Default mode network connectivity in children with a history of preschool onset depression
Open accessAbstract
Background: Atypical Default Mode Network (DMN) functional connectivity has been previously reported in depressed adults. However, there is relatively little data informing the developmental nature of this phenomenon. The current case‐control study examined the DMN in a unique prospective sample of school‐age children with a previous history of preschool depression. Methods: DMN functional connectivity was assessed using resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging data and the posterior cingulate (PCC) as a seed region of interest. Thirty‐nine medication naïve school age children (21 with a history of preschool depression and 18 healthy peers) and their families who were ascertained as preschoolers and prospectively assessed over at least 4 annual waves as part of a federally funded study of preschool depression were included. Results: Decreased connectivity between the PCC and regions within the middle temporal gyrus (MTG), inferior parietal lobule, and cerebellum was found in children with known depression during the preschool period. Increased connectivity between the PCC and regions within the subgenual and anterior cingulate cortices and anterior MTG bilaterally was also found in these children. Additionally, a clinically relevant ‘brain‐behavior’ relationship between atypical functional connectivity of the PCC and disruptions in emotion regulation was identified. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the DMN in children known to have experienced the onset of a clinically significant depressive syndrome during preschool. Results suggest that a history of preschool depression is associated with atypical DMN connectivity. However, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify whether the current findings of atypical DMN connectivity are a precursor or a consequence of preschool depression.
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Higher resting-state functional connectivity between the subgenual and posterior cingulate cortices distinguished vulnerable adolescents remitted from preschool-onset MDD from a healthy control group.
“Higher resting-state functional connectivity between the subgenual and posterior cingulate cortices distinguished vulnerable adolescents remitted from preschool-onset MDD from a HC group (Gaffrey et al. 2012).”
From A novel resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signature of resilience to recurrent depression (2017) · cites this paper as Gaffrey et al. 2012
The Results (Differences Between Healthy and PO-MDD; page unavailable) report greater posterior cingulate connectivity with a cluster including the subgenual cingulate in the preschool-onset MDD group than in healthy controls. But the participants were school-age children averaging about 9–9.5 years, not adolescents, and four of the 21 affected children had current MDD rather than being remitted. The subgenual-cluster difference also lost significance under several covariate adjustments. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAbnormal resting-state connectivity of the subgenual cingulate cortex (sgACC) was previously found in cross-sectional studies of MDD.
“Abnormal resting-state connectivity of the subgenual cingulate cortex (sgACC) was previously found in cross-sectional studies of MDD, suggesting its potential pathophysiological importance.”
From A novel resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signature of resilience to recurrent depression (2017) · cites this paper as Gaffrey et al. 2012
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“Abnormal functional connectivity within subgenual cingulate cortex (sgACC) networks has been demonstrated repeatedly in cross-sectional studies of MDD (Greicius et al. 2007; Sheline et al. 2010; Gaffrey et al. 2012; Herringa et al. 2013; Dutta et al. 2014) and this region is thought to play a central role in the patho…”
BackgroundInfluential
- Authors
- Gaffrey, M. S., Luby, J. L., Botteron, K., Repovš, G., & Barch, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Ljubljana (SI)
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-04-23
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 964-972
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- PMC
- PMC3437619
- OpenAlex
- W2147007450
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of the University of Ljubljana (University of Ljubljana) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH090786, R01MH064769, MH64769, R01MH090786)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- default mode network, functional connectivity, posterior cingulate cortex, emotion regulation, children, subgenual prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, middle temporal gyrus, cerebellum, inferior parietal lobule
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Child, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Wechsler Scales, Case-Control Studies, Age of Onset
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