatal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Bright, K. S., Charrois, E. M., Mughal, M. K., Wajid, A., McNeil, D., Stuart, S., Hayden, K. A., & Kingston, D. (2019) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-019-1158-6 · Cited by 13
Gabriel, A., & Violato, C. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.058 · Cited by 12
Kamel, M. M., Westenberg, J. N., Suen, J., Jang, K. L., Maragha, T., Badawy, A. A. E.-K., El‐Sawi, H., & Krausz, M. R. (2021) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13246 · Cited by 14
“…with this technology, should be leveraged to better guide youth through the mental health care system, by utilizing E-Mental Health (EMH) as a platform for psychoeducation and counselling services that fit students' needs (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007; Hanauer et al., 2004; Lauder et al., 2007).”
BackgroundPalozzi, G., & Ranalli, F. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20168-4_21 · Cited by 12
Casey, L. M., & Clough, B. A. (2015) · doi:10.1515/9783110473780-010 · Cited by 14
Orlowski, S., Lawn, S., Matthews, B., Venning, A., Jones, G. M., Winsall, M., Antezana, G., Bidargaddi, N. P., & Musiat, P. (2016) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12262 · Cited by 13
Braun, L., Freund, J., Thielecke, J., Baumeister, H., Ebert, D. D., & Titzler, I. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/39122 · Cited by 11
“Thus, technology-based alternatives have been suggested as low-threshold alternatives to facilitate mental health help seeking in farmers [63] and in rural areas [64].”
BackgroundMaking a good mental health diagnosis: Science, art and ethics
Stone, L., Waldron, E. A., & Nowak, H. (2020) · Australian Journal of General Practice · doi:10.31128/ajgp-08-20-5606 · Cited by 11
Nordgreen, T., & Havik, O. E. (2011) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0022729 · Cited by 13
Cook, F., Seymour, M., Giallo, R., Cann, W. G., Nicholson, J. M., Green, J. B., & Hiscock, H. (2015) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0502-9 · Cited by 11
“been useful for those in a rural or remote setting [43].”
BackgroundFinding Web-Based Anxiety Interventions on the World Wide Web: A Scoping Review
Ashford, M. T., Olander, E. K., & Ayers, S. (2016) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.5349 · Cited by 11
“Web-based interventions can be accessed anytime and anywhere from devices such as computers, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones and large audiences and rural areas can be reached in a cost-effective manner [20-22].”
Social media as a recruitment strategy: using Twitter to explore young people’s mental health
Wilson, R. L., & Usher, K. J. (2017) · Nurse Researcher · doi:10.7748/nr.2017.e1478 · Cited by 11
Holland, J. “., Hatcher, W., & Meares, W. L. (2018) · Journal of Health and Human Services Administration · doi:10.1177/107937391804100103 · Cited by 11
“1 TMH is one of the key technologies that may offer a cost-effective solution for rural patients (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007), and in recent years, the improvement of affordable mobile technologies may make TMH even more effective.”
BackgroundDepression in primary health care: from evidence to policy
Griffiths, K. M., & Christensen, H. M. (2008) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01752.x · Cited by 11
Self-citationInternational multi-site survey on the use of online support groups in bipolar disorder
Bauer, R., Conell, J., Glenn, T., Alda, M., Ardau, R., Baune, B. T., Berk, M., Bersudsky, Y., Bilderbeck, A. C., Bocchetta, A., et al. (2017) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2017.1334819 · Cited by 10
“Online support groups may also increase the participation of those living in rural or sparsely populated areas (4).”
BackgroundLaine, A., Valimaki, M. A., Pekurinen, V., Löyttyniemi, E., MARTTUNEN, M. J., & Anttila, M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/13073 · Cited by 10
“Therefore, it is critical that online mental health literacy [16] and Web-based interventions [19] are developed for these specific groups, even though it seems that people with mental disorders use the internet less frequently [16,17] compared with the general population [29].”
Proudfoot, J. G., Clarke, J., Gunn, J. M., Fletcher, S. L., Sanatkar, S., Wilhelm, K. A., Campbell, L. V., Zwar, N. A., Harris, M., Lapsley, H., et al. (2017) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.7348 · Cited by 10
“…barriers to seeking help—including privacy concerns and stigma, lack of support and poor relationships with health care providers, time and lifestyle constraints, financial cost, and lack of service availability—compromise access to satisfactory mental health care for many patients [11,12].”
