Cited by 46Spinal Cord Injury ResearchNerve injury and regenerationTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Biomaterial Approaches to Modulate Reactive Astroglial Response

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Zuidema, Jonathan M., Gilbert, Ryan J., Gottipati, Manoj K.·2018·Cells Tissues Organs

Abstract

Over several decades, biomaterial scientists have developed materials to spur axonal regeneration and limit secondary injury and tested these materials within preclinical animal models. Rarely, though, are astrocytes examined comprehensively when biomaterials are placed into the injury site. Astrocytes support neuronal function in the central nervous system. Following an injury, astrocytes undergo reactive gliosis and create a glial scar. The astrocytic glial scar forms a dense barrier which restricts the extension of regenerating axons through the injury site. However, there are several beneficial effects of the glial scar, including helping to reform the blood-brain barrier, limiting the extent of secondary injury, and supporting the health of regenerating axons near the injury site. This review provides a brief introduction to the role of astrocytes in the spinal cord, discusses astrocyte phenotypic changes that occur following injury, and highlights studies that explored astrocyte changes in response to biomaterials tested within in vitro or in vivo environments. Overall, we suggest that in order to improve biomaterial designs for spinal cord injury applications, investigators should more thoroughly consider the astrocyte response to such designs.

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  • Interventional strategies such as classical pharmacology, genetic manipulation, and biomaterials are available tools to modify pathological signaling in reactive astrocytes for therapeutic purposes.

    “Finally, interventional strategies such as classical pharmacology56,98, genetic manipulation42,56, and biomaterials99 are available tools to modify pathological signaling in reactive astrocytes for therapeutic purposes.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Biran R, Noble MD, Tresco PA (1999) Characterization of cortical astrocytes on materials of differing surface chemistry. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 10379992
  2. Miller RH, Raff MC (1984) Fibrous and protoplasmic astrocytes are distinct classes of glial cells. Journal of Neuroscience 4(2): 585– 592. 6366155 PMC6564905
  3. Turner AMP, Dowell N, Turner SWP, Kam L, Isaacson M, Turner JN, Craighead HG, Shain W (2000) Attachment of astroglial cells to microfabricated pillar arrays of different geometries. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 51(3): 430– 441. 10880086

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Authors
Zuidema, J. M., Gilbert, R. J., & Gottipati, M. K.
Affiliations
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Gottipati, Manoj K.
Venue
Cells Tissues Organs
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2018
Volume
205
Issue
5-6
Pages
372-395
ISSN
  • 1422-6405 (ISSN-L)
  • 1422-6421
OpenAlex
W2902346620
Cited by
46
References
208
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
FWCI
0.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cells Tissues Organs (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Craig H. Neilsen Foundation (468116)
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH-R01, NS092754)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS092754)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Keywords
reactive astrocytes, reactive gliosis, glial scar, biomaterials, spinal cord injury, axon regeneration, secondary injury, blood-brain barrier, astrocyte phenotype, biomaterial design
MeSH terms
Animals, Astrocytes, Biocompatible Materials, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Nerve Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injuries, Neurotransmitter Agents

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