The DOI matches its Crossref record; 227 of the 227 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Anxiety Disorders During Childhood and Adolescence: Origins and Treatment
Abstract
The present review summarizes our current knowledge of the development and management of anxiety in children and adolescents. Consideration is given to limitations of this knowledge and directions for future research. The review begins with coverage of the development and demographic correlates of anxiety in young people and then moves to systematic discussion of some of the key etiological factors, including genetics, temperament, parenting, and individual experiences. The second part of the review describes current treatment strategies and efficacy as well as factors thought to influence treatment outcome, including treatment features, child factors, and parent factors. The review concludes with brief coverage of some more recent developments in treatment including alternative models of delivery and prevention strategies.
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“Although it was once believed that rates of SAD peak in adolescence, prospective longitudinal studies are mixed in this regard and reveal elevation across both childhood and adolescence [38].”
In the citing paper
“have a major impact on their academic, social, and family functioning (Rapee et al., 2009 )”
From Child- and Parent-Report Measures of Behavioral Avoidance (CAMS/CAMP): Portuguese Validation in Clinical and Non-Clinical Samples. (2024) · cites this paper as Rapee et al., 2009
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“…chronic, and associated with fundamental impairment in children’s functionality and adjustment in various areas of their lives, such as school and social relationships (Buchanan-Pascall et al. 2018; Cosma, Balazsi, and Baban 2018; Hankin and Abramson 2001; Rapee, Schniering, and Hudson 2009).”
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“For example, the typical age of onset for general and social anxiety disorders falls between adolescence and emerging adulthood (Beesdo et al., 2007; Beesdo et al., 2009; Kessler et al., 2005; Mesa, Nieves, & Beidel, 2011; Rapee et al., 2009).”
BackgroundCool Teens: A Computerized Intervention for Anxious Adolescents
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“Such prevalence rates may persist into adulthood if left untreated (Rapee et al., 2009).”
Caputi, M., Bazzoli, E., Forresi, B., Grazioli, S., Rapee, R. M., & Scaini, S. (2023) · European Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17405629.2023.2250120 · Cited by 1
“Anxiety symptoms can appear early in life, are commonly chronic, and can have a serious negative impact on quality of life (Beesdo et al., 2009; Rapee et al., 2009).”
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“Rapee et al. (2009) explained that this difference can be attributed to higher levels of academic anxiety in females, which causes them to be more careful in regulating their learning strategies.”
Fassot, E.-M., Tuschen-Caffier, B., Hauffe, V., & Asbrand, J. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22121802 · Cited by 1
“This aligns with Rapee et al.’s [35] findings that parental overcontrol exerts significant influence on ADs during middle childhood and the onset of adolescence.”
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“…disorders in childhood (e.g., Rapee et al., 2009) and the significant impact that they can have on immediate and long-term development (e.g., Rapee et al., 2009), including physical, social and emotional functioning (e.g., Rockhill et al., 2010), it is imperative that schools capitalize on…”
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“…during the pandemic (Gruber et al., 2021; Hawes et al., 2021; Rogers et al., 2021), as depression and anxiety become increasingly prevalent in adolescence (Kessler et al., 2005; Rapee et al., 2009), with depression, in particular, sharply increasing through young adulthood (Costello et al., 2011).”
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“Moreover, young people experiencing different anxiety subtypes have also been shown to have a similar response to treatment when they receive generic interventions (Rapee, 2000; Rapee et al., 2009) suggesting that the maintaining factors may be similar across these subtypes.”
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“En generel begrænsning ved studier af forældreadfærd er, at de ikke muliggør en undersøgelse af årsags- og virkningssammenhænge (Rapee et al., 2009).”
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Lake, D. J. (2014) · Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham)
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Self-citationTemperament, parenting, and the development of anxiety in early childhood
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An Exploration of the Relationship Between Vicarious Learning Experiences and Panic Attacks
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rapee, R. M., Schniering, C. A., & Hudson, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Macquarie University (AU)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2009-04-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 311-341
- ISSN
- 1548-5943 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-5951
- OpenAlex
- W2167192006
- Cited by
- 821
- References
- 223
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 79 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 79 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 5.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Therapy and Development
- Keywords
- childhood anxiety, adolescent anxiety, anxiety disorders, causes of anxiety, temperament, parenting, treatment outcomes, treatment efficacy, prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Bibliotherapy, Child, Humans, Life Change Events, Parent-Child Relations, Risk Factors, Temperament, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Parenting, Treatment Outcome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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