Cited by 310Cancer-related Molecular PathwaysHeat shock proteins researchPI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer

Amplification of Mdmx (or Mdm4 ) Directly Contributes to Tumor Formation by Inhibiting p53 Tumor Suppressor Activity

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Danovi, Davide, Meulmeester, Erik, Pasini, Diego, Migliorini, Domenico, Capra, Maria, Frenk, Ruth, de Graaf, Petra, Francoz, Sarah +6 more·2004·Molecular and Cellular Biology

Abstract

Human tumors are believed to harbor a disabled p53 tumor suppressor pathway, either through direct mutation of the p53 gene or through aberrant expression of proteins acting in the p53 pathway, such as p14(ARF) or Mdm2. A role for Mdmx (or Mdm4) as a key negative regulator of p53 function in vivo has been established. However, a direct contribution of Mdmx to tumor formation remains to be demonstrated. Here we show that retrovirus-mediated Mdmx overexpression allows primary mouse embryonic fibroblast immortalization and leads to neoplastic transformation in combination with HRas(V12). Furthermore, the human Mdmx ortholog, Hdmx, was found to be overexpressed in a significant percentage of various human tumors and amplified in 5% of primary breast tumors, all of which retained wild-type p53. Hdmx was also amplified and highly expressed in MCF-7, a breast cancer cell line harboring wild-type p53, and interfering RNA-mediated reduction of Hdmx markedly inhibited the growth potential of these cells in a p53-dependent manner. Together, these results make Hdmx a new putative drug target for cancer therapy.

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Crossref · 10.1128/mcb.24.13.5835-5843.2004

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  • Mdmx is overexpressed in many human malignancies and, together with Mdm2, negatively regulates the p53 tumor suppressor.

    “The oncogene Mdmx is overexpressed in many human malignancies, and together with Mdm2, negatively regulates the p53 tumor suppressor.”
  • MDMX is overexpressed or amplified in at least 15% of human cancers.

    “MDMX, also known as MDM4, is overexpressed or amplified in at least 15% of human cancers.3,18–20”
  • Elevated Mdmx levels are observed in many tumors and during tumorigenesis.

    “elevated Mdmx levels are observed in many tumors.3,18–22”
  • MDM4 is overexpressed in many human cancers.

    “As with MDM2, MDM4 is overexpressed in many human cancers (Danovi, et al., 2004; Gembarska, et al., 2012; Han, et al., 2007; Leventaki, et al., 2012; Ramos, et al., 2001; Riemenschneider, et al., 1999; Valentin-Vega, et al., 2007; Wade, et al., 2013).”

    From The Mdm network and its regulation of p53 activities: a rheostat of cancer risk (2014) · cites this paper as Danovi, et al., 2004

  • Co-expression of MDMX leads to cellular transformation in vitro, and this requires the p53-binding domain of MDMX.

    “However, co-expression of MDMX leads to cellular transformation in vitro63,64,70. Importantly, this requires the p53-binding domain of MDMX, suggesting that p53-inhibitory activity of MDMX is crucial for transformation63.”

    From MDM2, MDMX and p53 in oncogenesis and cancer therapy (2013) · cites this paper as [63]

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [42]Tirkkonen, M., M. Tanner, R. Karhu, A. Kallioniemi, J. Isola, and O. P. Kallioniemi. 1998. Molecular cytogenetics of primary breast cancer by CGH. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 21:177-184. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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Authors
Danovi, D., Meulmeester, E., Pasini, D., Migliorini, D., Capra, M., Frenk, R., de Graaf, P., Francoz, S., Gasparini, P., Gobbi, A., Helin, K., Pelicci, P. G., Jochemsen, A. G., & Marine, J.-C.
Affiliations
  • European Institute of Oncology (IT)
  • Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
  • IFOM (IT)
  • Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
  • Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
  • Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (BE)
Corresponding author
Marine, Jean-Christophe
Venue
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Published
2004-07-01
Volume
24
Issue
13
Pages
5835-5843
ISSN
  • 0270-7306 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5549
OpenAlex
W2164115530
Cited by
310
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 19
FWCI
7.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular and Cellular Biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
  • Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
  • Vlaamse regering
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
Keywords
MDMX, MDM4, HDMX, p53, gene amplification, breast cancer, oncogenic transformation, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, MCF-7 cells, cancer drug targets
MeSH terms
Animals, Breast Neoplasms, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Humans, Neoplasms, Nuclear Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Stem Cells, Transfection, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Gene Dosage, Cell Cycle Proteins, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, RNA, Small Interfering, Mice

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