THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY FOR ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION
Abstract
▪ Abstract Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) involves a highly diverse set of terms and procedures. In this review, the origins of CBT are briefly considered, and an integrative theoretical framework is proposed that (a) distinguishes therapy interventions targeted at circumscribed disorders from those targeted at generalized disorders and (b) distinguishes interventions aimed at modifying conscious beliefs and representations from those aimed at modifying unconscious representations in memory. Interventions aimed at altering consciously accessible beliefs are related to their theoretical bases in appraisal theories of emotion and cognitive theories of emotion and motivation. Interventions aimed at modifying unconscious representations are related to their theoretical bases in learning theory and findings from experimental cognitive psychology. In the review, different formulations of CBT for anxiety disorders and depression are analyzed in terms of this framework, and theoretical issues relating to self-representations in memory and to emotional processing are considered.
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The cognitive model of anxiety disorders has been challenged by insufficient supporting evidence and theoretical arguments.
“Further, the cognitive model, which posits that anxiety disorders stem from faulty cognitions and are treated by modifying the content of these cognitions, has been challenged by insufficient supporting evidence (see Longmore & Worrell, 2007) and theoretical arguments (see Brewin, 1996)”
From Randomized clinical trial of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) versus acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for mixed anxiety disorders (2012) · cites this paper as Brewin, 1996
The convergence of cognitive and behavioral theories has observed success in CBT.
“The convergence of cognitive and behavioral theories has observed success in CBT [110] and deserves further investigation by health”
From The Comparative Effectiveness of Mobile Phone Interventions in Improving Health Outcomes: Meta-Analytic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [110]
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- Authors
- Brewin, C. R.
- Affiliations
- Royal Holloway University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Brewin, Chris R.
- ORCID
- Brewin, Chris R.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Psychology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1996-02
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-57
- ISSN
- 0066-4308 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2085
- OpenAlex
- W2022598633
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, anxiety disorders, depression, theoretical foundations, appraisal theory of emotion, learning theory, unconscious representations, emotional processing, generalized anxiety disorder
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Self Concept, Set, Psychology, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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