The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Glucocorticoids Potentiate Ischemic Injury to Neurons: Therapeutic Implications
Abstract
Sustained exposure to glucocorticoids, the adrenocortical stress hormones, is toxic to neurons, and such toxicity appears to play a role in neuron loss during aging. Previous work has shown that glucocorticoids compromise the capacity of neurons to survive a variety of metabolic insults. This report extends those observations by showing that ischemic injury to neurons in rat brain is also potentiated by exposure to high physiological titers of glucocorticoids and is attenuated by adrenalectomy. The synergy between ischemic and glucocorticoid brain injury was seen even when glucocorticoid levels were manipulated after the ischemic insult. Pharmacological interventions that diminish the adrenocortical stress response may improve neurological outcome from stroke or cardiac arrest.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions
MUNCK, A., GUYRE, P. M., & HOLBROOK, N. J. (1984) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-5-1-25 · Cited by 3,083
Cited by
Hao (2015) · doi:10.1002/14651858 · Cited by 11,321
(1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.7.973 · Cited by 1,610
Bremner, J. D., Randall, P., Vermetten, E., Staib, L., Bronen, R. A., Mazure, C., Capelli, S., McCarthy, G., Innis, R. B., & Charney, D. S. (1997) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00162-x · Cited by 1,283
Mood disorders and allostatic load
McEwen, B. S. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00177-x · Cited by 1,135
Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates
Sapolsky, R., Uno, H., Rebert, C., & Finch, C. (1990) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.10-09-02897.1990 · Cited by 1,103
Self-citationKorte, S. M., Koolhaas, J. M., Wingfield, J. C., & McEwen, B. S. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.08.009 · Cited by 1,097
Effect of Neonatal Handling on Age-Related Impairments Associated with the Hippocampus
Meaney, M. J., Aitken, D. H., van Berkel, C., Bhatnagar, S., & Sapolsky, R. M. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3340858 · Cited by 1,074
Self-citationDevelopmental traumatology part II: brain development∗∗See accompanying Editorial, in this issue.
De Bellis, M. D., Keshavan, M. S., Clark, D. B., Casey, B. J., Giedd, J. N., Boring, A. M., Frustaci, K., & Ryan, N. D. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00045-1 · Cited by 974
Magarin˜os, A. M., & McEwen, B. S. (1995) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(95)00259-l · Cited by 863
Stressor specificity of central neuroendocrine responses: implications for stress-related disorders
Pacák, K., & Palkovits, M. (2001) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.22.4.0436 · Cited by 926
Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis
Brouwer, M. C., McIntyre, P., Prasad, K., & van de Beek, D. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004405.pub5 · Cited by 809
Neuropathogenesis of Delirium: Review of Current Etiologic Theories and Common Pathways
Maldonado, J. R. (2013) · The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2013.09.005 · Cited by 745
Sex, stress and the hippocampus: allostasis, allostatic load and the aging process
MCEWEN, B. (2002) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00027-1 · Cited by 753
Stress, Glucocorticoids, and Damage to the Nervous System: The Current State of Confusion
Sapolsky, R. M. (1996) · Stress · doi:10.3109/10253899609001092 · Cited by 738
Self-citationHippocampal damage associated with prolonged and fatal stress in primates
Uno, H., Tarara, R., Else, J., Suleman, M., & Sapolsky, R. (1989) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.09-05-01705.1989 · Cited by 728
Self-citationDelirium pathophysiology: An updated hypothesis of the etiology of acute brain failure
Maldonado, J. R. (2018) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4823 · Cited by 617
Psychobiological allostasis: resistance, resilience and vulnerability
Karatsoreos, I. N., & McEwen, B. S. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.10.005 · Cited by 458
Chronic Stress-induced Hippocampal Vulnerability: The Glucocorticoid Vulnerability Hypothesis
Conrad, C. D. (2008) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro.2008.19.6.395 · Cited by 425
The Stressed CNS: When Glucocorticoids Aggravate Inflammation
Sorrells, S. F., Caso, J. R., Munhoz, C. D., & Sapolsky, R. M. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.032 · Cited by 425
Self-citationSánchez, M. M., Young, L. J., Plotsky, P. M., & Insel, T. R. (2000) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-12-04657.2000 · Cited by 420
Stress exacerbates neuron loss and cytoskeletal pathology in the hippocampus
Stein-Behrens, B., Mattson, M., Chang, I., Yeh, M., & Sapolsky, R. (1994) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-09-05373.1994 · Cited by 327
Self-citationPRENATAL STRESSORS OF HUMAN LIFE AFFECT FETAL BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
Lou, H. C., Hansen, D., Nordentoft, M., Pryds, O., Jensen, F., Nim, J., & Hetnmingsen, R. (1994) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1994.tb08192.x · Cited by 307
