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Nitrite is an alternative source of NO in vivo
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether orally administered nitrite is changed to NO and whether nitrite attenuates hypertension in a dose-dependent manner. We utilized a stable isotope of [15N]nitrite (15NO2-) as a source of nitrite to distinguish between endogenous nitrite and that exogenously administered and measured hemoglobin (Hb)-NO as an index of circulating NO in whole blood using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. When 1 mg/kg Na15NO2 was orally administered to rats, an apparent EPR signal derived from Hb15NO (A(Z) = 23.4 gauss) appeared in the blood. The peak blood HbNO concentration occurred at the first measurement after intake (5 min) for treatment with 1 and 3 mg/kg (HbNO: 4.93 +/- 0.52 and 10.58 +/- 0.40 microM, respectively) and at 15 min with 10 mg/kg (HbNO: 38.27 +/- 9.23 microM). In addition, coadministration of nitrite (100 mg/l drinking water) with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 1 g/l) for 3 wk significantly attenuated the L-NAME-induced hypertension (149 +/- 10 mmHg) compared with L-NAME alone (170 +/- 13 mmHg). Furthermore, this phenomenon was associated with an increase in circulating HbNO. Our findings clearly indicate that orally ingested nitrite can be an alternative to L-arginine as a source of NO in vivo and may explain, at least in part, the mechanism of the nitrite/nitrate-rich Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet-induced hypotensive effects.
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“In parallel with these findings, Tsuchiya et al. showed that nitrite attenuated the increases in blood pressure caused by L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthases [46].”
From Sodium nitrite downregulates vascular NADPH oxidase and exerts antihypertensive effects in hypertension (2011) · cites this paper as [46]
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Dietary nitrite supplementation protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
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NO Generation From Nitrite and Its Role in Vascular Control
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tsuchiya, K., Kanematsu, Y., Yoshizumi, M., Ohnishi, H., Kirima, K., Izawa, Y., Shikishima, M., Ishida, T., Kondo, S., Kagami, S., Takiguchi, Y., & Tamaki, T.
- Affiliations
- Tokushima University (JP)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 288
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- H2163-H2170
- ISSN
- 0363-6135 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1539
- OpenAlex
- W2125647807
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Keywords
- nitrite, nitric oxide, L-NAME-induced hypertension, nitric oxide synthase inhibition, dietary nitrate, DASH diet, L-arginine, blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Blood Pressure, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Enzyme Inhibitors, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hypertension, Male, Nitric Oxide, Nitrites, Nitrogen Isotopes, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester, Rats
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