Immunonutrition support for athletes: Nutrition Reviews©, Vol. 66, No. 6
Abstract
Multiple components of the immune systems in athletes exhibit transient dysfunction after prolonged, heavy exertion. During this "open window" of impaired immunity, pathogens may gain a foothold, increasing infection risk. Nutritional supplements have been studied as countermeasures to exercise-induced immune changes and infection risk. This review focuses on findings from recent exercise-based studies with macro- and micronutrient supplements, and "advanced" immunonutrition supplements including beta-glucan, curcumin, and quercetin. Results from these studies indicate that immunonutrition supplements have the potential to lessen the magnitude of exercise-induced perturbations in immune function and to reduce the risk of upper respiratory tract infections.
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Prolonged bouts of exercise and heavy training regimens in adults may create an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant defenses, leading to oxidative stress that alters signal transmission in the immune system and impairs the immune response.
“Nevertheless, prolonged bouts of exercise and heavy training regimens in adults may create an imbalance between ROS and antioxidant defenses [54], leading to oxidative stress that alters signal transmission in the immune system and impairs the immune response [10].”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [54]
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Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course
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- Authors
- Nieman, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Appalachian State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nieman, David C
- ORCID
- Nieman, David C
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-06-02
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 310-320
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2162800880
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- immunonutrition, athletes, infection risk, upper respiratory tract infection, dietary supplements, β-glucan, curcumin, quercetin, macronutrients, micronutrients
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Immune System, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance, Physical Fitness, Respiratory Tract Infections, Sports, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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