Unconstrained genome targeting with near-PAMless engineered CRISPR-Cas9 variants

A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity

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Cpf1 Is a Single RNA-Guided Endonuclease of a Class 2 CRISPR-Cas System

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Programmable base editing of A•T to G•C in genomic DNA without DNA cleavage

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High-fidelity CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases with no detectable genome-wide off-target effects

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RNA-guided editing of bacterial genomes using CRISPR-Cas systems

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Rationally engineered Cas9 nucleases with improved specificity

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GUIDE-seq enables genome-wide profiling of off-target cleavage by CRISPR-Cas nucleases

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Base editing: precision chemistry on the genome and transcriptome of living cells

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Advances in CRISPR-Cas systems for gut microbiome

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CRISPR-based genome editing technology and its applications in oil crops

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Engineering of near-PAMless adenine base editor with enhanced editing activity and reduced off-target

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Translational enhancement by base editing of the Kozak sequence rescues haploinsufficiency

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Automated identification of sequence-tailored Cas9 proteins using massive metagenomic data

Ciciani, M., Demozzi, M., Pedrazzoli, E., Visentin, E., Pezzè, L., Signorini, L. F., Blanco‐Míguez, A., Zolfo, M., Asnicar, F., Casini, A., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34213-9 · Cited by 25

Transcription factor antagonism regulates heterogeneity in embryonic stem cell states

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Improve meat production and virus resistance by simultaneously editing multiple genes in livestock using Cas12iMax

Ren, J., Hai, T., Chen, Y., Sun, K., Han, Z., Wang, J., Li, C., Wang, Q., Wang, L., Zhu, H., et al. (2023) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-023-2407-0 · Cited by 26

Efficient in situ epitope tagging of rice genes by nuclease-mediated prime editing

Li, X., Zhang, S., Wang, C., Ren, B., Yan, F., Li, S., Spetz, C., Huang, J., Zhou, X., & Zhou, H. (2024) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1093/plcell/koae316 · Cited by 24

Precision engineering of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 with prime editing

Chen, P.-R., Wei, Y., Li, X., Yu, H., Wang, S., Yuan, X.-Z., & Xia, P. (2025) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00031-25 · Cited by 23

Molecular signaling pathways in osteoarthritis and biomaterials for cartilage regeneration: a review

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Gene therapy in cardiac and vascular diseases: a review of approaches to treat genetic and common cardiovascular diseases with novel gene-based therapeutics

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Compact SchCas9 Recognizes the Simple NNGR PAM

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Increasing the Targeting Scope of CRISPR Base Editing System Beyond NGG

Yu, S.-Y., Birkenshaw, A., Thomson, T., Carlaw, T., Zhang, L., & Ross, C. J. (2022) · The CRISPR Journal · doi:10.1089/crispr.2021.0109 · Cited by 23

SpRY: Engineered CRISPR/Cas9 Harnesses New Genome-Editing Power

Zhang, D., & Zhang, B. (2020) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2020.05.001 · Cited by 23

Cas9 Cuts and Consequences; Detecting, Predicting, and Mitigating CRISPR/Cas9 On‐ and Off‐Target Damage

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Imagine CRISPR cures

Urnov, F. D. (2021) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.10.019 · Cited by 26

Domain-inlaid Nme2Cas9 adenine base editors with improved activity and targeting scope

Bamidele, N., Zhang, H., Dong, X., Cheng, H., Gaston, N., Feinzig, H., Cao, H., Kelly, K. L., Watts, J. K., Xie, J., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45763-5 · Cited by 24

Chemically modified CRISPR-Cas9 enables targeting of individual G-quadruplex and i-motif structures, revealing ligand-dependent transcriptional perturbation

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CRISPR–Cas-mediated gene editing in lactic acid bacteria

Song, X., Zhang, X., Xiong, Z., Liu, X., Xia, Y., Wang, S., & Ai, L. (2020) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05820-w · Cited by 22

Points of View on the Tools for Genome/Gene Editing

Chuang, C.-K., & Lin, W. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22189872 · Cited by 26

