Roles of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) in neuronal plasticity, cognition, and Alzheimer disease
Open accessAbstract
Understanding the molecular signaling mechanisms underlying cognition and neuronal plasticity would provide insights into the pathogenesis of neuronal disorders characterized by cognitive syndromes such as Alzheimer disease (AD). Phosphorylation of the mRNA translational factor eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) by its specific kinase eEF2K is critically involved in protein synthesis regulation. In this review, we discussed recent studies on the roles of eEF2K/eEF2 signaling in the context of regulation/dysregulation of cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. We specifically focus on the discussion of recent evidence indicating suppression of eEF2K signaling as a potential novel therapeutic avenue for AD and related dementias (ADRDs). image
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eEF2K inhibition shows no evidence of neuronal injury or inflammatory activation in preclinical models.
“Preclinical models show restoration of LTP, improved memory, and elevated BDNF and synaptic proteins without evidence of neuronal injury or inflammatory activation [147,156].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [156]
In “Promises and Caveats” (page unavailable), the review reports that mice lacking eEF2K appeared normal on basic measures and that inhibitor-treated mice had normal gross hippocampal morphology. Those observations offer limited reassurance, but the paper does not report measures establishing an absence of neuronal injury or inflammatory activation in the preclinical models. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn preclinical models, eEF2K inhibition elevates BDNF and synaptic proteins.
“Preclinical models show restoration of LTP, improved memory, and elevated BDNF and synaptic proteins without evidence of neuronal injury or inflammatory activation [147,156].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [156]
In “Repression of eEF2K as a therapeutic strategy,” the review reports that eEF2K inhibition restored dysregulated proteins involved in synaptic function in AD mice, but it does not describe a general elevation of synaptic proteins. In “Knockdown and Overexpression,” it reports the opposite direction for BDNF: eEF2K inhibition decreased dendritic BDNF protein expression. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredeEF2K inhibition could stabilize newly potentiated synapses and extend antidepressant duration by sustaining protein synthesis downstream.
“By sustaining protein synthesis downstream, eEF2K inhibition could stabilize newly potentiated synapses and extend antidepressant duration [147,156,158].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [156]
The ‘Roles of eEF2K in synaptic plasticity and cognition: Knockdown and Overexpression’ section links de novo protein synthesis to maintenance of synaptic plasticity and reports facilitated late LTP in eEF2K-knockout mouse hippocampal slices under one stimulation protocol. The therapeutic-strategy section proposes increased protein synthesis as a mechanism for improvement in Alzheimer’s disease models. Neither section supports extending antidepressant duration; the paper’s discussion concerns plasticity and Alzheimer’s disease, not antidepressant effects. Page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn preclinical models, eEF2K inhibition improves memory.
“Preclinical models show restoration of LTP, improved memory, and elevated BDNF and synaptic proteins without evidence of neuronal injury or inflammatory activation [147,156].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [156]
In preclinical models, eEF2K inhibition restores LTP.
“Preclinical models show restoration of LTP, improved memory, and elevated BDNF and synaptic proteins without evidence of neuronal injury or inflammatory activation [147,156].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [156]
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Yang, W., Zhou, X., Ryazanov, A. G., & Ma, T. (2020) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.11.016 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationProtein Synthesis and Translational Control: A Historical PerspectivePreprint
Tahmasebi, S., Sonenberg, N., Hershey, J. W. B., & Mathews, M. B. (2018) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a035584 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
PERK: a novel therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases?
Ma, T., & Klann, E. (2014) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/alzrt260 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationZimmermann, H. R., Yang, W., Beckelman, B. C., Kasica, N. P., Zhou, X., Galli, L. D., Ryazanov, A. G., & Ma, T. (2018) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14306 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationTOR and paradigm change: cell growth is controlled
Hall, M. (2016) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e15-05-0311 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Edupuganti, R., Tavares, C. D. J., Dalby, K., & Ren, P.-Y. Y. (2015) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2015.00009 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Gladulich, L., Xie, J., Jensen, K. B., Kamei, M., Paes‐de‐Carvalho, R., Cossenza, M., & Proud, C. G. (2020) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15178 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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Wang, X., Yang, Q., Zhou, X., Keene, C. D., Ryazanov, A. G., & Ma, T. (2024) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13916 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“13,25,26,57,58 61 Regulation of protein synthesis has been associated with distinct translational factors involved in each phase of mRNA translation.”
BackgroundSelf-citationSynaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery
Tanaka, M. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14061265
- Authors
- Ma, T.
- Affiliations
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ma, Tao
- ORCID
- Ma, Tao
- Venue
- Journal of Neurochemistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-11-27
- Volume
- 166
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 47-57
- ISSN
- 0022-3042 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-4159
- PMC
- PMC9117558
- OpenAlex
- W3211922508
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 1.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neurochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 AG055581, R01 AG056622, R01 AG073823)
- BrightFocus Foundation (A2017457S)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- eEF2K, elongation factor 2, eEF2 phosphorylation, mRNA translation regulation, synaptic plasticity, neuroplasticity, cognition, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Cognition, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Phosphorylation, Signal Transduction, Peptide Elongation Factor 2, Elongation Factor 2 Kinase
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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