Functional mapping of the human visual cortex by magnetic resonance imaging
Abstract
Knowledge of regional cerebral hemodynamics has widespread application for both physiological research and clinical assessment because of the well-established interrelation between physiological function, energy metabolism, and localized blood supply. A magnetic resonance technique was developed for quantitative imaging of cerebral hemodynamics, allowing for measurement of regional cerebral blood volume during resting and activated cognitive states. This technique was used to generate the first functional magnetic resonance maps of human task activation, by using a visual stimulus paradigm. During photic stimulation, localized increases in blood volume (32 +/- 10 percent, n = 7 subjects) were detected in the primary visual cortex. Center-of-mass coordinates and linear extents of brain activation within the plane of the calcarine fissure are reported.
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BOLD fMRI rapidly became dominant because it was easier to implement and offered greater sensitivity.
“After an initial approach using contrast agents (Belliveau et al., 1991), BOLD (blood-oxygen-level-dependent) fMRI rapidly became dominant (Ogawa et al., 1992) because it was easier to implement and offered greater sensitivity.”
From 40 Years of diffusion MRI in the brain: From history to emerging frontiers (2026) · cites this paper as Belliveau et al., 1991
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“After an initial approach using contrast agents ( Belliveau et al., 1991), BOLD (blood- oxygen- level-dependent) fMRI rapidly became dominant ( Ogawa et al., 1992) because it was easier to implement and offered greater sensitivity.”
- Authors
- Belliveau, J. W., Kennedy, D. N., McKinstry, R. C., Buchbinder, B. R., Weisskoff, R. M., Cohen, M. S., Vevea, J. M., Brady, T. J., & Rosen, B. R.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1991-11
- Volume
- 254
- Issue
- 5032
- Pages
- 716-719
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1995605620
- Cited by
- 1,883
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 66
- FWCI
- 65.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01ca048729-13, 5r01ca040303-11)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL039810, R01-HL39810)
- National Cancer Institute (R01-CA40303, P01CA48729)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Keywords
- functional MRI, primary visual cortex, regional cerebral blood volume, cerebral hemodynamics, photic stimulation, calcarine fissure, brain activation mapping
- MeSH terms
- Blood Volume, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Regional Blood Flow, Visual Cortex
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