Advances and Opportunities of CRISPR/Cas Technology in Bioengineering Non-conventional Yeasts

Shan, L., Dai, Z., & Wang, Q. (2021) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2021.765396 · Cited by 23

From DNA break repair pathways to CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene knock-in methods

Bazaz, M. R., & Dehghani, H. (2022) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120409 · Cited by 23

CRISPR-Cas9 Technology for the Creation of Biological Avatars Capable of Modeling and Treating Pathologies: From Discovery to the Latest Improvements

Nasrallah, A., Sulpice, E., Kobaisi, F., Gidrol, X., & Rachidi, W. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11223615 · Cited by 26

Challenges of Gene Editing Therapies for Genodermatoses

Brooks, I. R., Sheriff, A., Moran, D., Wang, J., & Jackow, J. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032298 · Cited by 23

A systematic review of computational methods for designing efficient guides for CRISPR DNA base editor systems

Giner, G., Ikram, S., Herold, M. J., & Papenfuss, A. T. (2023) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbad205 · Cited by 22

Phage-assisted evolution of compact Cas9 variants targeting a simple NNG PAM

Qi, T., Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Gao, S., Liu, J., Huang, Q., Tian, Y., Tang, J., Zheng, W., & Wang, Y. (2023) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/s41589-023-01481-5 · Cited by 23

Potential therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing

Vlashi, R., Zhang, X., Li, H., & Chen, G. (2023) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-023-09860-y · Cited by 24

CRISPR-Cas “Non-Target” Sites Inhibit On-Target Cutting Rates

Moreb, E. A., Hutmacher, M., & Lynch, M. (2020) · The CRISPR Journal · doi:10.1089/crispr.2020.0065 · Cited by 23

Synthetic and Functional Engineering of Bacteriophages: Approaches for Tailored Bactericidal, Diagnostic, and Delivery Platforms

Alessa, O., Aiba, Y., Arbaah, M., Hidaka, Y., Watanabe, S., Miyanaga, K., Wannigama, D. L., & Cui, L. (2025) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules30153132 · Cited by 21

Unraveling the future of genomics: CRISPR, single-cell omics, and the applications in cancer and immunology

Menon, A. V., Song, B., Chao, L., Sriram, D., Chansky, P. A., Bakshi, I., Ulianova, J., & Li, W. (2025) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2025.1565387 · Cited by 21

Knock-in and precise nucleotide substitution using near-PAMless engineered Cas9 variants in Dictyostelium discoideum

Asano, Y., Yamashita, K., Hasegawa, A., Ogasawara, T., Iriki, H., & Muramoto, T. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89546-0 · Cited by 24

Gradients in gene essentiality reshape antibacterial research

Hogan, A. M., & Cardona, S. T. (2022) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1093/femsre/fuac005 · Cited by 24

Genetic Engineering Technologies for Improving Crop Yield and Quality

Ye, R., Yang, X., & Rao, Y. (2022) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy12040759 · Cited by 21

Improvements of nuclease and nickase gene modification techniques for the treatment of genetic diseases

Lu, Y., Mbakam, C. H., Song, B., Bendavid, E., & Tremblay, J. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2022.892769 · Cited by 22

Expanding the Scope of Bacterial CRISPR Activation with PAM-Flexible dCas9 Variants

Kiattisewee, C., Karanjia, A. V., Legut, M., Daniloski, Z., Koplik, S. E., Nelson, J., Kleinstiver, B. P., Sanjana, N. E., Carothers, J. M., & Zalatan, J. G. (2022) · ACS Synthetic Biology · doi:10.1021/acssynbio.2c00405 · Cited by 21

Is CRISPR/Cas9 a way forward to fast-track genetic improvement in commercial palms? Prospects and limits

Khan, F. S., Goher, F., Zhang, D., Shi, P., Li, Z., Htwe, Y. M., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1042828 · Cited by 22

CRISPR-Cas9 base editors and their current role in human therapeutics

Lahr, W. S., Sipe, C. J., Skeate, J. G., Webber, B. R., & Moriarity, B. S. (2023) · Cytotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.11.013 · Cited by 21

