Service lifetime, storage time, and disposal pathways of electronic equipment: a swiss case study
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Product lifetime is an essential aspect of dynamic material flow analyses and has been modeled using lifetime distribution functions, mostly average lifetimes. Existing data regarding the lifetime of electronic equipment (EE) are based on diverging definitions of lifetime as well as different temporal and regional scopes. After its active use, EE is often not disposed of immediately, but remains in storage for some time. Specific data on the share of EE that is stored and the time they remain in storage are scarce. This article investigates the service lifetime, storage time, and disposal pathways of ten electronic device types, based on data from an online survey complemented by structured interviews. We distinguish between new and secondhand devices and compute histograms, averages, and medians of the different lifetimes and their change over time. The average service lifetime varies from 3.3 years for mobile phones to 10.8 years for large loudspeakers, the average storage time from 0.8 years for flat panel display televisions to 3.6 years for large loudspeakers. Most service lifetime histograms are positively skewed and show substantial differences among device types. The storage time histograms, being more similar to one another, indicate that the storage behavior is similar for most device types. The data on disposal pathways show that a large proportion of devices are stored and reused before they reach the collection scheme.
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- Authors
- Thiébaud (‐Müller), E., Hilty, L. M., Schluep, M., Widmer, R., & Faulstich, M.
- Affiliations
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Technology and Society Laboratory St. Gallen Switzerland
- University of Zurich (CH)
- World Resources Forum (WRF) St. Gallen Switzerland
- Empa (CH)
- Clausthal University of Technology (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of Industrial Ecology
- Published
- 2017-02-24
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 196-208
- ISSN
- 1088-1980 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-9290
- OpenAlex
- W2590162736
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 6.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Industrial Ecology (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- DORA Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Funders
- Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Sustainable Supply Chain Management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Municipal Solid Waste Management
- Keywords
- electronic devices, service life, storage time, electronic waste, dynamic material flow analysis, lifetime distributions, device reuse, mobile devices, loudspeakers, television
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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