Keep the fire burning: a survey study on the role of personal resources for work engagement and burnout in medical residents and specialists in the Netherlands
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Objectives: The high prevalence of burnout among medical residents and specialists raises concerns about the stressful demands in healthcare. This study investigated which job demands and job resources and personal resources are associated with work engagement and burnout and whether the effects of these demands and resources differ for medical residents and specialists. Design: In a survey study among residents and specialists, we assessed job demands, job resources, personal resources, work engagement and burnout symptoms using validated questionnaires (January to December 2017). Results were analysed using multivariate generalised linear model, ordinary least squares regression analyses and path analyses. Setting: Five academic and general hospitals in the Netherlands. Participants: A total number of 124 residents and 69 specialists participated in this study. Participants worked in the fields of pediatrics, internal medicine and neurology. Results: The associations of job and personal resources with burnout and work engagement differed for residents and specialists. Psychological capital was associated with burnout only for specialists ( b =−0.58, p<0.001), whereas psychological flexibility was associated with burnout only for residents ( b =−0.31, p<0.001). Colleague support ( b =0.49, p<0.001) and self-compassion ( b =−0.33, p=0.004) were associated with work engagement only for specialists. Conclusion: This study suggests that particularly personal resources safeguard the work engagement and lessen the risk of burnout of residents and specialists. Both residents and specialists benefit from psychological capital to maintain optimal functioning. In addition, residents benefit from psychological flexibility, while specialists benefit from colleague support. Personal resources seem important protective factors for physicians’ work engagement and well-being. When promoting physician well-being, a one-size-fits-all approach might not be effective but, instead, interventions should be tailored to the specific needs of specialists and residents.
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Low psychological flexibility is associated with burnout risk among medical students, physicians, and resident physicians.
“Low psychological flexibility is associated with burnout risk among medical students, physicians [58], and resident physicians [59].”
From Evaluation of an App-Delivered Psychological Flexibility Skill Training Intervention for Medical Student Burnout and Well-being: Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [59]
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- Authors
- Solms, L., van Vianen, A. E. M., Theeboom, T., Koen, J., de Pagter, A. P. J., & de Hoog, M.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC - Sophia Children’s Hospital (NL)
- Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Pediatric Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center—Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Pediatrics/Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Erasmus Medical Centre—Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Venue
- BMJ Open
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e031053
- ISSN
- 2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6858141
- OpenAlex
- W2986107320
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 5.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Keywords
- burnout, work engagement, personal resources, medical residents, specialist physicians, psychological capital, psychological flexibility, self-compassion, coworker support, job demands, job resources, physician well-being, occupational stress in medicine
- MeSH terms
- Work-Life Balance, Adult, Burnout, Professional, Female, Humans, Internal Medicine, Internship and Residency, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Neurology, Pediatrics, Physicians, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult
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