Advances in CRISPR/Cas gene therapy for inborn errors of immunity

Liu, X., Li, G., Liu, Y., Zhou, F., Huang, X., & Li, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111777 · Cited by 21

CRISPR genetic toolkits of classical food microorganisms: Current state and future prospects

Lv, X., Li, Y., Xiu, X., Liao, C., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Li, J., Du, G., & Liu, L. (2023) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108261 · Cited by 21

The Development, Optimization and Future of Prime Editing

Petrova, I. O., & Smirnikhina, S. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242317045 · Cited by 21

Plant conservation in the age of genome editing: opportunities and challenges

Yin, K., Chung, M. Y., Lan, B., Du, F., & Chung, M. G. (2024) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-024-03399-0 · Cited by 24

Replacing the SpCas9 HNH domain by deaminases generates compact base editors with an alternative targeting scope

Villiger, L., Schmidheini, L., Mathis, N., Rothgangl, T., Marquart, K. F., & Schwank, G. (2021) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2021.08.025 · Cited by 21

PepMLM: Target Sequence-Conditioned Generation of Therapeutic Peptide Binders via Span Masked Language ModelingPreprint

Chen, T., Dumas, M., Watson, R., Vincoff, S., Peng, C., Zhao, L., Hong, L., Pertsemlidis, S., Shaepers-Cheu, M., Wang, T. Z., et al. (2023) · PubMed · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2310.03842 · Cited by 24

Hybrid Cas12a Variants with Relaxed PAM Requirements Expand Genome Editing Compatibility

Liu, Z., Liu, H., Huang, C., Zhou, Q., & Luo, Y. (2024) · ACS Synthetic Biology · doi:10.1021/acssynbio.4c00103 · Cited by 20

CRISPR Technology and Its Emerging Applications

Zhang, X. E., Ma, D., & Liu, F. (2025) · Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/gpbjnl/qzaf034 · Cited by 21

High-precision cytosine base editors by evolving nucleic-acid-recognition hotspots in deaminase

Wu, Y., Xiao, Y., & Tang, W. (2025) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-025-02678-w · Cited by 23

Improved specificity and efficiency of in vivo adenine base editing therapies with hybrid guide RNAs

Whittaker, M. N., Testa, L. C., Quigley, A., Brooks, D. L., Grandinette, S. A., Said, H., Dwivedi, G., Jindal, I., Volpp, D., Hacker, J. L., et al. (2025) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-025-01545-y · Cited by 20

Sophisticated CRISPR/Cas tools for fine-tuning plant performance

Capdeville, N., Merker, L., Schindele, P., & Puchta, H. (2020) · Journal of Plant Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153332 · Cited by 21

Tissue Specific DNA Repair Outcomes Shape the Landscape of Genome Editing

Meyenberg, M., da Silva, J. F., & Loizou, J. I. (2021) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.728520 · Cited by 21

Efficient C-to-G Base Editing with Improved Target Compatibility Using Engineered Deaminase–nCas9 Fusions

Chen, S., Liu, Z., Lai, L., & Li, Z. (2022) · The CRISPR Journal · doi:10.1089/crispr.2021.0124 · Cited by 21

New Hope for Genome Editing in Cultivated Grasses: CRISPR Variants and Application

Riaz, A., Kanwal, F., Ahmad, I., Ahmad, S., Farooq, A., Madsen, C. K., Brinch‐Pedersen, H., Bekalu, Z. E., Dai, F., Zhang, G., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.866121 · Cited by 20

Current therapies for osteoarthritis and prospects of CRISPR-based genome, epigenome, and RNA editing in osteoarthritis treatment

Chen, Y., Luo, X. L., Kang, R., Cui, K., Ou, J., Zhang, X., & Liang, P. (2023) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2023.07.007 · Cited by 23

Genetic Databases and Gene Editing Tools for Enhancing Crop Resistance against Abiotic Stress

Joshi, A. B., Yang, S.-Y., Song, H.-G., Min, J., & Lee, J.-H. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12111400 · Cited by 21