Self-citationHomes of Stroke Survivors Are a Challenging Environment for Rehabilitation Technologies
Rennick‐Egglestone, S., & Mawson, S. (2021) · JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies · doi:10.2196/12029 · Cited by 9
“The distributed nature of the domestic environment then raises a challenge for the provision at scale of sufficient domestic visits to support safe and effective use of technologies, and these challenges might be particularly difficult to resolve in areas that are geographically isolated (such as rural communities) [3…”
BackgroundWang, X.-Q., Wang, Y., Yu, K., Ma, R., Zhang, J.-Y., & Zhou, Y.-Q. (2023) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00207640231164010 · Cited by 9
Integrating information technology into the evidence-based practice of psychology
Cucciare, M. A., & Weingardt, K. R. (2007) · Clinical Psychologist · doi:10.1080/13284200701675775 · Cited by 10
Salisbury, C., O’Cathain, A., Thomas, C., Edwards, L., Montgomery, A. A., Hollinghurst, S. P., Large, S., Nicholl, J. P., Pope, C. J., Rogers, A. E., et al. (2017) · Programme Grants for Applied Research · doi:10.3310/pgfar05010 · Cited by 9
“Which patient groups with mental health problems are most likely to use or benefit from telehealth? Most RCTs of telehealth for mental health problems recruited adults, although some of the systematic reviews included trials involving youths, students or older school children.(78,84,86,88) There was some evidence that…”
BackgroundInfluentialWilson, C., DRAPER, S. W., Brereton, M. F., & Johnson, D. M. (2017) · Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (OzCHI) · doi:10.1145/3152771.3152802 · Cited by 9
“CCBT has a recorded base of evidence in terms of positive clinical outcomes and online therapy, in general, has begun to build a significant evidence base over recent years in improving mental health outcomes [2, 66, 54, 44, 23, 32].”
BackgroundFrank, H. E., Saldana, L., Kendall, P. C., Schaper, H., & Norris, L. A. (2021) · Child & Youth Services · doi:10.1080/0145935x.2021.1894920 · Cited by 12
“Recently, computerized and internet-based programs have gained traction for implementation in schools as an alternative to traditional manualized treatments that may be easier to implement (Champion et al., 2013; Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundMental health literacy websites for children of parents with a mental illness
Cavanaugh, D. L., Riebschleger, J., & Tanis, J. (2021) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/13591045211005514 · Cited by 9
“Additionally, researchers have used MHL websites as effective components of mental health treatment with clients who did not have access to other services (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
MethodLainé, A., Anttila, M., & Välimäki, M. (2015) · Informatics for Health and Social Care · doi:10.3109/17538157.2015.1008487 · Cited by 10
“There are programs, for example, for depression (13,14), bipolar disorder (15) and eating disorders (16).”
BackgroundKirkman, J. J. L., Hawes, D. J., & Dadds, M. R. (2016) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2016.1230481 · Cited by 10
“…contact (e.g., self-help websites; Andersson et al., 2005; Christensen, Griffiths, Korten, Brittliffe, & Groves, 2004; Clarke et al., 2005; Griffiths & Christensen, 2007), programs with technology as an adjunct to standard treatments (e.g., SMS reminders; Aguilera & Munoz, 2011), through…”
BackgroundEfficacy of an Internet-based Intervention Targeted to Adolescents with Subthreshold Depression
Makarushka, M. M. (2011) · Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon) · Cited by 9
Akkol-Solakoglu, S., Hevey, D., & Richards, D. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100367 · Cited by 8
“For example, survivors who are unable to travel to a therapist’s office due to lack of energy or physical limitations (Everts et al., 2015) or who live in rural and remote communities (Griffiths and Christensen, 2007) can benefit from iCBT interventions (Lopez-del-Hoyo et al., 2013).”
BackgroundReview of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in adolescents
Marzuki, A., Noor, S. F. M., Siti, T., Wook, T. S. M. T., & Ismail, W. S. W. (2017) · doi:10.1109/iceei.2017.8312463 · Cited by 8
“MoodGYM (2007) [23] 15-25 Website No 40%”
Technological Interventions for Emotion Regulation
Fernández‐Álvarez, J., Díaz‐García, A., Colombo, D., Botella, C., Cipresso, P., & Riva, G. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00033-9 · Cited by 8
Clair, V., Rossa-Roccor, V., Mutiso, V., Rieder, S., Musau, A., Frank, E., & Ndetei, D. M. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-022-00914-x · Cited by 7
“…training following anti-stigma best practices combined with mentorship and reflective exercises for practicing health workers can contribute to reducing SUD stigma (Finkelstein & Lapshin, 2007; Griffiths & Christensen, 2007; Griffiths et al., 2004; Lillie et al., 2014; Patten et al., 2012).”
