The Promise and Perils of Oxytocin
Abstract
Is oxytocin the next revolution in psychiatric medicine—or an overhyped hormone that could make some patients worse?
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Conventional pump actuated devices may deliver only a suboptimal amount of spray to the respiratory and olfactory epithelia.
“Conventional pump actuated devices may deliver only a suboptimal amount of spray to this region, 82”
From Beyond the hype and hope: critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [82]
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Oxytocin enhances brain function in children with autism
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“…method of administering intranasal oxytocin spray, this study found that oxytocin increased the degree to which participants favored in-group others and derogated out-group others (De Dreu et al. 2011; see Bartz et al. 2011, Meyer-Lindenberg et al. 2011, Miller 2013 for relevant reviews).”
MethodGuastella, A. J., & Hickie, I. B. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.06.028 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
“Despite recognition that interventions for autism are optimally provided early in life, debate has been on safety and potential harm of oxytocin administration to young children (86).”
Oxytocin mediates early experience-dependent cross-modal plasticity in the sensory cortices
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Oxytocin improves behavioural and neural deficits in inferring others’ social emotions in autism
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“While no major deleterious effects on social behavior were reported following chronic intranasal administration of OT (at doses being used in clinical trials) in wild-type mice and a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder [241], additional studies should address the long-term neuroendocrine and behavioral effects fol…”
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Hostinar, C. E., & Gunnar, M. R. (2015) · AJOB Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/21507740.2015.1047054 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
“Indeed, recent research has begun suggesting that oxytocin treatment may be a “double-edged sword,” having a number of unanticipated side effects (Miller 2013).”
BackgroundKoch, S. B. J., van Zuiden, M., Nawijn, L., Frijling, J. L., Veltman, D. J., & Olff, M. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.11.018 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“longterm consequences of OT administration, difference in effects between acute and chronic OT administration and whether intranasal OT does enter the brain) (Macdonald and Feifel, 2013; Miller, 2013).”
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“Resolving this dilemma becomes especially important with the increased momentum to understand a potential therapeutic role for OXT in autism spectrum and other neurodevelopmental disorders (Bartz and Hollander, 2008; Modi and Young, 2012; Miller, 2013).”
BackgroundOxytocin and Autism: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
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“A considerable amount of public and private funds is being invested to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of oxytocin in ASD (Miller 2013).”
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“The ensuing “trough” of negative studies and contrary effects have appeared to result in a period of disillusionment surrounding the oxytocin’s therapeutic potential [e.g. see Miller, 2013].”
BackgroundOxytocin reduces neural activity in the pain circuitry when seeing pain in others
Bos, P. A., Montoya, E. R., Hermans, E. J., Keysers, C., & van Honk, J. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.049 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“OXT is proposed as medication in a broad range of emotional disorders, but this is not always based on sound evidence (Miller, 2013).”
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“The clinical and basic science communities are currently working together to translate basic OT research into useful and safe OT therapies for social disorders (Miller, 2013).”
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“While the safety of oxytocin treatment for children has been debated [41], not only did we find no evidence of deterioration from oxytocin above placebo administration, there were also fewer reported adverse effects in the oxytocin condition.”
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“These findings are timely given the growing interest in therapeutic treatment with oxytocin for a variety of conditions (27).”
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Oxytocin Enhances the Neural Efficiency of Social Perception
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“Since the mechanism by which OT is delivered to the brain following intranasal administration has not yet been fully established (Leng and Ludwig, 2016), researchers have called for caution when interpreting OT’s effects following nasal administration (Miller, 2013).”
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“However, the enthusiasm for intranasal Oxt treatment quickly outstripped the available knowledge of both short-term and long-term effects (Miller, 2013).”
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“…within 30–45 min post-treatment (Gossen et al., 2012; Neumann et al., 2013; Chang and Platt, 2014; Monte et al., 2014) although others have found that only aerosolized OT (24 IU) reached the CSF of non-human primates (Modi et al., 2014) while intranasal OT @ 24 IU and IV OT @ 48 IU was ineffective.”
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“Despite an abundance of media attention on the promises of oxytocin therapy in conditions such as ASD, concerns remain about anomalous effects or even unanticipated adverse effects (Bales & Perkeybile, 2012; Bales et al., 2013; Bartz et al., 2011; De Dreu et al., 2010; Miller, 2013).”
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“At first glance, OT might appear to be just the missing agent to successful pharmacological treatment, however, consistent and reproducible data regarding its effects on regulation of social behavior are still missing (Miller 2013).”
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“Based on current research data in adult animal and human populations, and the promising findings noted in behavioral modulation (Miller, 2013; Love, 2014), translational studies to the pediatric population could too hold promise.”
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“To expand, the beneficial well-being effects of touch - from brief hugs to handholding, are well documented, with the physiological soothing properties of touch increasingly understood to be linked to oxytocin (Carter, 2013) and vagal regulation of the parasympathetic system (Porges, 2007).”
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“, 2009), impaired social bonding and, in some circumstances, aggression or other antisocial behaviour (Miller, 2013).”
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“As Greg Miller said, at first glance, treatment of OXT might give promising results, but as researchers have continued to explore the hormone's effect on human behavior, a darker side has emerged (Miller, 2013).”
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“In addition, since the mechanism by which oxytocin is delivered to the brain following such nasal administration has not been established (Leng and Ludwig, 2016), researchers have been cautious of oxytocin’s potential effects (Miller, 2013).”
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- Authors
- Miller, G.
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Greg
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2013-01-18
- Volume
- 339
- Issue
- 6117
- Pages
- 267-269
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1997126400
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 21
- Type
- other
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- oxytocin, psychiatric treatment, social bonding, hormone therapy, treatment side effects
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autistic Disorder, Mental Disorders, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cognition, Arvicolinae, Female, Humans, Hypothalamus, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Oxytocin, Social Behavior
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