Advancing PAM-less genome editing in soybean using CRISPR-SpRY

Chen, X., Zhong, Z., Tang, X. D., Yang, S., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Zheng, X., Feng, X., Zhang, Y., et al. (2024) · Horticulture Research · doi:10.1093/hr/uhae160 · Cited by 20

Engineered cytosine base editor enabling broad-scope and high-fidelity gene editing in Streptomyces

Wang, J., Wang, K., Deng, Z., Zhong, Z., Sun, G., Mei, Q., Zhou, F., Deng, Z., & Sun, Y. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-49987-3 · Cited by 20

Nature Inspired Delivery Vehicles for CRISPR‐Based Genome Editing

Clarissa, E. M., Karmacharya, M., Choi, H., Kumar, S., & Cho, Y. (2025) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202409353 · Cited by 23

GTR 2.0: gRNA-tRNA Array and Cas9-NG Based Genome Disruption and Single-Nucleotide Conversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Gong, G., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, L., Shi, S., Siewers, V., Yuan, Q., Nielsen, J., Zhang, X., & Liu, Z. (2021) · ACS Synthetic Biology · doi:10.1021/acssynbio.0c00560 · Cited by 22

Genome Editing of Veterinary Relevant Mycoplasmas Using a CRISPR-Cas Base Editor System

Ipoutcha, T., Rideau, F., Gourgues, G., Arfi, Y., Lartigue, C., Blanchard, A., & Sirand-Pugnet, P. (2022) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00996-22 · Cited by 19

Genetic Improvement of rice Grain size Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

Zhang, T., Wang, Z., Liu, Q., & Zhao, D. (2025) · Rice · doi:10.1186/s12284-025-00758-8 · Cited by 19

Synthetic Biology of Plants and Microbes for Agriculture, Environment, and Future Applications

Clauer, P. R., Nou, A., Toth, T., Yu, Q., Chemla, Y., Boo, A., Yoon, K. S., & Voigt, C. A. (2026) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00687 · Cited by 21

Customizing CRISPR–Cas PAM specificity with protein language models

Nayfach, S., Bhatnagar, A., Novichkov, A., Kim, N., Hoffnagle, A. M., Hussain, R., Estevam, G. O., Hill, E., Ruffolo, J. A., Silverstein, R. A., et al. (2026) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-025-02995-0 · Cited by 19

Development of CRISPR technology for precise single-base genome editing: a brief review

Lee, H. K., Oh, Y., Hong, J., Lee, S. H., & Hur, J. K. (2021) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.2.217 · Cited by 20

CRISPR Toolbox for Genome Editing in Dictyostelium

Yamashita, K., Iriki, H., Kamimura, Y., & Muramoto, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.721630 · Cited by 23

Mechanistic insights into the versatile class II CRISPR toolbox

Zhang, F., & Huang, Z. (2021) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2021.11.007 · Cited by 20

Site-specific genome editing in treatment of inherited diseases: possibility, progress, and perspectives

Huang, C., Li, Q., & Li, J. (2022) · Medical Review · doi:10.1515/mr-2022-0029 · Cited by 20

Characterizing off-target effects of genome editors

Rao, X., Zhao, H., Shao, C., & Yi, C. (2023) · Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2023.100480 · Cited by 19

Characterization of a thermostable Cas12a ortholog

Wu, J., Gao, P., Shi, Y., Zhang, C., Tong, X., Fan, H., Zhou, X., Zhang, Y., & Yin, H. (2023) · Cell Insight · doi:10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100126 · Cited by 19

Efficient exon skipping by base-editor-mediated abrogation of exonic splicing enhancers

Qiu, H., Li, G., Yuan, J., Yang, D., Ma, Y., Wang, F., Dai, Y., & Chang, X. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113340 · Cited by 22

Unbiased interrogation of functional lysine residues in human proteome

Bao, Y., Pan, Q., Xu, P., Liu, Z., Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Xu, Y., Yu, Y., Zhou, Z. L., & Wei, W. (2023) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2023.10.033 · Cited by 19

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base editors and their prospects for mitochondrial genome engineering