BackgroundLe, J. T., Mahoney, A., Court, J. L., & Shiner, C. T. (2025) · Australian Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/ajr.70011 · Cited by 7
Yoshii, H., Watanabe, Y., Kitamura, H., et al. (2011) · Global Journal of Health Science · doi:10.5539/gjhs.v4n1p33 · Cited by 7
Consultation to Remote and Indigenous Communities
Cotton, M.-E., Nadeau, L., & Kirmayer, L. J. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7615-3_11 · Cited by 7
Seo, M., & Kim, H. L. (2010) · Asian Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/s1976-1317(10)60009-6 · Cited by 7
“…effectively increase knowledge regarding medication and medication 98 Asian Nursing Research ❖ June 2010 ❖ Vol 4 ❖ No 2 99 Asian Nursing Research ❖ June 2010 ❖ Vol 4 ❖ No 2 compliance (Seo & Kim, 2009) and reduce negative attitudes and stigma toward mental illness (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundAnbieterinnen, Angebote und Kennzeichen von Online-Interventionen
Stetina, B. U., Sofianopoulou, A., & Kryspin‐Exner, I. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-72015-8_9 · Cited by 7
Moran, J., Kelly, G. A., Haberlin, C., Mockler, D., & Broderick, J. M. (2018) · HRB Open Research · doi:10.12688/hrbopenres.12796.3 · Cited by 11
Shao, X., & B, H. O.-K. A. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78978-1_1 · Cited by 8
Procter, N. G., Hamer, H. P., McGarry, D. E., Wilson, R. L., & Froggatt, T. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316718278 · Cited by 6
Do anxiety websites have the answers people are looking for?
Bernstein, M. T., Reynolds, K., Jakobson, L. S., Petty, S. K., Pryor, T. A. M., Stoesz, B. M., Alcolado, G. M., & Furer, P. (2021) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2021.08.002 · Cited by 6
A questionnaire-based qualitative study of therapist views on computerized CBT
Newton, J., & Sundin, E. (2016) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x16000131 · Cited by 7
“These advantageous features were also reported in previous studies (Kenwright et al. 2005; Griffiths & Christensen, 2007; Beattie et al. 2009; Green & Iverson, 2009; Gerhards et al. 2011).”
ResultJoyce, N. (2012) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 5
Developing a Web-Based Education Program for People with Asthma in Rural and Remote Areas
Boyd, L., & Archer, F. L. (2007) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · doi:10.33151/ajp.5.4.432 · Cited by 5
“Author(s): Leanne Boyd, Frank Archer 3 The program uses an e-learning approach as this is gaining rapid acceptance within rural and remote communities.(12,13) Web technology is seen as an initiative that increases effectiveness, caters for mass education and reduces cost.”
BackgroundTsai, C., Tu, C., Chen, J., Lane, H., & Ma, W. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182211875 · Cited by 19
Supporting young people with psychosis in the community: An ICT enabled repalse prevention tool
Lederman, R., Wadley, G., Gleeson, J., Álvarez‐Jiménez, M., & Spiteri‐Staines, A. (2011) · Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) · Cited by 6
Primary Health Care in the Mental Health Workplace: Insights from the Australian Experience
Cleary, M. L., Dean, S., Webster, S., et al. (2014) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2013.855853 · Cited by 5
“Internet-based depression information and automated therapy are reported to be effective, for example, in rural areas (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
BackgroundCommunity trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder in Chinese children and adolescents
Yuan, T., Li, X., Liu, H., Guo, L., Li, J., Xu, G., Li, X., Sun, L., Wang, C., Liu, Y., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1151631 · Cited by 5
Ojio, Y., Shiozawa, T., Gregorio, E., Leynes, M. C., Hernandez, P. M. R., Estrada, C. A., Fuyama, T., Kobayashi, J., & Satake, N. (2024) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13545 · Cited by 7
“Freely accessible educational resources can provide useful tools, enabling nationwide dissemination, including rural areas (Griffiths & Christensen, 2007).”
Development of the internet based psychoeducation for patients with bipolar affective disorder.
Praško, J. P., Kamarádová, D., Jelenova, D., Ocisková, M., & Sedlackova, Z. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 4
Çalışır, Ö. M., & Can, N. (2021) · İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17679/inuefd.952666 · Cited by 4
Moran, J., Kelly, G. A., Haberlin, C., Mockler, D., & Broderick, J. M. (2018) · HRB Open Research · doi:10.12688/hrbopenres.12796.2 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Griffiths, K. M., & Christensen, H.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Griffiths, Kathleen M.
- Venue
- Australian Journal of Rural Health
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 81-87
- ISSN
- 1038-5282 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1584
- OpenAlex
- W1999735089
- Semantic Scholar
- b4f481a36c49e356d5d8e9543bbcdbd62057764a
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Australian Journal of Rural Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Keywords
- depression, rural mental health, MoodGYM, self-help, school-based intervention, depression literacy, stigma, help-seeking, cost-effectiveness
- MeSH terms
- Australia, Computer-Assisted Instruction, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Depressive Disorder, Health Services Accessibility, Health Services Research, Humans, Mental Health Services, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Patient Education as Topic, Research Design, Self Care, Self Concept, Stereotyping, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Program Evaluation, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Rural Health Services, Evidence-Based Medicine, Internet
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