Cited by 1,516Career Development and DiversityGender Diversity and InequalityEducation, Achievement, and Giftedness

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Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines

Leslie, Sarah-Jane, Cimpian, Andrei, Meyer, Meredith, Freeland, Edward·2015·Science

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Abstract

Women's participation and attitudes to talent: Some scientific disciplines have lower percentages of women in academia than others. Leslie et al. hypothesized that general attitudes about the discipline would reflect the representation of women in those fields (see the Perspective by Penner). Surveys revealed that some fields are believed to require attributes such as brilliance and genius, whereas other fields are believed to require more empathy or hard work. In fields where people thought that raw talent was required, academic departments had lower percentages of women. Science , this issue p. 262 ; see also p. 234

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Gender Pay Gaps in U.S. Federal Science Agencies: An Organizational Approach
Smith‐Doerr, L., Alegria, S. N., Fealing, K. H., Fitzpatrick, D. H., & Tomaskovic‐Devey, D. (2019) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/705514 · Cited by 56

Authors: Leslie, S.-J., Cimpian, A., Meyer, M., & Freeland, E.
Affiliations: Princeton University (US)
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Otterbein University (US)
Corresponding author: Leslie, Sarah-Jane
Cimpian, Andrei
ORCID: Leslie, Sarah-Jane
Cimpian, Andrei
Meyer, Meredith
Freeland, Edward
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2015-01-16
Volume: 347
Issue: 6219
Pages: 262-265
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1261375
OpenAlex: W2058271572
Cited by: 1,516
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 104 · 2025: 146 · 2024: 171 · 2023: 133 · 2022: 174 · 2021: 123 · 2020: 222 · 2019: 147 · 2018: 96 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 51
FWCI: 282.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse (vor, 365 d)
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: NSF (BCS-1226942)
Spencer Foundation (201100111)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Career Development and Diversity
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Diversity and Inequality
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Keywords: women in academia, underrepresentation of women, African American academics, academic disciplines, humanities versus sciences, gender expectations
MeSH terms: Workforce, Achievement, Aptitude, Attitude, Black or African American, Career Choice, Culture, Education, Graduate, Faculty, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Natural Science Disciplines, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Characteristics, Social Sciences, Stereotyping, Students, Women, Sexism

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Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines

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