Eghbalsaied, S., Lawler, C., Petersen, B., Hajiyev, R. A., Bischoff, S. R., & Frankenberg, S. (2024) · Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41434-023-00434-w · Cited by 20

Base editing effectively prevents early-onset severe cardiomyopathy in Mybpc3 mutant mice

Wu, S., Yang, P., Geng, Z., Li, Y., Guo, Z., Lou, Y., Zhang, S., Xiong, J., Hu, H., Guo, X., et al. (2024) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/s41422-024-00930-7 · Cited by 19

Health research in the era of artificial intelligence: Advances in gene-editing study

Dai, M., Li, X., Zhang, Q., Liang, T., Huang, X., & Fu, Q. (2024) · Medicine Plus · doi:10.1016/j.medp.2024.100027 · Cited by 19

Efficient genome editing in rice with miniature Cas12f variants

Ye, Z., Zhang, Y., He, S., Li, S., Luo, L., Zhou, Y., Tan, J., & Wan, J. (2024) · aBIOTECH · doi:10.1007/s42994-024-00168-2 · Cited by 19

Structure and genome editing activity of the novel CRISPR-Cas12o1 effector

Duan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Ji, X., Liu, R., Chen, Y., Li, S., Jia, N., Gao, H., Xin, Y., et al. (2024) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/s41422-024-01050-y · Cited by 19

Efficient CRISPR-Cas9 based cytosine base editors for phytopathogenic bacteria

Li, C., Wang, L., Cseke, L. J., Vasconcelos, F., Huguet‐Tapia, J. C., Gassmann, W., Pauwels, L., White, F. F., Dong, H., & Yang, B. (2023) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-023-04451-8 · Cited by 19

Base Editing in Human Cells to Produce Single‐Nucleotide‐Variant Clonal Cell Lines

Vásquez, C. A., Cowan, Q. T., & Komor, A. C. (2020) · Current Protocols in Molecular Biology · doi:10.1002/cpmb.129 · Cited by 20

CRISPR/Cas9 Technology as a Modern Genetic Manipulation Tool for Recapitulating of Neurodegenerative Disorders in Large Animal Models

Barazesh, M., Mohammadi, S., Bahrami, Y., Mokarram, P., Morowvat, M. H., Saidijam, M., Karimipoor, M., Kavousipour, S., Vosoughi, A. R., & Khanaki, K. (2020) · Current Gene Therapy · doi:10.2174/1566523220666201214115024 · Cited by 19

CRISPR DNA Base Editing Strategies for Treating Retinitis Pigmentosa Caused by Mutations in Rhodopsin

Kaukonen, M. K., McClements, M. E., & MacLaren, R. E. (2022) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes13081327 · Cited by 19

Recursive Editing improves homology-directed repair through retargeting of undesired outcomes

Moeller, L., Aird, E. J., Schröder, M., Kobel, L., Kissling, L., van de Venn, L., & Corn, J. E. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31944-7 · Cited by 18

Optimization of CRISPR–Cas system for clinical cancer therapy

Meng, X. L., Wu, T., Lou, Q., Niu, K., Jiang, L., Xiao, Q., Xu, T., & Zhang, L. (2022) · Bioengineering & Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/btm2.10474 · Cited by 18

Developing an efficient and visible prime editing system to restore tobacco 8-hydroxy-copalyl diphosphate gene for labdane diterpene Z-abienol biosynthesis

Zhang, J.-D., Zhang, L., Zhang, C., Yang, Y., Liu, H., Li, L., Zhang, S., Li, X., Liu, X., Liu, Y., et al. (2023) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-022-2396-x · Cited by 18

In vivo base editing rescues primary hyperoxaluria type 1 in rats

Chen, Z., Zhang, D., Zheng, R., Yang, L., Huo, Y., Zhang, D., Fang, X., Li, Y., Xu, G., Li, D., et al. (2023) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2023.11.029 · Cited by 19

Increasing Gene Editing Efficiency via CRISPR/Cas9- or Cas12a-Mediated Knock-In in Primary Human T Cells

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Continual improvement of CRISPR ‐induced multiplex mutagenesis in Arabidopsis

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