Cited by 425Environmental Impact and SustainabilityAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental ImpactClimate Change Policy and Economics

Using Attributional Life Cycle Assessment to Estimate Climate‐Change Mitigation Benefits Misleads Policy Makers

Open access
Plevin, Richard J., Delucchi, Mark A., Creutzig, Felix·2014·Journal of Industrial Ecology

Abstract

Summary: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is generally described as a tool for environmental decision making. Results from attributional LCA (ALCA), the most commonly used LCA method, often are presented in a way that suggests that policy decisions based on these results will yield the quantitative benefits estimated by ALCA. For example, ALCAs of biofuels are routinely used to suggest that the implementation of one alternative (say, a biofuel) will cause an X% change in greenhouse gas emissions, compared with a baseline (typically gasoline). However, because of several simplifications inherent in ALCA, the method, in fact, is not predictive of real‐world impacts on climate change, and hence the usual quantitative interpretation of ALCA results is not valid. A conceptually superior approach, consequential LCA (CLCA), avoids many of the limitations of ALCA, but because it is meant to model actual changes in the real world, CLCA results are scenario dependent and uncertain. These limitations mean that even the best practical CLCAs cannot produce definitive quantitative estimates of actual environmental outcomes. Both forms of LCA, however, can yield valuable insights about potential environmental effects, and CLCA can support robust decision making. By openly recognizing the limitations and understanding the appropriate uses of LCA as discussed here, practitioners and researchers can help policy makers implement policies that are less likely to have perverse effects and more likely to lead to effective environmental policies, including climate mitigation strategies.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/jiec.12074

Cites

111 of 111 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 112 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Ekvall, T. and A. Andrae. 2006. Attributional and consequential en- vironmental assessment of the shift to lead-free solders. The In- ternational Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 11(5): 344-353.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Plevin, R. J., Delucchi, M. A., & Creutzig, F.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Davis (US)
  • Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (DE)
Corresponding author
Plevin, Richard J.
Venue
Journal of Industrial Ecology
Published
2013-11-08
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
73-83
ISSN
  • 1088-1980 (ISSN-L)
  • 1530-9290
OpenAlex
W1648472913
Cited by
425
References
112
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 1
FWCI
31.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Industrial Ecology (publishedVersion)
  • Publication Database PIK (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  • Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental Impact and Sustainability
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
Keywords
attributional life cycle assessment, consequential life cycle assessment, climate change mitigation, greenhouse gas emissions, biofuels, environmental policy, robust decision making, uncertainty, environmental decision-making

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review