The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cigarette Smoking Increases Sympathetic Outflow in Humans
Abstract
Background—It is generally accepted that smoking increases blood pressure and inhibits muscle sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). The decrease in muscle SNA with cigarette smoking might be secondary to baroreflex responses to the pressor effect of smoking, thus obscuring a sympathetic excitatory effect of smoking. We tested the hypothesis that smoking increases sympathetic outflow. Methods and Results—We examined the effects of sham smoking, cigarette smoking, and cigarette smoking in combination with nitroprusside on muscle (baroreflex-dependent) SNA in 10 healthy habitual smokers. The 3 sessions were performed in random order, each study on a separate day. In an additional study, we also investigated the effects of sham smoking and cigarette smoking on skin (baroreflex-independent) SNA in 9 subjects. Compared with sham smoking, cigarette smoking alone increased blood pressure and decreased muscle SNA. When the blood pressure increase in response to smoking was blunted by nitroprusside infusion, there was a striking increase in muscle SNA. Muscle SNA increased up to 3-fold the levels seen before smoking (P<0.001), accompanied by an increase in heart rate of up to 37±4 bpm. Cigarette smoking also induced a 102±22% increase in skin SNA (P=0.03). Conclusions—These data provide the first direct evidence that cigarette smoking increases sympathetic outflow.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cryer, P. E., Haymond, M. W., Santiago, J. V., & Shah, S. D. (1976) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197609092951101 · Cited by 1,101
General Characteristics of Sympathetic Activity in Human Muscle Nerves
Delius, W., Hagbarth, K. ‐., Hongell, A., & Wallin, B. G. (1972) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1972.tb05157.x · Cited by 831
Anderson, E. A., Sinkey, C. A., Lawton, W. J., & Mark, A. L. (1989) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.14.2.177 · Cited by 632
Benowitz, N. L., & Gourlay, S. G. (1997) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00079-x · Cited by 529
Mechanisms responsible for sympathetic activation by cigarette smoking in humans.
Grassi, G., Seravalle, G., Calhoun, D. A., Bolla, G. B., Giannattasio, C., Marabini, M., Del Bo, A., & Mancia, G. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.90.1.248 · Cited by 394
Manoeuvres affecting sympathetic outflow in human muscle nerves
Delius, W., Hagbarth, K. ‐., Hongell, A., & Wallin, B. G. (1972) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1972.tb05158.x · Cited by 316
Narkiewicz, K., Maraglino, G., Biasion, T., Rossi, G., Sanzuol, F., & Palatini, P. (1995) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-199509000-00005 · Cited by 74
Self-citationMatsukawa, T., Gotoh, E., Hasegawa, O., Shionoiri, H., Tochikubo, O., & Ishii, M. (1991) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-199106000-00009 · Cited by 65
Cited by
Mancia, G., Fagard, R., Narkiewicz, K., Redón, J., Zanchetti, A., Böhm, M., Christiaens, T., Cifkova, R., De Backer, G., Dominiczak, A., et al. (2013) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc · Cited by 5,655
Self-citationHow to assess sympathetic activity in humans
Grassi, G., & Esler, M. (1999) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-199917060-00001 · Cited by 455
Indoor air pollution and blood pressure in adult women living in rural China
Baumgartner, J., Schauer, J. J., Ezzati, M., Lu, L., Cheng, C., Patz, J. A., & Bautista, L. E. (2011) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1003371 · Cited by 254
Richards, J. M., Stipelman, B. A., Bornovalova, M. A., Daughters, S. B., Sinha, R., & Lejuez, C. W. (2011) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.06.009 · Cited by 132
Oza, S., Thun, M. J., Henley, S. J., Lopez, A. D., & Ezzati, M. (2011) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.04.007 · Cited by 81
Tobacco dependence, the insular cortex and the hypocretin connection
Kenny, P. J. (2011) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2010.08.015 · Cited by 69
Acute HPA axis response to naltrexone differs in female vs. male smokers
Roche, D. J. O., Childs, E., Epstein, A. M., & King, A. C. (2010) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.09.016 · Cited by 33
Altered pattern of sympathetic activity with the ovarian cycle in female smokers
Park, J., & Middlekauff, H. R. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01197.2008 · Cited by 27
Tobacco smoking: A stimulus for blood volume expansion
Sotiridis, A., Dardamanis-Aidonas, C., Makris, A., Loukas, I., Geladas, N., & Koskolou, M. (2026) · Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.resp.2025.104505 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Narkiewicz, K., van de Borne, P. J. H., Hausberg, M., Cooley, R. L., Winniford, M. D., Davison, D. E., & Somers, V. K.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1998-08-11
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 528-534
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2147551338
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 3.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