Rosenberg, G. A. (1999) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(99)70003-4 · Cited by 278
Meaney, M. J., Aitken, D. H., Bhatnagar, S., & Sapolsky, R. M. (1991) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(91)90036-j · Cited by 250
Self-citationActivation of Trk neurotrophin receptors by glucocorticoids provides a neuroprotective effect
Jeanneteau, F., Garabedian, M. J., & Chao, M. V. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0709102105 · Cited by 215
Stress increases vulnerability to inflammation in the rat prefrontal cortex
de Pablos, R. M., Villarán, R. F., Argüelles, S., Herrera, A. J., Venero, J. L., Ayala, A., Cano, J., & Machado, A. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0802-06.2006 · Cited by 215
Vermetten, E., & Bremner, J. D. (2002) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10017 · Cited by 210
Kumar, A. (2000) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(99)00124-4 · Cited by 181
Novel glucocorticoid effects on acute inflammation in the CNS
Dinkel, K., MacPherson, A., & Sapolsky, R. M. (2003) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01604.x · Cited by 179
Greenberg, M. S., Tanev, K., Marin, M., & Pitman, R. K. (2014) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2014.04.008 · Cited by 161
2006 Curt P. Richter award winner
DeVries, A. C., Craft, T. K. S., Glasper, E. R., Neigh, G. N., & Alexander, J. K. (2007) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.04.007 · Cited by 153
The neuropsychology of mood disorders
Chamberlain, S. R., & Sahakian, B. J. (2006) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-006-0051-x · Cited by 140
Steroid hormones as mediators of neural plasticity
McEwen, B. S., Coirini, H., Westlind-Danielsson, A., Frankfurt, M., Gould, E., Schumacher, M., & Woolley, C. (1991) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0960-0760(91)90067-f · Cited by 136
Interactions Between Age, Stress and Insulin on Cognition: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease
Solas, M., Aisa, B., Mugueta, M. C., Del Río, J., Tordera, R. M., & Ramírez, M. J. (2010) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2010.13 · Cited by 124
Glucocorticoid therapy in neurologic critical care
Gomes, J. A., Stevens, R. D., Lewin, J. J., Mirski, M. A., & Bhardwaj, A. (2005) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000166389.85273.38 · Cited by 118
Urinary free cortisol excretion shortly after ischaemic stroke
OLSSON, D. T. (1990) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00213.x · Cited by 101
5α-Reductase isozymes in the central nervous system
Poletti, A., Coscarella, A., Negri-Cesi, P., Colciago, A., Celotti, F., & Martini, L. (1998) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/s0039-128x(98)00018-x · Cited by 100
Greater glucocorticoid receptor activation in hippocampus of aged rats sensitizes microglia
Barrientos, R. M., Thompson, V. M., Kitt, M. M., Amat, J., Hale, M. W., Frank, M. G., Crysdale, N. Y., Stamper, C. E., Hennessey, P. A., Watkins, L. R., et al. (2015) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.003 · Cited by 70
Martinovits, G., Melamed, E., Cohen, O., Rosenthal, J., & Uzzan, A. (1986) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(86)90602-6 · Cited by 67
Nass, R., Heier, L., Moshang, T., Oberfield, S., George, A., New, M. I., & Speiser, P. W. (1997) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/088307389701200306 · Cited by 67
Woolf, P. D., Cox, C., Kelly, M., Nichols, D., McDonald, J. V., & Hamill, R. W. (1990) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1990.tb01838.x · Cited by 60
The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis response to experimental traumatic brain injury
Grundy, P. L., Harbuz, M. S., Jessop, D. S., Lightman, S. L., & Sharples, P. M. (2001) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/08977150152725669 · Cited by 58
Glucocorticoids and Inflammation: A Double-Headed Sword in Depression?
Horowitz, M. A., Zunszain, P. A., Anacker, C., Musaelyan, K., & Pariante, C. M. (2013) · Modern Trends in Psychiatry · doi:10.1159/000343980 · Cited by 57
McEwen, B. S. (2004) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2004.6.2/bmcewen · Cited by 54
The dose makes the poison: From glutamate-mediated neurogenesis to neuronal atrophy and depression
Rubio-Casillas, A., & Fernández-Guasti, A. (2016) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2015-0066 · Cited by 49
Glucocorticoid signaling in myeloid cells worsens acute CNS injury and inflammation
Sorrells, S. F., Caso, J. R., Munhoz, C. D., Hu, C. K., Tran, K. V., Miguel, Z. D., Chien, B. Y., & Sapolsky, R. M. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4705-12.2013 · Cited by 46
The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in stress-induced worsening of cerebral ischemia in rats
Caso, J. R., Lizasoain, I., Lorenzo, P., Moro, M. A., & Leza, J. C. (2006) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.06.009 · Cited by 45
Metadata
- Authors
- Sapolsky, R. M., & Pulsinelli, W. A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1985-09-27
- Volume
- 229
- Issue
- 4720
- Pages
- 1397-1400
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2005374086
- Cited by
- 676
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 5.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
