Silica Aerogel: Synthesis and Applications
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Silica aerogels have drawn a lot of interest both in science and technology because of their low bulk density (up to 95% of their volume is air), hydrophobicity, low thermal conductivity, high surface area, and optical transparency. Aerogels are synthesized from molecular precursors by sol‐gel processing. Special drying techniques must be applied to replace the pore liquid with air while maintaining the solid network. Supercritical drying is most common; however, recently developed methods allow removal of the liquid at atmospheric pressure after chemical modification of the inner surface of the gels, leaving only a porous silica network filled with air. Therefore, by considering the surprising properties of aerogels, the present review addresses synthesis of silica aerogels by the sol‐gel method, as well as drying techniques and applications in current industrial development and scientific research.
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The aerogel network is established through two primary processes: hydrolysis of the precursor and subsequent condensation of the gel.
“The aerogel network is established through two primary processes: the breakdown of the precursor (hydrolysis) and the subsequent condensation of the gel.”
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- Authors
- Gurav, J. L., Jung, I.-K., Park, H.-H., Kang, E. S., & Nadargi, D. Y.
- Affiliations
- Yonsei University (KR)
- Agency for Defense Development (KR)
- Empa (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Hyung-Ho
- Venue
- Journal of Nanomaterials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 2010
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 1687-4110 (ISSN-L)
- 1687-4129
- OpenAlex
- W2007762157
- Cited by
- 756
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 104 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 7.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Nanomaterials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DORA Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Drug and Alcohol Peer Advisors
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Aerogels and thermal insulation
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Ceramics and Composites › Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
- Keywords
- silica aerogel, sol-gel synthesis, supercritical drying, atmospheric pressure drying, low thermal conductivity, high surface area, optical transparency, hydrophobicity, aerogel applications
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