Cited by 203Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiologyHelicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studiesGastrointestinal motility and disorders

Norepinephrine increases the pathogenic potential of Campylobacter jejuni

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Cogan, T A, Thomas, A O, Rees, L E N, Taylor, A H, Jepson, M A, Williams, P H, Ketley, J, Humphrey, T J·2007·Gut

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Campylobacter jejuni can cause a spectrum of diseases in humans, ranging from enteritis and diarrhoea to severe inflammation, profuse bloody diarrhoea and chronic relapsing infection. Norepinephrine (NE) levels in the intestine increase under conditions of stress and trauma, and are thought to result in spill over of NE into the intestinal lumen. NE is known to stimulate the growth of a range of bacterial species, and to increase the pathogenicity of Escherichia coli. AIM: To determine the effects of NE on the pathogenic potential of C jejuni in a model system. METHODS: C jejuni was grown in iron-replete and iron-limited media in the presence and absence of 100 microM NE. Several virulence-associated characteristics, including motility and cell invasion, were measured. RESULTS: When C jejuni was grown in iron-limited media in the presence of NE, growth rate, motility and invasion of cultured epithelial cells were increased compared with cultures grown in the absence of NE. Bacteria exposed to NE during growth also caused greater subsequent disruption of cultured epithelial cell monolayers, inducing widespread breakdown of tight junctions. CONCLUSION: Exposure to NE causes an increase in the virulence-associated properties of Campylobacter. Stress and concomitant infection could therefore be contributory factors to the variable presentation of this disease.

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Crossref · 10.1136/gut.2006.114926

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  • Many microorganisms express receptors for eukaryotic hormonal signals that primarily act by regulating gene expression; for example, when exposed to norepinephrine, Campylobacter jejuni exhibits increased growth and virulence-associated properties in vitro.

    “Known as inter-kingdom signaling, many microorganisms express receptors for eukaryotic hormonal signals that primarily act by regulating gene expression [63], e.g., when exposed to norepinephrine, Campylobacter jejuni exhibited increased growth and virulence-associated properties in vitro [64].”
  • In vitro norepinephrine stimulates the growth of several strains of enteric pathogens and magnifies the virulent properties of Campylobacter jejuni.

    “In vitro norepinephrine stimulates the growth of several strains of enteric pathogens (reviewed elsewhere34) and magnifies the virulent properties of Campylobacter jejuni.36”
  • Stress-induced increases in norepinephrine levels in the lumen of the gut may result in increased virulence of certain pathogenic organisms, including Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella and E. coli, which result in a prolongation of the symptoms of enteritis.

    “As discussed above, stress-induced increases in norepi nephrine levels in the lumen of the gut may result in increased virulence of certain pathogenic organisms, including Campylobacter jejuni,36Salmonella82 and E. coli,34 which result in a prolongation of the symptoms of enteritis.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. A ˚neman A, Eisenhofer G, Olbe L, et al. Sympathetic discharge to the mesenteric organs and the liver. J Clin Invest 1996;97:1640-6.
  2. Skirrow M, Blaser MJ. Clinical aspects of Campylobacter infection. In: Nachamkin I, Blaser MJ, eds. Campylobacter. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2000:66-88.

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Authors
Cogan, T. A., Thomas, A. O., Rees, L. E. N., Taylor, A. H., Jepson, M. A., Williams, P. H., Ketley, J., & Humphrey, T. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Bristol (GB)
  • University of Leicester (GB)
Corresponding author
Cogan, T A
Venue
Gut
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2006-12-21
Volume
56
Issue
8
Pages
1060-1065
ISSN
  • 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
  • 1468-3288
OpenAlex
W2116703815
Cited by
203
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
FWCI
13.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Gut (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion)
  • Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Food Standards Agency
  • University of Bristol
  • Medical Research Council
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/D012708/1)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords
Campylobacter jejuni, norepinephrine, bacterial virulence, iron limitation, bacterial motility, cell invasion, tight junctions, bloody diarrhea
MeSH terms
Campylobacter Infections, Culture Media, Humans, Iron, Models, Biological, Norepinephrine, Virulence, Campylobacter jejuni, Electric Impedance, Neurotransmitter Agents, Caco-2 Cells, Tight Junctions

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