Cited by 420Stress Responses and CortisolMemory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Distribution of corticosteroid receptors in the rhesus brain, relative absence of glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampal formation

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Sánchez, M. Mar, Young, Larry J., Plotsky, Paul M., Insel, Thomas R.·2000·The Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract

Chronic stress has been associated with degenerative changes in the rodent and primate hippocampus, presumably mediated in part via neuronal glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). In the rat brain, GRs are widely distributed and are particularly dense in the hippocampus. The distribution of GRs in the primate brain, however, has not been fully characterized. In this study, we used in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunohistochemistry to map the distribution of GR mRNA and GR protein, respectively, in adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). In contrast to its well established distribution in the rat brain, GR mRNA was only weakly detected in the dentate gyrus (DG) and Cornu Ammonis (CA) of the macaque hippocampus, whereas it was abundant in the pituitary (PIT), cerebellum (CBL), hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and, to a lesser extent, the neocortex. Immunohistochemical staining indicated a very low density of GR-like immunoreactive cells within the macaque hippocampal formation in contrast to the high density observed within the PVN, prefrontal and entorhinal cortices, and cerebellar cortex. Relative to the low level of GR, mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNA and protein expression were abundant within the DG and CA of the rhesus monkey hippocampal formation. These results indicate that, in the primate, neocortical and hypothalamic areas may be more important targets for GR-mediated effects of glucocorticoids than the hippocampus. Alternatively, it is also possible that glucocorticoid effects are mediated through the MRs present in the hippocampal formation.

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Crossref · 10.1523/jneurosci.20-12-04657.2000

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Authors
Sánchez, M. M., Young, L. J., Plotsky, P. M., & Insel, T. R.
Affiliations
Emory University (US)
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Published
2000-06-15
Volume
20
Issue
12
Pages
4657-4668
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
OpenAlex
W2161256117
Cited by
420
References
84
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 23
FWCI
7.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Journal of Neuroscience Nursing
Funders
  • Klingenstein Third Generation Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health (RR‐00165)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH058922, MH58922)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR-00 165, P51RR000165)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor, hippocampal formation, rhesus monkeys, dentate gyrus, cornu ammonis, paraventricular nucleus, chronic stress, hippocampal neurodegeneration, neocortex, cerebellum, pituitary gland, primate brain
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Cerebellum, Female, Hippocampus, Macaca mulatta, Male, Organ Specificity, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Pituitary Gland, Receptors, Steroid, RNA, Messenger, Transcription, Genetic, In Situ Hybridization, Dentate Gyrus, Neocortex, Rats

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